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新四軍(jun)軍(jun)部暨華(hua)東軍(jun)區、華(hua)東野戰軍(jun)誕(dan)生地舊址
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票數:0 #人文景觀建筑#
新四軍軍部舊址暨華東軍區華東野戰軍誕生地紀念館,位于臨沂市河東區九曲街道前河灣村,緊靠濱河大道,距市中心5公里,是新四軍歷史上一個軍部,同時也是華東野戰軍誕生地。臨沂市河東區九曲街道辦事處前河灣村新四軍軍部舊址是新四軍歷史上一個軍部駐地,是華東軍區、華東野戰軍誕生地,在中國革命戰爭史上具有重大的歷史價值。
  • 所在地/隸屬: 山(shan)東省臨沂(yi)市河東區九曲街道前河灣村
  • 文物保護單位: 國家(jia)第七(qi)批(1946-1947年)
介紹攻略

新四軍軍部

臨(lin)沂(yi)市河(he)(he)東(dong)(dong)區(qu)(qu)九曲街道辦事處前(qian)(qian)河(he)(he)灣村(cun)新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)舊(jiu)(jiu)址(zhi)是新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)歷(li)史上一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)駐地,是華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)野(ye)戰軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)誕(dan)生地,在(zai)中(zhong)國革(ge)命(ming)戰爭史上具有重大的歷(li)史價值。1946年(nian)6月至1947年(nian)2月,新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)設于此(ci),陳毅(yi)同、粟(su)裕及張云逸(yi)等老一(yi)(yi)輩無產(chan)階級(ji)革(ge)命(ming)家住在(zai)該村(cun),在(zai)此(ci)指(zhi)揮了(le)著名的宿(su)北(bei)戰役、魯南戰役、臨(lin)沂(yi)阻擊戰,制定(ding)了(le)萊蕪(wu)戰役的作戰計劃(hua)和策略,召開了(le)華(hua)(hua)(hua)野(ye)前(qian)(qian)委(wei)擴大會議(yi),并(bing)(bing)鎮壓了(le)叛匪郝鵬舉。1947年(nian)1月,遵照(zhao)(zhao)黨中(zhong)央(yang)、中(zhong)央(yang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)的指(zhi)示(shi),華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)野(ye)戰軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)在(zai)前(qian)(qian)河(he)(he)灣村(cun)組建完成(cheng),至此(ci)新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)完成(cheng)了(le)其光榮的歷(li)史使命(ming),前(qian)(qian)河(he)(he)灣村(cun)也由此(ci)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)駐地和華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)野(ye)戰軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)誕(dan)生地。1947年(nian)2月,我(wo)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)撤出后,敵機(ji)對其進行了(le)轟(hong)炸,房(fang)屋大部(bu)(bu)(bu)分被(bei)毀。2004年(nian),河(he)(he)灣村(cun)新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)舊(jiu)(jiu)址(zhi)暨華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)野(ye)戰軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)誕(dan)生地被(bei)確定(ding)為(wei)(wei)沂(yi)蒙精神(shen)教育基地,成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)臨(lin)沂(yi)市紅色(se)旅(lv)游(you)專線(xian)的重要(yao)景點(dian)之一(yi)(yi)。2005年(nian),新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)舊(jiu)(jiu)址(zhi)被(bei)確定(ding)為(wei)(wei)省(sheng)級(ji)重點(dian)文物保護單位,并(bing)(bing)被(bei)臨(lin)沂(yi)市列為(wei)(wei)創建國家歷(li)史文化名城的七大重點(dian)項目(mu)之一(yi)(yi),2005年(nian)8月,臨(lin)沂(yi)市按照(zhao)(zhao)“修舊(jiu)(jiu)如(ru)舊(jiu)(jiu)”的原則對軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)舊(jiu)(jiu)址(zhi)進行了(le)重新(xin)(xin)修復,日前(qian)(qian),新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)舊(jiu)(jiu)址(zhi)已(yi)對社會開放。

為更(geng)真實、更(geng)準(zhun)確地拓展展陳內(nei)容,提供(gong)更(geng)豐(feng)富的歷史(shi)(shi)素(su)材(cai),臨(lin)沂市各(ge)級文化部門組(zu)織工作(zuo)人員走街串巷(xiang),進(jin)家入戶,通(tong)過座(zuo)談了解、實地察(cha)看等形(xing)式,對新四軍(jun)1946至1947年(nian)在臨(lin)沂河東區的革命(ming)歷史(shi)(shi)史(shi)(shi)料和有關的革命(ming)文物進(jin)行了搶救性征集。

新四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)部舊(jiu)址暨華(hua)東軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)華(hua)東野戰(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)誕生地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)修復及開(kai)館(guan),又為(wei)(wei)人們(men)提供了一處愛國主(zhu)義教育(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)和(he)紅(hong)色旅游景點(dian)(dian),對于加強革(ge)命傳統教育(yu)和(he)沂蒙精(jing)神教育(yu),必將(jiang)產生積極的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。計(ji)劃(hua)中(zhong)的(de)(de)二期工(gong)程規劃(hua)建設將(jiang)以(yi)(yi)修復建成的(de)(de)新四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)部舊(jiu)址暨華(hua)東軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)華(hua)東野戰(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)誕生地(di)(di)(di)紀念(nian)館(guan)為(wei)(wei)依托,以(yi)(yi)鐵軍(jun)(jun)(jun)洪(hong)流、魚水情深為(wei)(wei)形象(xiang)定(ding)位(wei),以(yi)(yi)經典的(de)(de)紅(hong)色社(she)區(qu)、場景化的(de)(de)革(ge)命紀念(nian)地(di)(di)(di)、軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事文化展示地(di)(di)(di)、革(ge)命生活體(ti)驗地(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)功能定(ding)位(wei),以(yi)(yi)新四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)史、革(ge)命時期的(de)(de)文化生活以(yi)(yi)及鄉村民(min)俗為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)內容進行空間規劃(hua)與設計(ji)。擬修復建設擁軍(jun)(jun)(jun)支前街(jie)(jie)、新四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)部街(jie)(jie)和(he)紅(hong)色保障街(jie)(jie)三(san)條特色街(jie)(jie)道及大小(xiao)景點(dian)(dian)30多個。

臨沂新四軍軍部舊址暨華(hua)東軍區華(hua)東野戰軍誕生地二期(qi)工程建成后(hou),將打(da)造成山東省經典的紅色(se)旅游社區,建設成綜合(he)性的旅游目的地。

華東軍區

華東軍(jun)區是解放戰爭時期和中華人(ren)(ren)民(min)共和國(guo)成立(li)初(chu)期,中國(guo)人(ren)(ren)民(min)解放軍(jun)的大(da)軍(jun)區之一,領導和指揮華東地區所屬(shu)的人(ren)(ren)民(min)武裝力量。

抗日戰爭(zheng)轉入大反攻后,遵照中(zhong)共中(zhong)央軍(jun)委(wei)指示,八路軍(jun)山(shan)東(dong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)機關和部(bu)隊大部(bu)進(jin)軍(jun)東(dong)北,新四(si)軍(jun)軍(jun)部(bu)率一部(bu)分主(zhu)力由華(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)北移山(shan)東(dong)。留在(zai)華(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)地(di)區(qu)(qu)堅持斗爭(zheng)的新四(si)軍(jun)部(bu)隊于1945年(nian)10~11月成立華(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)和華(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)野戰軍(jun)。華(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)由張鼎丞任(ren)司令(ling)員(yuan),鄧(deng)子恢任(ren)政治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan),粟裕(yu)、張愛(ai)萍任(ren)副司令(ling)員(yuan),譚(tan)震林任(ren)副政治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)兼(jian)政治(zhi)(zhi)部(bu)主(zhu)任(ren)。

1946年(nian)1月,北移山東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的新四軍與山東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軍區合并,組成(cheng)新四軍兼山東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軍區和(he)山東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)野(ye)戰(zhan)軍。山東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軍區由新四軍軍長(chang)陳(chen)毅(yi)、政(zheng)治(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)饒漱石分別兼任(ren)司(si)(si)令(ling)員(yuan)、政(zheng)治(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan),副(fu)軍長(chang)張(zhang)云逸兼任(ren)副(fu)司(si)(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(后羅炳輝任(ren)軍長(chang)兼第二副(fu)司(si)(si)令(ling)員(yuan)),黎玉任(ren)山東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軍區副(fu)政(zheng)治(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)兼新四軍副(fu)政(zheng)治(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan),陳(chen)士榘任(ren)參謀(mou)長(chang),舒同任(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)部(bu)主(zhu)任(ren),統(tong)一領導山東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、華中地區的軍事(shi)斗爭。

1947年2月(yue)初,華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)地(di)區(qu)(qu)的人民解(jie)放軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)統(tong)一整編,撤銷新四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)兼山東(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)、山東(dong)(dong)(dong)野戰(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)和華(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)野戰(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)番(fan)號,成立華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)和華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)野戰(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)由(you)陳毅任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),饒漱石任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan),張(zhang)(zhang)云逸任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)副司(si)(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),黎(li)玉任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)副政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan),陳士榘任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)參(can)謀長,舒同任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)部主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),袁仲賢、周駿鳴任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)副參(can)謀長,唐亮(liang)、張(zhang)(zhang)凱任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)部副主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。下轄渤(bo)海軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(袁也烈任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),景(jing)曉村任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan))、膠(jiao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(許世(shi)友任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),林浩任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan))、魯(lu)中(zhong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(王建(jian)(jian)安任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),向明(ming)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan))、魯(lu)南軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(張(zhang)(zhang)光中(zhong)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),傅秋濤(tao)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan))、蘇中(zhong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)野戰(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)11縱(zong)隊兼,管文蔚任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),姬鵬飛任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan))、蘇北軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(第(di)12縱(zong)隊兼,陳慶先任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),曹(cao)獲(huo)秋任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan))和東(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)縱(zong)隊(后擴編為兩(liang)廣縱(zong)隊,歸華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)野戰(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)建(jian)(jian)制)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)大學等(deng)(deng),共約36萬人。2—5月(yue),華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)部隊配合華(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)(dong)野戰(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)進行了(le)萊蕪、泰(tai)蒙(meng)、孟良崮等(deng)(deng)戰(zhan)役。

1948年初,華東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)部(bu)隊進行以“訴苦”(訴舊社會和反(fan)動(dong)派(pai)給予(yu)勞(lao)動(dong)人(ren)民之苦)、“三查”(查階級、查工作、查斗志)為(wei)主要內容(rong)的(de)(de)新式整軍(jun)(jun)(jun)運動(dong)。3月(yue),蘇北、蘇中軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)合(he)并組(zu)成(cheng)新的(de)(de)蘇北軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu),管文蔚任司令(ling)員,陳丕(pi)顯任政(zheng)治(zhi)委員。5月(yue)29日,淮(huai)(huai)(huai)南(nan)(nan)、淮(huai)(huai)(huai)北軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)合(he)并組(zu)成(cheng)江淮(huai)(huai)(huai)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu),陳慶先任司令(ling)員,曹獲秋(qiu)(qiu)任政(zheng)治(zhi)委員。7月(yue)下旬,魯中、魯南(nan)(nan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)合(he)并組(zu)成(cheng)魯中南(nan)(nan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu),傅秋(qiu)(qiu)濤任司令(ling)員,康(kang)生任政(zheng)治(zhi)委員。9月(yue)至年底,軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)部(bu)隊配合(he)野戰(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)進行濟南(nan)(nan)戰(zhan)役、淮(huai)(huai)(huai)海戰(zhan)役。

1949年2月(yue),華(hua)東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)機(ji)關(guan)離(li)開山(shan)東(dong)隨第(di)三(san)野(ye)戰軍(jun)(jun)(由華(hua)東(dong)野(ye)戰軍(jun)(jun)改(gai)稱)南(nan)下,中共中央軍(jun)(jun)委決定(ding)成立新的(de)山(shan)東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu),歸華(hua)東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)領導,張云逸兼(jian)任(ren)山(shan)東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)司令員(yuan)(yuan),康(kang)生任(ren)政治(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan)。4月(yue),華(hua)東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)參加渡江戰役,同時(shi)成立蘇南(nan)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu),并將江淮軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)及中原(yuan)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)所(suo)屬之皖西軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)等合(he)并為皖北軍(jun)(jun)區(qu),曾希(xi)圣任(ren)司令員(yuan)(yuan)兼(jian)政治(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan)。5月(yue)成立皖南(nan)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu),劉飛任(ren)司令員(yuan)(yuan),牛(niu)樹(shu)才任(ren)政治(zhi)委員(yuan)(yuan)。6月(yue),華(hua)東(dong)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)機(ji)關(guan)與第(di)三(san)野(ye)戰軍(jun)(jun)機(ji)關(guan)合(he)并(保(bao)留各自番(fan)號),統一指揮野(ye)戰軍(jun)(jun)和(he)地(di)(di)方部(bu)(bu)隊(dui),同時(shi)指揮在皖南(nan)、浙南(nan)、閩贛邊等地(di)(di)堅持斗爭的(de)游擊武裝。

至(zhi)1950年(nian)初,華(hua)東(dong)軍(jun)區(qu)轄第三野戰軍(jun)所(suo)屬各部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)和山東(dong)、浙(zhe)江、福建、蘇北、蘇南、皖北、皖南等(deng)軍(jun)區(qu)和淞滬、南京警備(bei)區(qu)及院校、海軍(jun)等(deng),共(gong)120余萬人。各部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)在新解放區(qu)開展大規模(mo)剿(jiao)匪斗(dou)爭,至(zhi)1951年(nian)9月,共(gong)殲滅國民黨軍(jun)殘余及土匪武(wu)裝(zhuang)23萬余人,有力地配合了土地改革(ge)(ge)、鎮壓反革(ge)(ge)命運動和抗美(mei)援朝(chao)。

1950年4月,中共中央決定撤(che)銷野戰軍、兵團兩級機(ji)構(第三(san)野戰軍番號實際(ji)上沿用(yong)至1955年)。

至1951年底,相繼組成華東軍(jun)(jun)區海軍(jun)(jun)、空(kong)軍(jun)(jun)、公安(an)部隊(dui)、防空(kong)部隊(dui)和炮兵、工程兵、裝甲兵等(deng)領導機關。

1952年1月,皖南、皖北軍區(qu)(qu)合(he)(he)并(bing)為安徽軍區(qu)(qu),曾希圣(sheng)任(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)兼政治委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。11月,蘇(su)南、蘇(su)北軍區(qu)(qu)合(he)(he)并(bing)為江蘇(su)軍區(qu)(qu),劉先(xian)(xian)(xian)勝任(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),柯慶施、蕭(xiao)望東、黃火星先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)政治委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。華東軍區(qu)(qu)與第三野戰軍合(he)(he)并(bing)后(hou),粟裕、許世(shi)友先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)華東軍區(qu)(qu)副司(si)(si)令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),譚(tan)震林、唐亮(liang)先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)副政治委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),張(zhang)震、張(zhang)愛萍(ping)先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)參謀長,唐亮(liang)、蕭(xiao)望東先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)政治部主任(ren)(ren)和代主任(ren)(ren),張(zhang)翼翔、覃健、王德先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)副參謀長,鐘期光、鮑先(xian)(xian)(xian)志先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)任(ren)(ren)政治部副主任(ren)(ren)。

至(zhi)1954年(nian)9月,華(hua)東軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)指揮所屬部(bu)隊(dui)先后(hou)解放了(le)除臺灣、澎湖(hu)、金門(men)等(deng)島(dao)以外的華(hua)東沿海(hai)各島(dao)嶼,并擊(ji)退國(guo)(guo)民黨軍(jun)對(dui)福建(jian)省(sheng)南日島(dao)、東山島(dao)的竄犯(fan)。在美國(guo)(guo)政府和臺灣國(guo)(guo)民黨當(dang)局預謀簽訂《共同(tong)(tong)防御條(tiao)約(yue)》前后(hou),華(hua)東軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)福建(jian)前線部(bu)隊(dui)對(dui)盤踞(ju)大、小(xiao)金門(men)島(dao)的國(guo)(guo)民黨軍(jun)進(jin)行(xing)了(le)懲(cheng)罰性炮擊(ji)。全區(qu)(qu)部(bu)隊(dui)在保衛海(hai)邊防和鞏固人民政權的同(tong)(tong)時,還(huan)積極(ji)支援(yuan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)社(she)會主義建(jian)設,參加(jia)長江下游、淮河沿岸(an)的抗洪搶(qiang)險(xian)救災斗爭;大力(li)開(kai)展軍(jun)事訓練(lian)和政治、文化學習,促(cu)進(jin)了(le)部(bu)隊(dui)的革命化、現代化、正規化建(jian)設。

1955年(nian)4月,根(gen)據國務院(yuan)2月11日關于全國軍(jun)區重新劃(hua)分的(de)決定,華東軍(jun)區改(gai)編為(wei)南京軍(jun)區。原(yuan)屬華東軍(jun)區的(de)山東軍(jun)區改(gai)編為(wei)濟南軍(jun)區。

華東野戰軍改編史

1949年2月,遵照(zhao)中央(yang)軍(jun)委(wei)(wei)的(de)統一命令,華東野戰軍(jun)正式改編為中國人民(min)解放軍(jun)第(di)三野戰軍(jun),陳毅為司(si)令員(yuan)兼(jian)(jian)政治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan),粟(su)裕為副(fu)司(si)令員(yuan)兼(jian)(jian)第(di)二副(fu)政治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan),譚震林為第(di)一副(fu)政治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan), 張(zhang)震為參(can)謀長,唐亮為政治(zhi)(zhi)部主任。轄4個兵(bing)團(tuan)和1個特種兵(bing)縱(zong)隊。

第(di)7兵團,王(wang)建安任(ren)(ren)(ren)司令員,譚啟龍任(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)委員,姬(ji)鵬飛任(ren)(ren)(ren)副政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)委員兼政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)部主任(ren)(ren)(ren),李迎希(xi)任(ren)(ren)(ren)參謀長,轄第(di)21軍(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)61、第(di)62、第(di)63師(shi)(shi)),滕(teng)海清任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長,康志強任(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)委員;第(di)22軍(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)64、第(di)65、第(di)66師(shi)(shi)),孫(sun)繼先任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長,丁秋生任(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)委員;第(di)23軍(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)67、第(di)68、第(di)69師(shi)(shi)),陶勇任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長,盧勝(sheng)任(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)委員;第(di)35軍(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)103、第(di)104、第(di)105師(shi)(shi)),吳(wu)化文任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長,何克(ke)希(xi)任(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)委員。

第(di)(di)(di)8兵團(tuan),陳士(shi)榘任(ren)(ren)(ren)司令(ling)員(yuan),袁(yuan)仲賢(xian)任(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan),江渭清(qing)任(ren)(ren)(ren)副(fu)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)兼政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)部主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren),何(he)(he)以(yi)祥(xiang)任(ren)(ren)(ren)參(can)謀長(chang),轄(xia)第(di)(di)(di)24軍(jun)(含第(di)(di)(di)70、第(di)(di)(di)71、第(di)(di)(di)72師),王必(bi)成任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長(chang),廖海光任(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan);第(di)(di)(di)25軍(jun)(含第(di)(di)(di)73、第(di)(di)(di)74、75師),成鈞任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長(chang),黃火星任(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan);第(di)(di)(di)26軍(jun)(含第(di)(di)(di)76、第(di)(di)(di)77、第(di)(di)(di)78師),張仁(ren)初任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長(chang),王一平任(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan);第(di)(di)(di)34軍(jun)(含第(di)(di)(di)100、第(di)(di)(di)101、第(di)(di)(di)102師),何(he)(he)基灃任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長(chang),趙啟(qi)民任(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)。

第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)9兵團,宋(song)時輪任(ren)司令(ling)員(yuan)(yuan),郭化(hua)若任(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan),覃健任(ren)參(can)謀長(chang)(chang),謝(xie)有法(fa)任(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)部主(zhu)任(ren),轄(xia)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)20軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(含第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)58、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)59、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)60師),劉飛任(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang),陳時夫任(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan);第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)27軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(含第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)79、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)80、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)81師),聶鳳智任(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang)、劉浩(hao)天任(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan);第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)30軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(含第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)88、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)90師),謝(xie)振華任(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang),李(li)干輝任(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan);第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)33軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(含第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)97、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)98、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)99師),張克俠任(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang),韓念龍任(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)。

第(di)(di)(di)(di)10兵(bing)團,葉飛任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司令(ling)員,韋國清任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員,陳慶(qing)先任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)參謀(mou)長(chang)(chang),劉(liu)培善任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)部主任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),轄第(di)(di)(di)(di)28軍(jun)(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)(di)(di)(di)82、第(di)(di)(di)(di)83、第(di)(di)(di)(di)84師(shi)),朱紹清任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang),陳美藻任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員;第(di)(di)(di)(di)29軍(jun)(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)(di)(di)(di)85、第(di)(di)(di)(di)86、第(di)(di)(di)(di)87師(shi)),胡炳云任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang),張藩(fan)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員;第(di)(di)(di)(di)31軍(jun)(jun)(含(han)(han)第(di)(di)(di)(di)91、第(di)(di)(di)(di)92、第(di)(di)(di)(di)93師(shi)),周志堅任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang),陳華堂(tang)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員。特種兵(bing)縱隊番號(hao)不變,陳銳(rui)霆(ting)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)司令(ling)員,張凱任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)委(wei)(wei)員。  

以膠東軍(jun)區(qu)武(wu)裝編為(wei)第(di)(di)32軍(jun)(轄第(di)(di)94、第(di)(di)95師(shi)),譚希(xi)林任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)長,彭(peng)林任(ren)(ren)(ren)政治委員(yuan)(yuan),暫歸山東軍(jun)區(qu)指(zhi)揮。兩(liang)廣縱(zong)隊撥歸第(di)(di)四野戰(zhan)軍(jun)建制,曾生任(ren)(ren)(ren)司令員(yuan)(yuan),雷經(jing)天任(ren)(ren)(ren)政治委員(yuan)(yuan)。

這(zhe)時,華東軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)約(yue)(yue)(yue)42萬人(ren),第(di)三野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)約(yue)(yue)(yue)58萬余(yu)人(ren)。第(di)三野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)組(zu)成后, 主力于3月(yue)中(zhong)旬進(jin)至廬江(jiang)(jiang)、無為、除縣、六合(he)、揚(yang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)和如皋一線, 進(jin)行渡江(jiang)(jiang)作戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)各項準備工作。4月(yue)中(zhong)旬,第(di)三野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)和第(di)二(er)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)發(fa)起渡江(jiang)(jiang)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役(yi),1949年4月(yue)23日(ri)解放(fang)了國(guo)(guo)民黨22年統治的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)心(xin)南京。隨后解放(fang)了杭州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)和我(wo)國(guo)(guo)大城市(shi)上(shang)海(hai)。至6月(yue)1日(ri), 京滬杭戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役(yi)勝利結束(shu),殲敵約(yue)(yue)(yue)40萬余(yu)人(ren)。 第(di)7兵團在(zai)第(di)二(er)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)與華東軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)一部的(de)(de)(de)配合(he)下,解放(fang)了浙江(jiang)(jiang)省及(ji)沿(yan)海(hai)大部分島嶼(yu)。第(di)10兵團于7月(yue)上(shang)旬由(you)蘇州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)地區(qu)車運南下,向福建(jian)進(jin)軍(jun)(jun),8月(yue)17日(ri)解放(fang)了福建(jian)省會福州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)。接著又舉行了漳(州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou))廈(sha)(門)金(門)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)役(yi),至10月(yue)中(zhong)旬,解放(fang)了福建(jian)省及(ji)沿(yan)海(hai)大部分島嶼(yu),殲敵約(yue)(yue)(yue)10萬余(yu)人(ren)。

為了(le)完成(cheng)中(zhong)央軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)委所賦予的(de)各項任務及建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)現代化(hua)的(de)革(ge)命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)隊(dui),統(tong)一和加強華(hua)(hua)東地區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)政(zheng)領導,華(hua)(hua)東軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)與第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)野(ye)戰軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)領導機(ji)關于1949年7月合并(其(qi)名義仍保留)。同時,對野(ye)戰部(bu)隊(dui)的(de)機(ji)構先(xian)后進行(xing)(xing)了(le)較大(da)調整:第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)7兵(bing)團(tuan)兼浙(zhe)江省軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu),該兵(bing)團(tuan)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)23軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)撥歸結(jie)9兵(bing)團(tuan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)制(zhi)(zhi),第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)35軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)全部(bu)地方化(hua);第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)8兵(bing)團(tuan)部(bu)撤銷,大(da)部(bu)與華(hua)(hua)東軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)政(zheng)大(da)學合并,組成(cheng)新的(de)華(hua)(hua)東軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)政(zheng)大(da)學(陳毅(yi)兼校長(chang)和政(zheng)治委員),小部(bu)與第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)34軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)合并組成(cheng)南京警備(bei)(bei)司令(ling)部(bu)(含第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)24和第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)25軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)),第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)26軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)撥歸第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)9兵(bing)團(tuan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)市;第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)9兵(bing)團(tuan)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)20、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)23、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)26、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)27軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),準備(bei)(bei)執行(xing)(xing)解放(fang)臺灣的(de)任務(后參(can)加抗美援朝戰爭),第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)30、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)33軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)調歸淞(song)滬警備(bei)(bei)司令(ling)部(bu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)制(zhi)(zhi);第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)10兵(bing)團(tuan)在福州(zhou)市解放(fang)后,即(ji)兼福建(jian)(jian)(jian)省軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。 至1949年12月,第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)野(ye)戰軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)發展(zhan)到82.5萬(wan)余人。

1950年1月(yue)3日(ri),中(zhong)央(yang)軍(jun)(jun)委決定撤(che)銷第(di)(di)三野戰軍(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)30和第(di)(di)35軍(jun)(jun)番號,其成員撥歸華(hua)東海軍(jun)(jun)建(jian)制。8月(yue),撤(che)銷第(di)(di)二(er)野戰軍(jun)(jun)前(qian)委,組成新的華(hua)東軍(jun)(jun)區黨委,以陳毅為(wei)第(di)(di)一書(shu)記,粟裕(yu)為(wei)第(di)(di)二(er)書(shu)記,唐(tang)亮為(wei)第(di)(di)三書(shu)記。野戰軍(jun)(jun)部(bu)隊全(quan)部(bu)歸華(hua)東軍(jun)(jun)區領導。11月(yue), 以第(di)(di)29和第(di)(di)32軍(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)部(bu)組建(jian)為(wei)鐵道公(gong)安司令部(bu)。

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