唐古紅景天(tian)(Rhodiola tangutica (Maxim.) S. H. Fu),是景天(tian)科紅景天(tian)屬的(de)植(zhi)物(wu),為中國的(de)特有植(zhi)物(wu)。產四川、青海、甘(gan)肅、寧夏。
唐古紅(hong)景天生長于海拔2000-4700米的高山(shan)石縫(feng)中或(huo)近水(shui)邊。
唐古紅景天產自四川、青海(hai)、甘肅、寧夏。模(mo)式標(biao)本采自寧夏。與原變(bian)種的區別,花雌雄異株,葉狹(xia)線形。原變(bian)種產阿(a)爾(er)太(tai),我們(men)尚(shang)未(wei)采到類似標(biao)本。
多(duo)年(nian)生草本(ben)。主根(gen)粗長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),分枝(zhi);根(gen)頸沒有殘留老(lao)枝(zhi)莖,或有少數殘留,先(xian)(xian)端(duan)被三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)鱗片(pian)。雌雄(xiong)異株。雄(xiong)株花(hua)(hua)莖干后(hou)稻桿色(se)(se)或老(lao)后(hou)棕(zong)褐(he)色(se)(se),高(gao)10-17厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)徑1.5-2.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。葉(xie)線形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1-1.5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)不及1毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)端(duan)鈍(dun)(dun)漸(jian)尖(jian)(jian),無柄。花(hua)(hua)序緊(jin)密,傘房狀,花(hua)(hua)序下有苞葉(xie);萼片(pian)5,線狀長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2-3毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.5-0.6毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)端(duan)鈍(dun)(dun);花(hua)(hua)瓣(ban)(ban)5,干后(hou)似為(wei)粉紅色(se)(se),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)狀披(pi)針形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.8毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)端(duan)鈍(dun)(dun)漸(jian)尖(jian)(jian);雄(xiong)蕊10,對瓣(ban)(ban)的(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),在基部上1.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)著生,對萼的(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),鱗片(pian)5,四(si)方(fang)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)0.4毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)端(duan)有微缺;心皮5,狹披(pi)針形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),不育。雌株花(hua)(hua)莖果時高(gao)15-30厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)徑3毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),棕(zong)褐(he)色(se)(se)。葉(xie)線形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)8-13毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)1毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)端(duan)鈍(dun)(dun)漸(jian)尖(jian)(jian)。花(hua)(hua)序傘房狀,果時倒三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)寬(kuan)各5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);萼片(pian)5,線狀長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)3-3.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.5-0.7毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),鈍(dun)(dun);花(hua)(hua)瓣(ban)(ban)5,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)狀披(pi)針形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)1-1.2毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)端(duan)鈍(dun)(dun)漸(jian)尖(jian)(jian);鱗片(pian)5,橫(heng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)方(fang)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)0.5毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.7毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)(xian)端(duan)有微缺;蓇葖5,直(zhi)立,狹披(pi)針形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)達1厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),喙短,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)立或稍外彎(wan)。花(hua)(hua)期(qi)5-8月,果期(qi)8月。
醫藥:主軸藥用,有利肺、退燒之效(青海(hai))。
醫藥(yao):根、莖、花(hua)(紅(hong)景天):澀,寒。退(tui)燒,利(li)肺(fei)。用于肺(fei)熱咳喘(chuan),神經麻(ma)痹癥。
列入中國(guo)《國(guo)家二級保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物名錄》;列入《世界自然保(bao)護(hu)聯盟瀕危物種紅色名錄》(IUCN)——易(yi)危(VU)。
一般中國產定名名為(wei)Rhodiola algida (Ledeb.) Fisch. et Mey.的,編者(zhe)疑為(wei)本變種或(huo)其他種。