燕州(zhou)城(cheng)(cheng)原稱白巖(yan)城(cheng)(cheng),是東晉元(yuan)興(xing)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)403年(nian)(nian))所建(jian)。唐代(dai)改稱巖(yan)州(zhou)城(cheng)(cheng),也(ye)稱燕州(zhou)城(cheng)(cheng)。
燕州城周(zhou)長2500米,依山而建,地勢險要。南面(mian)為陡崖(ya)峭壁,崖(ya)下(xia)太子河水(shui)依壁而過。西、北、東三面(mian)筑有石城。城內制高點上(shang)建有指揮臺,四周(zhou)筑有長45米、寬35米的內城。站(zhan)在(zai)指揮臺上(shang),全城內外的景致盡收眼底。
該城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隨山就勢而(er)建(jian),東高(gao)西低,東、西、北(bei)三面用(yong)大(da)石塊砌成城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang),南側臨河,全城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)周長2500米(mi)。北(bei)部(bu)墻(qiang)外坡(po)勢較(jiao)緩,為利于防(fang)守,此段(duan)不但城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)高(gao)聳,而(er)且還(huan)修有突出墻(qiang)體的馬面建(jian)筑(zhu)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內制高(gao)點建(jian)一方形指(zhi)揮臺,俗稱(cheng)點將(jiang)臺,高(gao)約8米(mi),周圍有墻(qiang),稱(cheng)內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。站在(zai)臺上,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內外景(jing)物盡收眼底。該山城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)筑(zhu)成材料為就地(di)取材,多用(yong)青色(se)“楔形石”砌筑(zhu),石材皆經走斧,砌工(gong)精細(xi),大(da)頭向外,尖端向里(li),墻(qiang)心內部(bu)用(yong)石條橫壓。
2013年(nian)5月,被(bei)國(guo)務院核定(ding)公布(bu)為第七批全國(guo)重點文物保護單位。