概述
陜南漢(han)江流域出現(xian)了一(yi)次大(da)范圍、高(gao)強度降水過程。降雨引起(qi)江漢(han)干支(zhi)流漲(zhang)水,漢(han)江安康水庫(ku)入(ru)庫(ku)洪(hong)峰(feng)達(da)到(dao)50年一(yi)遇,安康水庫(ku)迎來建庫(ku)后最大(da)入(ru)庫(ku)洪(hong)水。洪(hong)水過程峰(feng)高(gao)量大(da),安康水庫(ku)充分發揮大(da)型水庫(ku)攔洪(hong)、錯峰(feng)、削峰(feng)作用,取得了顯(xian)著(zhu)防洪(hong)減災效益。
科學調度發揮顯著防洪減災效益
按照省、市防(fang)(fang)指多次會(hui)商研(yan)究(jiu)的(de)調(diao)度方(fang)案,安(an)(an)康(kang)(kang)水(shui)庫在(zai)漲(zhang)水(shui)時(shi)(shi)提前預泄騰(teng)出(chu)防(fang)(fang)洪(hong)(hong)庫容、在(zai)洪(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)段控制下(xia)(xia)泄量,為下(xia)(xia)游(you)抗洪(hong)(hong)搶險救(jiu)災創造了有利條件。經初步分析(xi)計算,這次漢(han)江安(an)(an)康(kang)(kang)段特大洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)期間,通(tong)(tong)過(guo)對安(an)(an)康(kang)(kang)水(shui)庫及時(shi)(shi)、合理調(diao)度,實(shi)現了三個方(fang)面的(de)減災效果。一是(shi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)削峰(feng)(feng)(feng)調(diao)節將可(ke)能進入(ru)安(an)(an)康(kang)(kang)城(cheng)區河段的(de)25537秒立(li)米(mi)(mi)洪(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)量,削減至(zhi)19178秒立(li)米(mi)(mi),削峰(feng)(feng)(feng)6359秒立(li)米(mi)(mi),降低下(xia)(xia)游(you)安(an)(an)康(kang)(kang)站(zhan)(zhan)洪(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)位達3.9米(mi)(mi),避(bi)免了漢(han)江安(an)(an)康(kang)(kang)城(cheng)區南北(bei)兩岸(an)和下(xia)(xia)游(you)旬陽、白河縣城(cheng)發生慘重損(sun)失。二是(shi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)錯(cuo)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)調(diao)節將安(an)(an)康(kang)(kang)站(zhan)(zhan)最大洪(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)流(liu)量出(chu)現時(shi)(shi)間,由(you)18日(ri)18時(shi)(shi)推遲至(zhi)18日(ri)23時(shi)(shi),滯(zhi)后5小時(shi)(shi),為安(an)(an)康(kang)(kang)東壩片(pian)區3萬余名(ming)群眾全部安(an)(an)全撤離贏得寶貴(gui)時(shi)(shi)間。三是(shi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)水(shui)庫攔洪(hong)(hong)作用(yong)(yong)將洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)總量的(de)28.7%,近5.36億(yi)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)攔蓄在(zai)庫內,減小了進入(ru)下(xia)(xia)游(you)河道(dao)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)總量,有利于下(xia)(xia)游(you)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)平穩(wen)通(tong)(tong)過(guo),起(qi)到(dao)減少堤防(fang)(fang)臨洪(hong)(hong)壓力的(de)作用(yong)(yong)。
通過對安(an)康(kang)水(shui)庫的科(ke)學調度,優化了天然形態(tai)下的洪水(shui)形態(tai),給漢(han)江安(an)康(kang)段防洪搶險工(gong)作帶來了有效保(bao)障與轉變(bian),防洪減災作用顯著。
目前,水庫壩體穩定,運(yun)行(xing)良好。