藏波羅花(hua)(Incarvillea younghusbandii Sprague)是紫(zi)葳科角蒿屬的矮小宿(su)根(gen)草(cao)本(ben)植物,無(wu)莖;根(gen)肉質,粗壯;葉(xie)(xie)基生,平鋪(pu)于地上,為1回羽狀復葉(xie)(xie);頂端小葉(xie)(xie)卵(luan)圓形(xing)(xing)至圓形(xing)(xing),較(jiao)大(da),頂端圓或(huo)鈍(dun),基部(bu)心形(xing)(xing),側生小葉(xie)(xie)2~5對,卵(luan)狀橢圓形(xing)(xing),粗糙,具泡狀隆起,有鈍(dun)齒,近無(wu)柄;花(hua)單生或(huo)3~6朵著生于葉(xie)(xie)腋(ye)中抽出縮(suo)短(duan)的總梗上;花(hua)萼鐘狀,無(wu)毛,萼齒;花(hua)冠細長,漏(lou)斗狀,花(hua)冠筒橘黃色,花(hua)冠裂片開展,圓形(xing)(xing);蒴果近于木質,彎曲或(huo)新月(yue)形(xing)(xing),具四棱;花(hua)期5~8月(yue);果期8~10月(yue)。
藏波羅花(hua)分(fen)布(bu)于(yu)中(zhong)國青海、西藏,在尼泊爾也(ye)有分(fen)布(bu),生于(yu)高山沙質草甸及山坡(po)礫(li)石(shi)墊狀灌叢中(zhong),海拔4000~5000米。藏波羅花(hua)喜(xi)光(guang),耐寒,耐貧瘠。采用(yong)種子繁(fan)殖。
藏(zang)波(bo)羅花根可入藥,性溫、味(wei)甘,有滋(zi)補強壯的(de)功效,可治產后少乳、久病虛弱、頭暈、貧血。藏(zang)波(bo)羅花也是(shi)一種有較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)觀賞性的(de)高山花卉。
該(gai)種極(ji)近(jin)雞肉參,但植株矮小,小葉粗(cu)糙,具泡狀隆起,1-3(-6)枚貼生(sheng)于地面上,花(hua)梗(geng)長1-3厘(li)米(mi),花(hua)冠管細(xi)長,蒴果極(ji)彎曲,易于區別。
分(fen)布于青(qing)海(hai)、西藏(zang)(拉薩、那曲、班戈、索縣、比(bi)如、仲巴、加里(li)、錯那、普蘭、定結、聶拉木(mu)、定日、改(gai)則(ze))。在尼泊爾(er)也有分(fen)布。藏(zang)波(bo)羅(luo)花喜光,耐寒,耐貧瘠。
藏波羅花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是紫(zi)葳科角(jiao)蒿屬的(de)(de)(de)矮小(xiao)宿根草本(ben)植物(wu),高10-20厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),無莖。根肉質(zhi),粗(cu)壯;粗(cu)6-11毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。葉基(ji)生,平鋪于(yu)地上(shang),為1回羽狀(zhuang)(zhuang)復葉;葉軸長(chang)約3-4厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);頂(ding)端小(xiao)葉卵圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)至(zhi)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),較大(da),長(chang)及寬為3-5(-7)厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),頂(ding)端圓(yuan)(yuan)或(huo)鈍,基(ji)部心形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),側生小(xiao)葉2-5對,卵狀(zhuang)(zhuang)橢圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)1-2厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬約1厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),粗(cu)糙,具泡狀(zhuang)(zhuang)隆起,有鈍齒(chi),近無柄。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)單(dan)生或(huo)3-6朵著生于(yu)葉腋中(zhong)抽出縮(suo)短(duan)的(de)(de)(de)總(zong)梗上(shang);花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)梗長(chang)6-9毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)萼(e)鐘狀(zhuang)(zhuang),無毛(mao),長(chang)8-12毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),口部直徑(jing)約4毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),萼(e)齒(chi)5,不等大(da),平滑,長(chang)約5-7毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)冠(guan)細(xi)長(chang),漏斗狀(zhuang)(zhuang),長(chang)4-5(-7)厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),基(ji)部直徑(jing)3毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),中(zhong)部直徑(jing)8毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)冠(guan)筒桔黃色(se)(se),花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)冠(guan)裂片(pian)開(kai)(kai)展,圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)尊(zun)鐘狀(zhuang)(zhuang),無毛(mao),尊(zun)齒(chi)5雄(xiong)蕊(rui)4,著生于(yu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)冠(guan)筒基(ji)部,2強,花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)藥丁(ding)字形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)著生,在藥隔(ge)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)部有一針(zhen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)距,長(chang)約1毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),膜(mo)質(zhi),藥室縱向(xiang)開(kai)(kai)裂。雌蕊(rui)的(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)柱(zhu)由花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)藥抱合,并遠伸出于(yu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)冠(guan)之外,長(chang)約4厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),柱(zhu)頭(tou)扇形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),薄(bo)膜(mo)狀(zhuang)(zhuang),2片(pian)開(kai)(kai)裂,子(zi)(zi)房2室,棒(bang)狀(zhuang)(zhuang),胚珠(zhu)在每一胎(tai)座(zuo)上(shang)1-2列。蒴果(guo)近于(yu)木(mu)質(zhi),彎曲或(huo)新月形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)3-4.5厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),具四棱,頂(ding)端銳尖,淡(dan)褐色(se)(se),2瓣開(kai)(kai)裂。種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)2列,橢圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)5毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬2.5毫(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),下面(mian)凸起,上(shang)面(mian)凹入,近黑色(se)(se),具不明顯細(xi)齒(chi)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)周翅(chi)及鱗片(pian)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)期5-8月,果(guo)期8-10月。
采用種子繁殖。
藏(zang)波羅花也是(shi)一種有較好的觀賞性的高山花卉。
藏波羅花根可(ke)入藥,性味溫甘淡,有(you)滋補強壯的功效,可(ke)治產后少乳、久病虛弱(ruo)、頭(tou)暈、貧血。