簡介
光照水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)位于貴州(zhou)北盤江中游,是貴州(zhou)“西(xi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)東送”第二批“四水(shui)六(liu)火(huo)”電(dian)(dian)(dian)源點建(jian)設項目的大型水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工程。電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)裝(zhuang)機1040兆瓦千瓦,壩(ba)高(gao)200.5米,是目前已建(jian)碾壓混凝土(RCC)重力(li)壩(ba)中的世界第一高(gao)壩(ba)。從(cong)開工到竣工不到三年(nian)時間就建(jian)成200米級世界高(gao)壩(ba),不管在(zai)速(su)度上、質量上都重新改寫了RCC筑(zhu)(zhu)壩(ba)記錄,創造了國(guo)內(nei)筑(zhu)(zhu)壩(ba)的先(xian)進水(shui)平。
2012年10月25日,在西班牙(ya)召(zhao)開的第(di)六(liu)屆國際(ji)(ji)RCC大(da)壩會(hui)議上,中國水電十六(liu)局(ju)、四(si)局(ju)、七局(ju)等單位承(cheng)建的貴(gui)州(zhou)光照(zhao)水電站被授予國際(ji)(ji)RCC里程(cheng)碑獎(jiang)。這也(ye)是本次大(da)會(hui)上我(wo)國獲得(de)的唯一獎(jiang)項(xiang)。
工程介紹
光照水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)位(wei)于貴(gui)州(zhou)省(sheng)(sheng)晴隆縣與關嶺縣交界,是北盤(pan)江干(gan)(gan)流茅(mao)口以(yi)下(xia)梯(ti)(ti)級水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開(kai)發(fa)“一庫五級”的(de)(de)龍頭水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan),是貴(gui)州(zhou)省(sheng)(sheng)境內為數不多的(de)(de)具(ju)有(you)不完全多年(nian)調(diao)節(jie)(jie)性(xing)能的(de)(de)大(da)型(xing)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)點。設計安裝(zhuang)4臺單機(ji)容量26萬千(qian)(qian)瓦的(de)(de)混(hun)流式水(shui)(shui)輪(lun)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu),總裝(zhuang)機(ji)容量104萬千(qian)(qian)瓦,年(nian)均發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量27.54億千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi),是國家“西(xi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)東(dong)送”第二(er)批開(kai)工(gong)建(jian)設的(de)(de)重(zhong)點工(gong)程,總投資69.03億元人民幣。該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)在(zai)南方電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網中主(zhu)要(yao)承擔(dan)調(diao)峰(feng)、調(diao)頻、事(shi)故(gu)和(he)負荷備用,同時(shi)可以(yi)提高(gao)北盤(pan)江干(gan)(gan)流的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)能調(diao)節(jie)(jie)能力,增(zeng)加下(xia)游(you)梯(ti)(ti)級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效益。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)建(jian)設對于落實國家西(xi)部(bu)大(da)開(kai)發(fa)戰略和(he)西(xi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)東(dong)送、加快發(fa)展(zhan)清潔能源(yuan)和(he)可再生能源(yuan)戰略,變(bian)資源(yuan)優勢為經(jing)濟(ji)優勢,促進民族地區經(jing)濟(ji)和(he)社會(hui)發(fa)展(zhan)具(ju)有(you)重(zhong)大(da)意(yi)義。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)建(jian)成后,在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統中主(zhu)要(yao)承擔(dan)調(diao)峰(feng)、調(diao)頻、事(shi)故(gu)和(he)負荷備用,同時(shi)可以(yi)較大(da)幅度地提高(gao)北盤(pan)江干(gan)(gan)流的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)能調(diao)節(jie)(jie)能力,增(zeng)加下(xia)游(you)梯(ti)(ti)級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效益。
光照水電(dian)站工程于1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)進(jin)行(xing)初勘階段;1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)進(jin)入初設(she)階段;1995至1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)進(jin)入正式設(she)計(ji);2000年(nian)(nian)(nian),光照水電(dian)站建設(she)工程被正式列為(wei)(wei)國家(jia)"西電(dian)東(dong)送"的重點(dian)工程建設(she)項(xiang)目。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)開始前期施工準備,2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)大江截流(liu),2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)30日(ri)下閘蓄(xu)水。通過對碾(nian)壓(ya)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)筑壩(ba)技術研究,成功將常態混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)重力壩(ba)轉(zhuan)型為(wei)(wei)碾(nian)壓(ya)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)重力壩(ba),建成了200.5m高的世(shi)界級的碾(nian)壓(ya)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)重力壩(ba)。
光(guang)照水電(dian)站是北(bei)盤江(jiang)干流的第十個梯級電(dian)站,位(wei)于北(bei)盤江(jiang)中(zhong)游,光(guang)照小(xiao)河(he)(he)口上游約600m處的貴州省關嶺、晴隆兩縣屆河(he)(he)段內,控(kong)制流域面(mian)積13584平(ping)方公里(li)。地理位(wei)置為東經105°15′00″、北(bei)緯25°37′34″。壩址河(he)(he)谷為基本對稱的V型(xing)峽谷。岸坡自(zi)然坡度40°~50°。兩岸基巖裸露,復蓋層(ceng)零星(xing)分布,河(he)(he)床復蓋層(ceng)厚(hou)4~26.8m。
光(guang)照水電(dian)站是一個以發電(dian)為(wei)主(zhu),結(jie)合航運,兼顧灌溉(gai)、供水及其他綜合效益的多年調節性能(neng)水電(dian)工程(cheng)。通過電(dian)站對徑流的調節,可較大幅(fu)度提高(gao)北盤江(jiang)下游(you)(you)河道枯水期流量(liang),改善下游(you)(you)河道的航運條(tiao)件。水電(dian)站各(ge)特征(zheng)參(can)數如(ru)表所(suo)示。
截(jie)至2012年9月(yue)20日,光照(zhao)水電站(zhan)已實現安全運(yun)行1509天,投產以來累計發(fa)電88.5億千瓦時,大幅提高了(le)(le)北(bei)盤江干(gan)流的徑流調節能力,增加了(le)(le)下游梯級電站(zhan)效益,創造(zao)了(le)(le)良好的經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)效益和社會效益。光照(zhao)水電站(zhan)建設不僅創造(zao)直(zhi)接(jie)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)效益25.41億元,每(mei)年上交稅收(shou)8000多(duo)萬元,對全面(mian)提升(sheng)地方經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)社會發(fa)展(zhan)能力起到了(le)(le)舉(ju)足輕重(zhong)的作用。
這也是本次大會(hui)上我國(guo)獲得的(de)唯(wei)一獎項。