樞紐建筑
百(bai)色水(shui)利(li)樞紐(niu)工程位于百(bai)色市上游22公里的右(you)江比較平(ping)直開闊的“V”形(xing)斜向谷河段上,河水(shui)自北向南流。平(ping)水(shui)年(nian)(nian)河寬(kuan) 4 5-110米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),水(shui)深(shen)0-12米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。百(bai)色水(shui)庫(ku)壩址以(yi)上集雨面積1.96萬平(ping)方公里,多年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均流量263秒立(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);年(nian)(nian)徑流量82.9億(yi)(yi)立(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。 水(shui)庫(ku)正常蓄水(shui)位228米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),相應(ying)庫(ku)容(rong)(rong)48億(yi)(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);最高洪水(shui)位233.45米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),相應(ying)總(zong)庫(ku)容(rong)(rong)56億(yi)(yi)立(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);防(fang)洪限(xian)制水(shui)位214米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),防(fang)洪庫(ku)容(rong)(rong)16.4億(yi)(yi)立(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),死水(shui)位203米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),死庫(ku)容(rong)(rong)21.8億(yi)(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);水(shui)庫(ku)調(diao)節(jie)庫(ku)容(rong)(rong)26.2億(yi)(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),屬不(bu)完全多年(nian)(nian)調(diao)節(jie)水(shui)庫(ku)。
樞紐主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要建筑物包括碾(nian)壓(ya)(ya)混凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)一座,地(di)下(xia)廠(chang)房(fang)一座、副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)兩座、通(tong)航建筑物一座。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為全斷面碾(nian)壓(ya)(ya)混凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)130米(mi)(mi),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)長(chang)720 米(mi)(mi),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)寬(kuan)度10米(mi)(mi),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高(gao)程234米(mi)(mi)。副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為39米(mi)(mi)的銀屯(tun)土(tu)石(shi)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)和26米(mi)(mi)的香屯(tun)均(jun)質土(tu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),位于(yu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)址上(shang)游(you)左岸,距(ju)離壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)址約5Km。碾(nian)壓(ya)(ya)混凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)最大(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)130m。地(di)下(xia)廠(chang)房(fang)布(bu)置在壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)址左岸,裝機4×135MW,由進水渠、進水塔、引(yin)水隧洞(dong)、主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)廠(chang)房(fang)、主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)變(bian)室、尾水洞(dong)、交通(tong)洞(dong)及高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)出線洞(dong)等組成。其電主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)廠(chang)房(fang)總長(chang)147米(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)19.5米(mi)(mi),高(gao)49米(mi)(mi)。
機(ji)組(zu)額(e)(e)定水(shui)頭88米(mi),水(shui)輪機(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)輪直(zhi)徑4.3米(mi),額(e)(e)定轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速166.7r/min,水(shui)輪機(ji)安裝高(gao)程115.2米(mi),總裝機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)540MW,年利(li)用(yong)小時(shi)(shi)3150h,多(duo)年平(ping)均發(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)17.01億千瓦時(shi)(shi),,枯水(shui)期保(bao)證出力12.3萬千瓦;調峰(feng)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)占(zhan)年發(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)(de)64%以上;可緩解電(dian)(dian)網(wang)峰(feng)谷(gu)差矛(mao)盾(dun)和電(dian)(dian)力供需矛(mao)盾(dun)。另外,在水(shui)庫調蓄作用(yong)下(xia),將使下(xia)游九個梯(ti)級的(de)(de)枯水(shui)期電(dian)(dian)能增加3.67億千瓦時(shi)(shi),其(qi)中(zhong)已建的(de)(de)西津、貴港、桂平(ping)三(san)個梯(ti)級及(ji)同步建設的(de)(de)那吉梯(ti)級將增加枯水(shui)期電(dian)(dian)能1.87億千瓦時(shi)(shi)。通航建筑物為垂直(zhi)升船機(ji),其(qi)通航規(gui)模為2×3O0t級。工程總投資(zi)約(yue)60億元人民幣。
百色工(gong)程電(dian)站建(jian)設總工(gong)期6年,單位(wei)千瓦投資(zi)9381元(yuan)/KW,單位(wei)電(dian)能投資(zi)2.98元(yuan)/KW·h,經濟內(nei)部收(shou)益(yi)(yi)率27.22%,財務內(nei)部收(shou)益(yi)(yi)率FIRR 4.73%;以還貸期 20年測(ce)算(suan),電(dian)站上網電(dian)價為0.26元(yuan)/KW.h,具有(you)較(jiao)強(qiang)的市(shi)場競(jing)爭力。
建設過程
工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設(she)期間的項(xiang)目法人(ren)由(you)(you)水利(li)部和廣(guang)西(xi)共同組建(jian)的廣(guang)西(xi)右江水利(li)開發(fa)有限責(ze)任公(gong)司承(cheng)擔,由(you)(you)其負責(ze)按照國家有關規定進行工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設(she),并對工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量與建(jian)設(she)投資管理負責(ze)。 由(you)(you)于工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)地(di)形(xing)、地(di)質(zhi)條件復雜,壩高、庫大(da)、地(di)下洞室(shi)群密集(ji),對勘察、設(she)計都(dou)極具(ju)挑戰性。通過我院近十(shi)年(nian)(nian)的勘察、科(ke)研攻關及設(she)計優(you)化工(gong)作,解決了大(da)量工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)技術難題,拿出了高水平、高質(zhi)量的勘測設(she)計成果。工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)于2001年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)開工(gong)建(jian)設(she),于2002年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)截流, 2006年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)竣工(gong)。 ?
樞紐效益
發電
百色水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)裝(zhuang)機容量(liang)達到54萬千(qian)(qian)瓦,最大(da)出力58萬千(qian)(qian)瓦,年利(li)用(yong)小時數為(wei)(wei)3150小時,多(duo)年平均(jun)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)17.01億(yi)(yi)度,枯(ku)水(shui)(shui)(shui)期保證出力12.3萬千(qian)(qian)瓦;水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)為(wei)(wei)不(bu)完(wan)全多(duo)年調(diao)(diao)節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)可承擔廣(guang)西(xi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)部分調(diao)(diao)峰任(ren)務,枯(ku)水(shui)(shui)(shui)年調(diao)(diao)峰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)占電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)年發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)64%以(yi)上,可以(yi)緩解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網峰谷差矛盾和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力供需矛盾。另外(wai),百色水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)建(jian)成(cheng)后,在(zai)它的(de)調(diao)(diao)蓄作用(yong)下(xia),將(jiang)使下(xia)游九個梯(ti)級(ji)(ji)的(de)枯(ku)水(shui)(shui)(shui)期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能增加3.67億(yi)(yi)度;其中已(yi)建(jian)的(de)西(xi)津(jin)、貴港、桂平三個梯(ti)級(ji)(ji)及同步建(jian)設的(de)那吉(ji)梯(ti)級(ji)(ji)將(jiang)增加枯(ku)水(shui)(shui)(shui)期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能1.87億(yi)(yi)度。它的(de)建(jian)成(cheng)也會大(da)大(da)促進下(xia)游其余5個梯(ti)級(ji)(ji)的(de)建(jian)設進程。
灌溉
百色水(shui)(shui)庫建成后,可為壩址下游的(de)右江盆地農業(ye)灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)及下游沿岸城鎮、工礦企業(ye)的(de)生產(chan)、生活用(yong)水(shui)(shui)提供水(shui)(shui)質、水(shui)(shui)量(liang)、電(dian)量(liang)保(bao)證(zheng)。可擴大和(he)改善水(shui)(shui)田(tian)灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)面積(ji)15.61萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),增加丘(qiu)陵地的(de)水(shui)(shui)果(guo)灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)面積(ji)11萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),保(bao)證(zheng)灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)面積(ji)增至58. 4萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),擴大自流灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)約3400畝(mu)(mu)。
通航
南(nan)寧(ning)至(zhi)百(bai)色(se)(se)(se)河(he)段(duan)現(xian)為六級(ji)航(hang)(hang)道,目前只(zhi)能(neng)通(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)120噸(dun)(dun)級(ji)船(chuan)舶,而且枯(ku)水期需減載運(yun)(yun)行,百(bai)色(se)(se)(se)以上河(he)段(duan)現(xian)無營運(yun)(yun)性(xing)通(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)。百(bai)色(se)(se)(se)水利樞紐(niu)工程建成(cheng)(cheng)后,經過(guo)(guo)枯(ku)水流(liu)量調節,并輔以航(hang)(hang)道整治,可(ke)使百(bai)色(se)(se)(se)至(zhi)田東河(he)段(duan)通(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)300噸(dun)(dun)級(ji)船(chuan)舶,達到五級(ji)航(hang)(hang)道標(biao)準(zhun);田東至(zhi)南(nan)寧(ning)河(he)段(duan)通(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)500噸(dun)(dun)級(ji)船(chuan)舶,達到四級(ji)航(hang)(hang)道標(biao)準(zhun);同時渠化庫區上游原干流(liu)108公里。庫區形成(cheng)(cheng)深水航(hang)(hang)道。樞紐(niu)二期工程2 X 300 噸(dun)(dun)級(ji)通(tong)(tong)航(hang)(hang)過(guo)(guo)壩(ba)建筑物興建后,就可(ke)以使滇東南(nan)地區連(lian)通(tong)(tong)廣西乃至(zhi)出海(hai)的(de)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)航(hang)(hang)道,為發展右江航(hang)(hang)運(yun)(yun)創造條件。
防洪
百(bai)色(se)水利樞紐工程對提高(gao)廣(guang)西(xi)自治區首(shou)府南寧(ning)市防洪標準,對促進廣(guang)西(xi)、云南經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan),帶動(dong)右江革命老(lao)區脫貧致富,保障(zhang)當地經(jing)濟(ji)社會的可持續發(fa)展(zhan)具有(you)重要意義。