尊(zun)勝寺(si)座落在涪江東岸三臺(tai)縣爭勝鄉爭勝壩(ba)。爭勝壩(ba)交通發達,經綿(mian)(mian)(陽)三(臺(tai))公(gong)路可北上綿(mian)(mian)陽,南下(xia)三臺(tai)。綿(mian)(mian)(陽)遂(sui)(寧)高速公(gong)路由壩(ba)上通過,將為尊(zun)勝寺(si)文物旅游(you)資(zi)源的開發利用(yong),創(chuang)造前(qian)所未有的機(ji)遇(yu)。
尊勝寺(si)(si)相傳(chuan)由佛(fo)教禪(chan)宗仰山派傳(chuan)人(ren)始建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)南宋。明朝永樂(le)十(shi)三(san)年(1415)重建(jian)(jian)(jian)大雄殿(dian)(dian)。清朝康熙(xi)二十(shi)八年(1689),臨濟派傳(chuan)人(ren)住持僧瑞巖增修藏經樓。清朝乾隆(long)五年(1740),重建(jian)(jian)(jian)伽藍殿(dian)(dian)。民(min)國(guo)十(shi)八年(1929),軍閥(fa)田(tian)頌堯為建(jian)(jian)(jian)修“潼保馬(ma)路”籌措(cuo)工(gong)程(cheng)款項(xiang),強征尊勝寺(si)(si)“廟(miao)業”良田(tian)“六十(shi)余畝”,僅“環廟(miao)七八畝脊(ji)土留作(zuo)廟(miao)有”,尊勝寺(si)(si)從此一蹶不振(zhen)。
《民國三(san)臺縣(xian)志》稱,尊(zun)勝(sheng)(sheng)寺僧(seng)瑞巖為清初三(san)臺佛(fo)教界“以繼往開(kai)來為己(ji)任”的杰出高(gao)僧(seng),據此可知尊(zun)勝(sheng)(sheng)寺在(zai)當(dang)時的重要地位和影響。1999年10月,綿陽人(ren)民政府公(gong)布尊(zun)勝(sheng)(sheng)寺為文物(wu)保(bao)護單位。
尊勝(sheng)寺現存明清(qing)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)筑群占地(di)3605m2,建(jian)(jian)筑面積934.255m2。由南而北(bei),其(qi)主體建(jian)(jian)筑依次為伽藍殿、大雄(xiong)殿、藏經樓。
伽(jia)藍(lan)殿 民間(jian)(jian)俗稱(cheng)關(guan)(guan)(guan)圣殿。木(mu)結構單檐(yan)懸山(shan)頂。面闊8柱(zhu)7間(jian)(jian),進深4柱(zhu)3間(jian)(jian),金檁底書“大清(qing)乾隆(long)五年仲冬重修”等墨書題(ti)記(ji)以及“仰(yang)山(shan)祖(zu)(zu)師(shi)法(fa)(fa)派(pai)”等墨記(ji)清(qing)晰可辨(bian)。“仰(yang)山(shan)”在江西(xi)宜春(chun)縣南(nan)。唐代高僧慧(hui)寂于(yu)此創建(jian)佛寺。后(hou)人立(li)為(wei)仰(yang)山(shan)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)。仰(yang)山(shan)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)為(wei)佛教禪宗(zong)(zong)(zong)南(nan)岳一(yi)系,與臨(lin)濟宗(zong)(zong)(zong)同(tong)出(chu)(chu)六祖(zu)(zu)慧(hui)能(neng)法(fa)(fa)脈(mo)懷讓、馬(ma)(ma)祖(zu)(zu)、百(bai)丈門下。伽(jia)藍(lan)殿金檁所記(ji)“仰(yang)山(shan)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)法(fa)(fa)派(pai)"40字之前(qian)20字,與《佛教手冊(ce)》所記(ji)“偽仰(yang)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)法(fa)(fa)派(pai)”20字略有(you)出(chu)(chu)入,但后(hou)20字則不見記(ji)載(zai),其所存資料異常珍(zhen)貴。明(ming)間(jian)(jian)面南(nan),彩塑(su)關(guan)(guan)(guan)圣帝君燃燭夜讀《春(chun)秋經》坐像(xiang),右側關(guan)(guan)(guan)平捧印、左側周倉持刀侍(shi)立(li)。左右梢間(jian)(jian),分塑(su)關(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)坐騎(qi)烏(wu)騅馬(ma)(ma)和(he)赤色馬(ma)(ma)。在左心梢間(jian)(jian)東(dong)北、西(xi)北兩隅,面東(dong)塑(su)藥王(wang)坐像(xiang),面兩塑(su)文昌坐像(xiang)。自從關(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)被列為(wei)護法(fa)(fa)神后(hou),不少佛寺便以關(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)為(wei)前(qian)殿主(zhu)尊,而其名(ming)稱(cheng),也(ye)由天王(wang)殿等改稱(cheng)伽(jia)藍(lan)殿了(le)。
大雄(xiong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian) 木(mu)結(jie)構單檐(yan)歇山(shan)頂(ding),面(mian)闊4柱3間(jian),進深4柱3間(jian),正(zheng)脊安吻獸。中置寶(bao)頂(ding)。屋面(mian)覆灰筒(tong)瓦,曲(qu)線柔和秀麗,翼角高(gao)翹,凌空欲飛。兩(liang)山(shan)搏脊飾琉璃獸頭。檐(yan)口(kou)龍紋、蓮紋瓦當、滴水相間(jian)。檐(yan)下施(shi)斗拱32朵。梁枋多施(shi)彩(cai)繪。脊檁底皮所存墨書題(ti)記“大明(ming)永(yong)樂十(shi)三年歲次(ci)乙本六月(yue)乙丑(chou)朔初七日重修”等文字(zi)尚可辨識。大雄(xiong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)明(ming)間(jian),西南彩(cai)塑(su)釋加牟尼(ni)三身(shen)(shen)(shen)佛坐像(xiang)。三身(shen)(shen)(shen)即法(fa)身(shen)(shen)(shen)、報身(shen)(shen)(shen)、應身(shen)(shen)(shen)、法(fa)身(shen)(shen)(shen)佛稱毗盧遮那(nei)(nei)佛,居中;報身(shen)(shen)(shen)佛稱盧舍那(nei)(nei)佛,居左(zuo);應身(shen)(shen)(shen)佛稱釋迦牟尼(ni)佛,居右。大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)東西兩(liang)側,配十(shi)八羅漢彩(cai)像(xiang)。大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后側,面(mian)北塑(su)護法(fa)韋馱。大雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是全縣現(xian)存最(zui)早的(de)古代(dai)木(mu)構建筑(zhu)(zhu),也(ye)是全省保(bao)存較好(hao)的(de)明(ming)代(dai)早期建筑(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)一,是宋(song)元建筑(zhu)(zhu)到明(ming)清建筑(zhu)(zhu)過渡中的(de)實例,很有研(yan)究價值(zhi)。
藏經(jing)樓(lou) 木結構(gou)重檐歇山頂。面(mian)(mian)闊5柱,進深4柱,廊道寬(kuan)3m,建筑面(mian)(mian)積275.97m2。在(zai)明(ming)(ming)間(jian)及(ji)梢間(jian)的檁(lin)(lin)、梁(liang)底皮,均存(cun)(cun)有大(da)(da)量墨書(shu)題(ti)(ti)記。所(suo)存(cun)(cun)史(shi)料,具有多方面(mian)(mian)研(yan)究價(jia)值。明(ming)(ming)間(jian)前坡下金檁(lin)(lin)底皮題(ti)(ti)記為(wei)(wei)(wei):“大(da)(da)清康熙二拾八年十月朔七日建修藏經(jing)樓(lou),南岳下傳臨(lin)(lin)濟正宗第三十七世凈(jing)幅(fu)、徒道印、誠(cheng)、悟、信,徒孫德云、靈、益,助(zhu)緣衣(yi)延明(ming)(ming)心古誠(cheng)”。前坡上金檁(lin)(lin)題(ti)(ti)記為(wei)(wei)(wei):“總督河道提督軍務右侍(shi)郎兼都(dou)察院右副都(dou)御史(shi)加(jia)一(yi)級施《藏經(jing)》大(da)(da)功德主王……暨闔衙眷(juan)等(deng)。”脊檁(lin)(lin)底皮題(ti)(ti)記為(wei)(wei)(wei):“當今皇(huang)帝萬歲!萬萬歲!太子儲君福壽天長地(di)久!滿(man)朝文武、闔國公卿(qing),常為(wei)(wei)(wei)護(hu)位(wei)、護(hu)佛、護(hu)法、護(hu)僧之祿位(wei)。”后(hou)坡上金檁(lin)(lin)題(ti)(ti)記為(wei)(wei)(wei):“署理(li)潼川州正堂孟(meng),吏目李,儒學訓導田、徐,署理(li)都(dou)督同(tong)知管守備事(shi)姜(jiang),千總薛(xue),把總史(shi)、巨。”后(hou)坡下金檁(lin)(lin)題(ti)(ti)記為(wei)(wei)(wei):“鎮守陜西西寧(ning)、臨(lin)(lin)潼等(deng)處地(di)方,統(tong)轄漢(han)、土(tu)蕃、回總兵官(guan),左都(dou)督加(jia)三級李諱題(ti)(ti)。”
藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)樓(lou)(lou)是珍藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)佛教(jiao)《大(da)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》的殿閣。《大(da)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》由(you)經(jing)(jing)(jing)、律、論三藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)構(gou)成(cheng),是釋迦牟尼(ni)及(ji)其傳人指導弟子修行的理論匯編。漢(han)文《大(da)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》北(bei)宋開寶年(nian)(nian)間(jian)始(shi)刻于成(cheng)都。尊勝寺所藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)《大(da)藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》為“清康熙二十七年(nian)(nian)歲次戊(wu)辰七月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)元日(ri)潼川(chuan)王(wang)新(xin)命敬施”。藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)樓(lou)(lou)二樓(lou)(lou)明間(jian),為存放《藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)》之(zhi)處。千(qian)余(yu)卷經(jing)(jing)(jing)書,分6柜存放。50年(nian)(nian)代,大(da)部經(jing)(jing)(jing)書移(yi)交(jiao)四川(chuan)省圖書館收藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang),少量經(jing)(jing)(jing)書交(jiao)縣文管所保(bao)管。藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)樓(lou)(lou)是清代三臺鄉賢王(wang)新(xin)命關注家鄉文化建設的歷(li)史見(jian)證(zheng)。樓(lou)(lou)閣地處河(he)灘(tan),地下(xia)(xia)水位較(jiao)高,柱(zhu)礎的穩(wen)定和立柱(zhu)的承重、防潮要求較(jiao)高,故柱(zhu)礎高大(da),柱(zhu)徑加粗,在(zai)省內古木建筑中(zhong)(zhong)很(hen)少見(jian)。藏(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)樓(lou)(lou)歷(li)經(jing)(jing)(jing)三百多年(nian)(nian)來,梁柱(zhu)未出(chu)現傾(qing)斜、下(xia)(xia)沉,始(shi)終保(bao)持(chi)初建時的雄姿(zi)。