樞紐建筑
百色水(shui)(shui)利樞紐工程位于(yu)百色市(shi)上(shang)游22公里的(de)右江比較平(ping)直開闊的(de)“V”形斜向谷(gu)河(he)(he)段(duan)上(shang),河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)自北向南流。平(ping)水(shui)(shui)年(nian)河(he)(he)寬 4 5-110米(mi)(mi)(mi),水(shui)(shui)深0-12米(mi)(mi)(mi)。百色水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)壩址以上(shang)集雨(yu)面積1.96萬平(ping)方(fang)公里,多(duo)年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)流量263秒立(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi);年(nian)徑流量82.9億(yi)立(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。 水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)正常蓄水(shui)(shui)位228米(mi)(mi)(mi),相(xiang)應(ying)庫(ku)容48億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi);最高洪水(shui)(shui)位233.45米(mi)(mi)(mi),相(xiang)應(ying)總(zong)庫(ku)容56億(yi)立(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi);防洪限制水(shui)(shui)位214米(mi)(mi)(mi),防洪庫(ku)容16.4億(yi)立(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),死水(shui)(shui)位203米(mi)(mi)(mi),死庫(ku)容21.8億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi);水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)調(diao)(diao)節庫(ku)容26.2億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),屬(shu)不完全(quan)多(duo)年(nian)調(diao)(diao)節水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)。
樞紐主(zhu)(zhu)要建筑(zhu)物包括(kuo)碾壓混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)主(zhu)(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)一座(zuo),地下(xia)廠房(fang)一座(zuo)、副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)兩(liang)座(zuo)、通(tong)航建筑(zhu)物一座(zuo)。主(zhu)(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為(wei)全斷面碾壓混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高130米,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)長(chang)720 米,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)寬度10米,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高程234米。副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為(wei)39米的銀屯土(tu)(tu)石(shi)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)和26米的香(xiang)屯均質土(tu)(tu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),位于壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)址上(shang)游左(zuo)岸,距離壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)址約5Km。碾壓混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)主(zhu)(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)最大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高130m。地下(xia)廠房(fang)布置在(zai)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)址左(zuo)岸,裝(zhuang)機4×135MW,由進水(shui)渠、進水(shui)塔、引水(shui)隧洞(dong)、主(zhu)(zhu)廠房(fang)、主(zhu)(zhu)變(bian)室、尾水(shui)洞(dong)、交通(tong)洞(dong)及高壓出線洞(dong)等(deng)組成。其電主(zhu)(zhu)廠房(fang)總長(chang)147米,寬19.5米,高49米。
機(ji)組額定水(shui)頭88米,水(shui)輪(lun)機(ji)轉輪(lun)直(zhi)徑4.3米,額定轉速(su)166.7r/min,水(shui)輪(lun)機(ji)安裝(zhuang)高程(cheng)115.2米,總(zong)裝(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)540MW,年利用小時(shi)3150h,多年平均發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)17.01億千(qian)瓦時(shi),,枯(ku)水(shui)期保證出力12.3萬千(qian)瓦;調峰電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)占年發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)64%以上(shang);可緩解電(dian)(dian)(dian)網峰谷差(cha)矛(mao)(mao)盾(dun)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供需矛(mao)(mao)盾(dun)。另(ling)外,在(zai)水(shui)庫(ku)調蓄作用下(xia),將使(shi)下(xia)游九個梯(ti)(ti)級(ji)的(de)枯(ku)水(shui)期電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)增(zeng)加3.67億千(qian)瓦時(shi),其中已建的(de)西津、貴港、桂平三個梯(ti)(ti)級(ji)及同步建設的(de)那吉梯(ti)(ti)級(ji)將增(zeng)加枯(ku)水(shui)期電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)1.87億千(qian)瓦時(shi)。通航建筑物(wu)為垂直(zhi)升船(chuan)機(ji),其通航規模(mo)為2×3O0t級(ji)。工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)投資約60億元(yuan)人民幣(bi)。
百色工程電(dian)(dian)站建設總工期(qi)6年,單位(wei)(wei)千瓦投資9381元(yuan)/KW,單位(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)能投資2.98元(yuan)/KW·h,經(jing)濟內(nei)(nei)部(bu)收(shou)益(yi)率(lv)27.22%,財務內(nei)(nei)部(bu)收(shou)益(yi)率(lv)FIRR 4.73%;以還貸期(qi) 20年測(ce)算,電(dian)(dian)站上網電(dian)(dian)價為0.26元(yuan)/KW.h,具有(you)較強(qiang)的市場(chang)競爭力。
建設過程
工(gong)(gong)(gong)程建設期(qi)間的(de)項(xiang)目法人由水利部(bu)和廣西共同組建的(de)廣西右(you)江水利開(kai)發有限責任公司承擔,由其負責按照國家有關規定進(jin)行工(gong)(gong)(gong)程建設,并對工(gong)(gong)(gong)程質量與建設投(tou)資管理負責。 由于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程地(di)形(xing)、地(di)質條件復雜,壩高、庫大、地(di)下洞室群密(mi)集(ji),對勘察(cha)、設計(ji)都極具挑戰(zhan)性。通過我院近十年的(de)勘察(cha)、科研攻關及設計(ji)優化工(gong)(gong)(gong)作,解決了(le)大量工(gong)(gong)(gong)程技術難(nan)題(ti),拿出了(le)高水平、高質量的(de)勘測設計(ji)成(cheng)果。工(gong)(gong)(gong)程于(yu)2001年10月開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)建設,于(yu)2002年10月截流, 2006年10月竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。 ?
樞紐效益
發電
百(bai)色水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)站裝機容量達到(dao)54萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa),最大出(chu)力(li)58萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa),年利(li)用小時數(shu)為(wei)3150小時,多年平均發電(dian)(dian)量為(wei)17.01億度(du),枯(ku)水(shui)(shui)期保證出(chu)力(li)12.3萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa);水(shui)(shui)庫為(wei)不完(wan)全多年調節水(shui)(shui)庫,電(dian)(dian)站可承擔廣西電(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)調峰(feng)任務,枯(ku)水(shui)(shui)年調峰(feng)電(dian)(dian)量占電(dian)(dian)站年發電(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)64%以上,可以緩(huan)解電(dian)(dian)網(wang)峰(feng)谷差矛(mao)盾和(he)電(dian)(dian)力(li)供需(xu)矛(mao)盾。另外(wai),百(bai)色水(shui)(shui)庫建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)后,在它(ta)的(de)(de)調蓄作用下,將使下游九個梯(ti)級(ji)的(de)(de)枯(ku)水(shui)(shui)期電(dian)(dian)能增加3.67億度(du);其中已(yi)建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)西津、貴(gui)港、桂平三個梯(ti)級(ji)及同步建(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)那吉梯(ti)級(ji)將增加枯(ku)水(shui)(shui)期電(dian)(dian)能1.87億度(du)。它(ta)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)也會大大促進下游其余5個梯(ti)級(ji)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)進程。
灌溉
百色水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)建(jian)成(cheng)后,可(ke)為壩址下游的右江盆地農業(ye)灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)及(ji)下游沿岸(an)城鎮、工礦企業(ye)的生產、生活用水(shui)(shui)提供(gong)水(shui)(shui)質、水(shui)(shui)量(liang)、電量(liang)保證。可(ke)擴大和改(gai)善水(shui)(shui)田(tian)灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)面積(ji)15.61萬(wan)(wan)畝,增加丘陵(ling)地的水(shui)(shui)果灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)面積(ji)11萬(wan)(wan)畝,保證灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)面積(ji)增至(zhi)58. 4萬(wan)(wan)畝,擴大自流灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)約3400畝。
通航
南(nan)寧(ning)(ning)至百(bai)色河段(duan)(duan)現為六級(ji)航(hang)(hang)道(dao),目前只(zhi)能(neng)通(tong)航(hang)(hang)120噸(dun)級(ji)船(chuan)舶(bo),而且枯水(shui)期需減(jian)載運(yun)行,百(bai)色以上河段(duan)(duan)現無營運(yun)性通(tong)航(hang)(hang)。百(bai)色水(shui)利樞紐(niu)(niu)工程建(jian)成(cheng)后,經過(guo)枯水(shui)流(liu)量調節,并輔以航(hang)(hang)道(dao)整治,可使(shi)百(bai)色至田東(dong)(dong)河段(duan)(duan)通(tong)航(hang)(hang)300噸(dun)級(ji)船(chuan)舶(bo),達到五級(ji)航(hang)(hang)道(dao)標準(zhun);田東(dong)(dong)至南(nan)寧(ning)(ning)河段(duan)(duan)通(tong)航(hang)(hang)500噸(dun)級(ji)船(chuan)舶(bo),達到四級(ji)航(hang)(hang)道(dao)標準(zhun);同時渠化庫區上游原干(gan)流(liu)108公里。庫區形成(cheng)深水(shui)航(hang)(hang)道(dao)。樞紐(niu)(niu)二(er)期工程2 X 300 噸(dun)級(ji)通(tong)航(hang)(hang)過(guo)壩建(jian)筑(zhu)物興建(jian)后,就可以使(shi)滇東(dong)(dong)南(nan)地區連通(tong)廣西乃至出海的(de)運(yun)輸(shu)航(hang)(hang)道(dao),為發展右江(jiang)航(hang)(hang)運(yun)創造條件。
防洪
百色水利樞紐工(gong)程對(dui)提高廣西(xi)自治(zhi)區首府南寧市防洪標(biao)準,對(dui)促進(jin)廣西(xi)、云南經濟(ji)發(fa)展,帶動(dong)右江革(ge)命老區脫貧(pin)致(zhi)富,保(bao)障當地經濟(ji)社會的可持續(xu)發(fa)展具有重要意義(yi)。