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基本介紹

佛(fo)頂(ding)山特(te)殊地理(li)位置，復雜的(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)條件，古(gu)老的(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)發育(yu)史和保(bao)存(cun)較完(wan)好(hao)的(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統，使(shi)之成(cheng)為(wei)許(xu)多珍(zhen)稀(xi)瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)種的(de)(de)避(bi)難場所和棲息樂園，國(guo)(guo)家重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)，珍(zhen)稀(xi)、瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)在佛(fo)頂(ding)山森(sen)林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統中(zhong)有(you)著(zhu)較大數量的(de)(de)分布(bu)。佛(fo)頂(ding)山晉(jin)升(sheng)國(guo)(guo)家級自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)，有(you)利于保(bao)護國(guo)(guo)家重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護的(de)(de)珍(zhen)稀(xi)瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，擴(kuo)大種群數量，完(wan)善科研(yan)(yan)設施、壯大科研(yan)(yan)隊伍、開展科研(yan)(yan)合作、提升(sheng)科研(yan)(yan)能(neng)力，可以(yi)使(shi)佛(fo)頂(ding)山保(bao)護區(qu)成(cheng)為(wei)一個重(zhong)要的(de)(de)科研(yan)(yan)基地，為(wei)建設社會主義生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明提供科技支撐。佛(fo)頂(ding)山森(sen)林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統是(shi)龍(long)川(chuan)河(he)(he)、余慶河(he)(he)的(de)(de)河(he)(he)源地，每年增(zeng)加調蓄量達0.60-0.72億m3，其強(qiang)大的(de)(de)水源涵養(yang)功(gong)能(neng)維系(xi)著(zhu)下游(you)河(he)(he)流的(de)(de)徑流平衡，發達的(de)(de)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)根(gen)系(xi)，可以(yi)有(you)效(xiao)遏制(zhi)洪水、泥石流等自(zi)(zi)然(ran)災害。佛(fo)頂(ding)山晉(jin)升(sheng)國(guo)(guo)家級自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)，更好(hao)地發揮森(sen)林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統的(de)(de)綜合效(xiao)能(neng)，維護佛(fo)頂(ding)山區(qu)域(yu)內的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)平衡，是(shi)支撐著(zhu)黔(qian)(qian)東(dong)至黔(qian)(qian)東(dong)南廣大區(qu)域(yu)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)土生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)安全，實現區(qu)域(yu)經濟、社會可持續(xu)發展的(de)(de)重(zhong)要基礎。

景點景觀

佛頂山自然景點星(xing)羅密(mi)布，有金頂云海、垂簾飛瀑(pu)、飛鳳朝陽(yang)、叮咚坡、九大(da)金盤、古藤(teng)嶺、古樹(shu)群、萬(wan)畝杜鵑、堯上仡佬族村寨等。

交通指南

自駕

1、貴陽方向：

貴陽到(dao)鎮遠走“滬昆高速(su)”—大地(di)高速(su)匝(za)道口(kou)下，鎮遠到(dao)大地(di)走“思(si)劍高速(su)”。全程高速(su)，下高速(su)后約10公里路(lu)程到(dao)景區。

2、重慶方向：

重(zhong)慶到遵義(yi)走“蘭海高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)”—思南（遵義(yi)到思南“沿榕高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)”）—石阡（思南到石阡“思劍高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)”）—大地(di)高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)匝道(dao)口下(xia)。全(quan)程(cheng)高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)，下(xia)高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)后(hou)約(yue)10公里路(lu)程(cheng)到景區。

地理環境

位置境域

貴州佛頂山(shan)國家級自然(ran)保護區(qu)位(wei)(wei)于貴州省東(dong)北(bei)部、石阡縣西南部，東(dong)鄰鎮(zhen)遠縣，南與(yu)施秉縣縣級佛頂山(shan)自然(ran)保護區(qu)相鄰，地跨扶堰、甘溪(xi)、中(zhong)壩三(san)個鄉鎮(zhen)，總(zong)面積15200公頃。佛頂山(shan)位(wei)(wei)于貴州東(dong)部華夏系斷裂構造帶上(shang)。地理位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)為(wei)27°15′34″～27°26′28″N，107°55′45″～108°12′20″E，東(dong)西寬27km，南北(bei)長14km。

氣候條件

佛頂山(shan)自然保護區(qu)(qu)屬于中(zhong)亞熱帶季風濕(shi)潤氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)區(qu)(qu)山(shan)地氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)類型(xing)。年平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)在海拔600m、1100m、1500m處(chu)分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)16.4℃、14.1℃、12.3℃。氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)以(yi)夏(xia)季最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)，冬季最(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)，秋季略(lve)高(gao)于春季。以(yi)7月(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)最(zui)(zui)(zui)熱月(yue)(yue)，山(shan)麓海拔600m、1100m、1500m處(chu)月(yue)(yue)平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)27.2℃、26.7℃、24.4℃、22.6℃；以(yi)1月(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)最(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)溫(wen)月(yue)(yue)，山(shan)麓海拔600m、1100m、1500m處(chu)月(yue)(yue)平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)6.0℃、5.1℃、2.8℃。保護區(qu)(qu)年日照(zhao)數為(wei)(wei)1181.2～1214.0h之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)，年日照(zhao)百分率為(wei)(wei)27%，年太陽總(zong)輻射(she)為(wei)(wei)3661.5mJ/m2～3723.7mJ/m2之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)，是貴州光能較少地區(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一。太陽輻射(she)以(yi)夏(xia)季最(zui)(zui)(zui)多(duo)，冬季最(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)，春季高(gao)于秋季。佛頂山(shan)區(qu)(qu)受海洋氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)影響較大(da)，雨水豐(feng)沛(pei)，相(xiang)對濕(shi)度大(da)于80%；年均降水量(liang)1100～1350mm，為(wei)(wei)全(quan)縣多(duo)雨區(qu)(qu)。降雨主要集(ji)中(zhong)在4～10月(yue)(yue)，其降雨量(liang)占(zhan)全(quan)年的80%以(yi)上(shang)，降水年變化呈單峰型(xing)。降水量(liang)以(yi)6月(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)多(duo)，12月(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)少；東坡(po)雨量(liang)最(zui)(zui)(zui)多(duo)，南坡(po)最(zui)(zui)(zui)少。

地貌

佛頂山(shan)(shan)為一(yi)沿北(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)西(xi)向延(yan)伸的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)大脊(ji)狀山(shan)(shan)嶺，是夾持于北(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)向斷裂(lie)帶間的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個巨大構造透(tou)鏡體組成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)壘(lei)式山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)，沿著北(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)向區域(yu)性(xing)大斷裂(lie)與其北(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)梵凈山(shan)(shan)及南(nan)(nan)西(xi)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)朱家山(shan)(shan)一(yi)脈相(xiang)承。山(shan)(shan)脊(ji)呈北(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)西(xi)向，長約35km，主(zhu)峰(feng)位于中(zhong)段，最(zui)(zui)高(gao)海(hai)拔(ba)1869.3m，向北(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)及南(nan)(nan)西(xi)兩側(ce)地(di)(di)勢迅速(su)降低(di)。山(shan)(shan)脈北(bei)(bei)(bei)西(xi)側(ce)為甘溪斷裂(lie)谷地(di)(di)，南(nan)(nan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)側(ce)為馬(ma)溪斷裂(lie)谷地(di)(di)，其最(zui)(zui)低(di)海(hai)拔(ba)分別為500m、780m。斷裂(lie)外側(ce)出露(lu)震旦系、寒武(wu)系地(di)(di)層，其巖(yan)(yan)(yan)性(xing)以碳酸鹽巖(yan)(yan)(yan)（白云巖(yan)(yan)(yan)）為主(zhu)，多(duo)形成(cheng)海(hai)拔(ba)1000m以下的(de)(de)(de)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)溶峰(feng)叢地(di)(di)形。從區域(yu)性(xing)總的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌特征上看，佛頂山(shan)(shan)為一(yi)聳立于廣大巖(yan)(yan)(yan)溶低(di)丘陵之上的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)大山(shan)(shan)體，氣勢雄(xiong)偉。

地質

佛(fo)頂山在大地構(gou)造(zao)上(shang)屬揚子準地臺(tai)，位于(yu)(yu)貴(gui)州東部十(shi)(shi)分醒目的(de)(de)(de)華夏(xia)系斷裂(lie)構(gou)造(zao)帶上(shang)。區內出露地層(ceng)為晚元古宇下(xia)(xia)江(jiang)群(qun)淺變(bian)(bian)質巖(yan)(yan)(yan)，自下(xia)(xia)而上(shang)分為番召組(zu)及清水江(jiang)組(zu)。佛(fo)頂山區出露的(de)(de)(de)晚元古宇淺變(bian)(bian)質巖(yan)(yan)(yan)，經(jing)受多次(ci)(ci)構(gou)造(zao)運動而輕度(du)變(bian)(bian)質，首(shou)先其巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石堅硬而易脆(cui)裂(lie)的(de)(de)(de)力學特(te)性(xing)，在構(gou)造(zao)應力作用(yong)下(xia)(xia)極(ji)(ji)易形成(cheng)大量的(de)(de)(de)破裂(lie)結構(gou)面(mian)，其次(ci)(ci)，晚近以來又受新構(gou)造(zao)應力的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)烈疊加(jia)，使巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石中斷裂(lie)隙發(fa)育且開啟程度(du)好，再(zai)次(ci)(ci)，淺變(bian)(bian)質巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石中含(han)大量的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)質礦物，暴露于(yu)(yu)地表極(ji)(ji)易發(fa)生物理和(he)化學風化，因此，淺變(bian)(bian)質巖(yan)(yan)(yan)構(gou)造(zao)—風化裂(lie)隙十(shi)(shi)分發(fa)育，加(jia)之(zhi)發(fa)育深厚的(de)(de)(de)殘(can)坡積物形成(cheng)了佛(fo)頂山獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)水文地質環境(jing)。

水文

佛頂山(shan)(shan)含水(shui)(shui)(shui)巖(yan)(yan)石劃分為松散巖(yan)(yan)土孔(kong)隙水(shui)(shui)(shui)及構造—風化網狀(zhuang)裂(lie)隙水(shui)(shui)(shui)兩種含水(shui)(shui)(shui)類型(xing)。松散巖(yan)(yan)土孔(kong)隙水(shui)(shui)(shui)巖(yan)(yan)石廣(guang)泛分布于(yu)山(shan)(shan)頂、山(shan)(shan)脊、山(shan)(shan)地剝夷面、山(shan)(shan)地斜坡及山(shan)(shan)麓地帶，一般均大于(yu)2m。構造—風化網狀(zhuang)裂(lie)隙水(shui)(shui)(shui)巖(yan)(yan)石含水(shui)(shui)(shui)帶的(de)(de)發育深度(du)一般為30~40m，在此以下的(de)(de)新鮮(xian)基巖(yan)(yan)則(ze)含水(shui)(shui)(shui)十分微弱(ruo)，為淺層地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)隔(ge)水(shui)(shui)(shui)底(di)板。

佛頂山地表水(shui)和地下水(shui)的化(hua)(hua)學性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)測定結果表明了該區(qu)水(shui)化(hua)(hua)學類(lei)型為HCO3—Ca及(ji)HCO3·SO4—Ca型水(shui)，水(shui)的礦化(hua)(hua)度(du)和硬度(du)極(ji)低，總硬度(du)（以CaCO3計）24.14~58.34mg/L，屬極(ji)軟水(shui)。pH為7.2~7.8，屬中偏堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)水(shui)。根據區(qu)域水(shui)化(hua)(hua)學資料(liao)(liao)對比，佛頂山與梵凈(jing)山、雷公(gong)山及(ji)朱家山淺變質(zhi)巖的水(shui)化(hua)(hua)學性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)十分相近(jin)，用生活飲用及(ji)保健飲料(liao)(liao)制品良(liang)好的來源，具有重(zhong)要的商業開(kai)發價值。

土壤

保護(hu)區土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)可劃分為(wei)4大(da)土(tu)(tu)(tu)綱，5個(ge)亞綱，6個(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)，6個(ge)亞類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)。在(zai)黃壤(rang)、黃棕(zong)壤(rang)、山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)矮林(lin)(lin)(lin)土(tu)(tu)(tu)、新積土(tu)(tu)(tu)、石質(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)粗骨土(tu)(tu)(tu)6個(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)中，以黃壤(rang)面積最大(da)，黃棕(zong)壤(rang)次之(zhi)，山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)暗(an)色(se)矮林(lin)(lin)(lin)土(tu)(tu)(tu)較少，而其它土(tu)(tu)(tu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)則更少。黃壤(rang)和(he)黃棕(zong)壤(rang)分布(bu)在(zai)整個(ge)保護(hu)區的所有(you)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區，其成(cheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)母巖(yan)為(wei)粉砂(sha)質(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)巖(yan)、變余凝灰(hui)巖(yan)、砂(sha)質(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)巖(yan)、變余砂(sha)巖(yan)及硅質(zhi)(zhi)絹(juan)云(yun)母板(ban)巖(yan)等。海拔1300米以下多為(wei)常(chang)綠(lv)闊葉林(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶的黃壤(rang)。海拔1300米以上多為(wei)常(chang)綠(lv)落(luo)葉闊葉混交林(lin)(lin)(lin)下的黃棕(zong)壤(rang)。山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)暗(an)色(se)矮林(lin)(lin)(lin)土(tu)(tu)(tu)、沖積土(tu)(tu)(tu)、石質(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)粗骨土(tu)(tu)(tu)四大(da)土(tu)(tu)(tu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)分布(bu)的規律(lv)性不強(qiang)。山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)暗(an)色(se)矮林(lin)(lin)(lin)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，分布(bu)在(zai)海拔1750米以上山(shan)(shan)上較平(ping)(ping)緩地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，主要分布(bu)區在(zai)佛頂山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)頂地(di)(di)(di)(di)區。而新積土(tu)(tu)(tu)主要分布(bu)在(zai)河流兩側平(ping)(ping)緩開(kai)闊處河漫灘(tan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，表層有(you)明顯近期薄層沉積層。粗骨土(tu)(tu)(tu)、石質(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)則分布(bu)在(zai)坡(po)度(du)較大(da)相對侵蝕容易的地(di)(di)(di)(di)形部位，如山(shan)(shan)脊陡坡(po)等地(di)(di)(di)(di)。各種成(cheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)母巖(yan)分布(bu)區均零(ling)星分布(bu)有(you)這些類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)。

區域范圍

核心區

核(he)心區(qu)東起棉花(hua)坡(po)后山(shan)脊，沿(yan)山(shan)脊南下經(jing)(jing)(jing)上(shang)(shang)庵坡(po)到(dao)(dao)張家灣，沿(yan)溪(xi)(xi)河由堯(yao)上(shang)(shang)對(dui)面(mian)到(dao)(dao)打杵(chu)巖(yan)；西部由冷水河經(jing)(jing)(jing)石蚌溝(gou)至陳家坡(po)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)子，沿(yan)主峰山(shan)脊北沿(yan)到(dao)(dao)酒茶樹梁(liang)(liang)(liang)子，沿(yan)山(shan)脊下到(dao)(dao)盧(lu)塘(tang)大溝(gou)；北由濫坳(ao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)四方堰到(dao)(dao)月明山(shan)，經(jing)(jing)(jing)高(gao)洞巖(yan)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)子到(dao)(dao)到(dao)(dao)老(lao)鷹(ying)巖(yan)，由盧(lu)塘(tang)坳(ao)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)子到(dao)(dao)牛路(lu)坪，經(jing)(jing)(jing)香子垱到(dao)(dao)棉花(hua)坡(po)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)子。涉(she)及佛頂山(shan)村(cun)、扶(fu)堰村(cun)、鋪溪(xi)(xi)村(cun)、甘溪(xi)(xi)村(cun)，面(mian)積(ji)(ji)5529hm2，占保護區(qu)總面(mian)積(ji)(ji)36.4%，全部為(wei)林業用(yong)地。在核(he)心區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)中，國有土地525hm2，集(ji)體土地5004hm2。核(he)心區(qu)已沒(mei)有居民分布

緩沖區

緩沖(chong)(chong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)是(shi)為有效保(bao)護(hu)核心區(qu)(qu)(qu)，在(zai)核心區(qu)(qu)(qu)外圍區(qu)(qu)(qu)劃出一(yi)定寬(kuan)度(du)的(de)森林(lin)和林(lin)地(di)地(di)帶區(qu)(qu)(qu)域，以減少(shao)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)周(zhou)邊林(lin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)生產(chan)經營活(huo)動對核心區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)影響。范(fan)圍包括(kuo)：群(qun)家(jia)山(shan)村(cun)的(de)上寨、水(shui)鹽井(jing)、雞冠嶺(ling)，鳳凰屯村(cun)的(de)西(xi)部(bu)，佛頂山(shan)村(cun)橫路、桐子(zi)坪(ping)、爛溝(gou)、黃坪(ping)溪、打楚巖(yan)、鼻子(zi)巖(yan)、楊(yang)家(jia)土、涼傘灣，甘溪村(cun)的(de)牛(niu)路坪(ping)、坳子(zi)上、山(shan)盆頭、姜(jiang)坡、李(li)家(jia)對門(men)、盧塘坳、板凳嶺(ling)，鋪溪村(cun)的(de)八人(ren)轎、白果坪(ping)、張家(jia)棚、高洞巖(yan)、四(si)方堰、濫坳等地(di)。緩沖(chong)(chong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)積4325hm2，占(zhan)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積28.4%。其中：林(lin)地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積3877.2hm2，非林(lin)地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積447.8hm2。在(zai)緩沖(chong)(chong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積中，國有土地(di)210hm2，集體土地(di)4115hm2。

實驗區

實驗(yan)(yan)區是(shi)位于(yu)緩沖區外圍(wei)的其他區域，面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)5346hm2，占保護區面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)35.2%。其中林(lin)地面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)4643.2hm2，非林(lin)地面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)702.8hm2。在實驗(yan)(yan)區面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)中，國有土(tu)地142.7hm2，集(ji)體土(tu)地5203.3hm2。

自然資源

植物資源

佛(fo)頂山區地帶性植(zhi)被為(wei)中(zhong)亞熱帶東部濕(shi)潤性常綠闊葉林，現已查明有(you)(you)野(ye)生植(zhi)物2392種。資源中(zhong)，列為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家珍稀、瀕危重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)物有(you)(you)16種，其中(zhong)屬國(guo)(guo)(guo)家一(yi)級保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)物有(you)(you)珙桐(tong)、柏(bo)樂(le)樹、紅(hong)豆杉(shan)、南方紅(hong)豆杉(shan)、和硬葉蔸蘭；二級保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)物11種，主要(yao)是(shi)柔毛油(you)杉(shan)、花(hua)(hua)櫚木(mu)(mu)、櫸木(mu)(mu)、傘(san)花(hua)(hua)木(mu)(mu)、鵝掌(zhang)揪、楠(nan)木(mu)(mu)、香果樹、水(shui)青樹、閩(min)南等(deng)(deng)(deng)。列入(ru)《國(guo)(guo)(guo)家重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護野(ye)生植(zhi)物名錄的(de)(de)(de)》有(you)(you)穗花(hua)(hua)杉(shan)、柔毛油(you)杉(shan)、閩(min)楠(nan)、金錢槭、白辛樹、傘(san)花(hua)(hua)木(mu)(mu)、銀鵲(que)樹、青檀、八(ba)角(jiao)蓮(lian)、天麻、珙桐(tong)、柏(bo)樂(le)樹、楠(nan)木(mu)(mu)、鵝掌(zhang)楸、厚樸、杜仲、水(shui)青樹、香果樹、木(mu)(mu)瓜紅(hong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)19種。被喻為(wei)“植(zhi)物活化石”的(de)(de)(de)珙桐(tong)、又名鴿子樹，有(you)(you)500多株(zhu)(zhu)，它是(shi)珙桐(tong)分(fen)布(bu)最為(wei)集中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)地區之一(yi)。佛(fo)頂山上(shang)一(yi)株(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)千(qian)年的(de)(de)(de)“杉(shan)木(mu)(mu)王(wang)”由于飽經滄(cang)桑，閱歷豐富，具有(you)(you)反應(ying)生境變化的(de)(de)(de)年輪，對(dui)研(yan)究古氣候、古地質、古植(zhi)被等(deng)(deng)(deng)都具有(you)(you)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)科考價值。

動物資源

佛頂(ding)山保(bao)護區(qu)內(nei)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資源(yuan)豐富(fu)，已鑒定(ding)命名的脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)與昆蟲(chong)共185科(ke)806種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)），國家重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)護野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)32種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，一級(ji)(ji)(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)豹、林麝，二級(ji)(ji)(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)獼猴、穿山甲、豺、青鼬、水(shui)獺(ta)、大靈貓、粞(xi)羚。有(you)鳥類(lei)(lei)143種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，約占(zhan)貴州(zhou)省鳥類(lei)(lei)總數的28.1%，隸(li)(li)屬(shu)于12目(mu)31科(ke)。列為(wei)國家一級(ji)(ji)(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)護野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)鳥類(lei)(lei)有(you)白頸長(chang)尾雉(zhi)(zhi)；列為(wei)國家二級(ji)(ji)(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)護野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)鳥類(lei)(lei)即鴛鴦、鳳(feng)(feng)頭隼(sun)、鳶，鳳(feng)(feng)頭鷹、雀鷹、松雀鷹、紅(hong)(hong)(hong)腳隼(sun)、紅(hong)(hong)(hong)隼(sun)、紅(hong)(hong)(hong)腹角雉(zhi)(zhi)、白冠長(chang)尾雉(zhi)(zhi)、紅(hong)(hong)(hong)腹錦雞、草號鳥、領(ling)(ling)角號鳥、毛(mao)腳魚(yu)號鳥、領(ling)(ling)鵂號鳥、灰林號鳥等17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。該區(qu)魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)資源(yuan)豐富(fu)，共有(you)37種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)(li)屬(shu)于4目(mu)9科(ke)31屬(shu)，以鯉形目(mu)為(wei)主。有(you)國家二級(ji)(ji)(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即胭脂(zhi)魚(yu)。經1985、1998年、2011年三次對(dui)該區(qu)爬行動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的調查(cha)，有(you)爬行動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)34種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)），隸(li)(li)屬(shu)3目(mu)8科(ke)25屬(shu)，占(zhan)貴州(zhou)爬行動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)總數的32.1%，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)毒蛇6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。兩棲爬行動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資源(yuan)豐富(fu)區(qu)，經整理(li)鑒定(ding)，共有(you)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)及亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)(li)屬(shu)2目(mu)7科(ke)14屬(shu)，國家二級(ji)(ji)(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)大鯢和虛紋蛙2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，在該區(qu)分布廣。查(cha)明昆蟲(chong)共計13目(mu)、108科(ke)、515種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)珍(zhen)稀(xi)昆蟲(chong)約4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分別(bie)為(wei)黃斑寬套(tao)大蜓、巨圓(yuan)臀大蜓、長(chang)直角沼(zhao)蠅(ying)、嬌雄蜂(feng)。