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基本介紹

幻紫斑(ban)蝶(die)是鱗翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)斑(ban)蝶(die)科的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)昆蟲。雄蝶(die)翅(chi)(chi)暗(an)褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)，基部(bu)(bu)較深，向(xiang)端部(bu)(bu)漸淺，藍色(se)(se)(se)光(guang)澤弱，前(qian)翅(chi)(chi)后(hou)緣向(xiang)外(wai)(wai)凸呈闊弧形(xing)，中(zhong)(zhong)室(shi)端部(bu)(bu)上(shang)和(he)下均有(you)(you)1個(ge)(ge)白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，近(jin)頂端1個(ge)(ge)不(bu)明顯，外(wai)(wai)緣白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)列不(bu)明顯，亞(ya)端部(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)5一(yi)6個(ge)(ge)白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，在CU2室(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)1個(ge)(ge)短的(de)(de)性標斑(ban)；后(hou)翅(chi)(chi)前(qian)緣灰(hui)白(bai)色(se)(se)(se)，外(wai)(wai)緣和(he)亞(ya)外(wai)(wai)緣白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)列不(bu)顯。翅(chi)(chi)反面棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)；前(qian)翅(chi)(chi)后(hou)緣灰(hui)白(bai)色(se)(se)(se)有(you)(you)光(guang)澤，中(zhong)(zhong)室(shi)內和(he)外(wai)(wai)各(ge)有(you)(you)1個(ge)(ge)白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；后(hou)翅(chi)(chi)外(wai)(wai)緣和(he)亞(ya)外(wai)(wai)緣各(ge)有(you)(you)1列白(bai)斑(ban)，中(zhong)(zhong)室(shi)內有(you)(you)1個(ge)(ge)白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，中(zhong)(zhong)室(shi)端部(bu)(bu)外(wai)(wai)附(fu)近(jin)有(you)(you)白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

幻紫斑蝶(die)是偏南方種類，它的翅面在(zai)陽光下會(hui)發出(chu)紫色熒光，這在(zai)美學上具有很高價值。該蝶(die)可取食(shi)夾(jia)竹(zhu)桃Neirum idnicum和小葉榕Ficus microphylla。

生長與分布

分布范圍

國內分布：廣東、廣西、海南(nan)、云(yun)南(nan)。

國(guo)外分布：印(yin)(yin)度、尼泊爾、錫(xi)會、緬(mian)甸、馬(ma)來西(xi)亞(ya)、印(yin)(yin)度尼西(xi)亞(ya)、菲律賓、斯里蘭卡等。

2022年(nian)6月，西(xi)藏自治區吉隆縣及(ji)周圍地區發現幻紫(zi)斑(ban)蝶指名亞種。

形態及特征

雄蝶翅(chi)(chi)暗(an)褐色(se)(se)，基部較深，向端(duan)部漸淺，藍色(se)(se)光澤(ze)弱，前翅(chi)(chi)后緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)向外(wai)凸呈闊弧(hu)形，中(zhong)(zhong)室端(duan)部上(shang)和(he)(he)下均有(you)(you)1個白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)，近頂端(duan)1個不明(ming)顯(xian)，外(wai)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)列(lie)不明(ming)顯(xian)，亞端(duan)部有(you)(you)5一6個白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)，在CU2室中(zhong)(zhong)部有(you)(you)1個短的性標(biao)斑；后翅(chi)(chi)前緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)灰白(bai)色(se)(se)，外(wai)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)亞外(wai)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)列(lie)不顯(xian)。翅(chi)(chi)反面棕色(se)(se)；前翅(chi)(chi)后緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)灰白(bai)色(se)(se)有(you)(you)光澤(ze)，中(zhong)(zhong)室內和(he)(he)外(wai)各有(you)(you)1個白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)；后翅(chi)(chi)外(wai)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)亞外(wai)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)各有(you)(you)1列(lie)白(bai)斑，中(zhong)(zhong)室內有(you)(you)1個白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)，中(zhong)(zhong)室端(duan)部外(wai)附(fu)近有(you)(you)白(bai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。

雄雌色彩斑紋基(ji)本(ben)相似，但(dan)雌蝶前翅后(hou)緣平直，無性(xing)標斑。

生活習性

幻(huan)紫斑蝶喜產(chan)卵(luan)于夾(jia)竹桃和小(xiao)葉(xie)榕的葉(xie)面上，散產(chan)。

初孵幼蟲從卵殼出來(lai)后(hou)，先(xian)取食卵殼，然后(hou)再取食夾竹(zhu)桃或小葉(xie)(xie)榕(rong)嫩葉(xie)(xie)。幼蟲一般從葉(xie)(xie)片邊緣開始取食，咬(yao)食成一個小圓孔。初孵幼蟲有(you)時會(hui)取食鄰處的卵。幼蟲集體飼(si)養有(you)自相殘(can)殺現象(xiang)。

蛹(yong)在羽化前變為淡黑色，半個小時(shi)(shi)內可以(yi)羽出。成蟲羽出后約(yue)1一(yi)2個小時(shi)(shi)才展翅完全(quan)，此時(shi)(shi)活動能(neng)力很強，可喂10%的蜜糖水補充營養。

幻紫斑蝶是以成(cheng)蟲越(yue)冬。在(zai)廣州地區，成(cheng)蟲在(zai)3月(yue)(yue)下旬(xun)至4月(yue)(yue)上旬(xun)開(kai)始活動(dong)，在(zai)6一(yi)10月(yue)(yue)份(fen)時歷期為23一(yi)30天(tian)，到(dao)11月(yue)(yue)下旬(xun)成(cheng)蟲不產卵，進人越(yue)冬狀態。每(mei)年6一(yi)8個(ge)世代。

寄主：夾竹桃Neirum idnicum和小(xiao)葉榕(rong)Ficus microphylla