結構
波日橋(qiao)(qiao)長125米(mi)(mi),寬3米(mi)(mi),孔徑跨度60米(mi)(mi),由橋(qiao)(qiao)身(shen)(shen)、橋(qiao)(qiao)墩(dun)、橋(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)三部(bu)分(fen)構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)。橋(qiao)(qiao)墩(dun)遠看形如兩個(ge)堅固的碉堡,全部(bu)用(yong)(yong)圓杉木(mu)、卵石、片石相(xiang)間疊(die)砌而成(cheng)(cheng)。兩個(ge)橋(qiao)(qiao)墩(dun)中部(bu),用(yong)(yong)4—6根圓木(mu)撐(cheng)成(cheng)(cheng)拱形,圓木(mu)長度自(zi)下而上,逐(zhu)步遞增,形成(cheng)(cheng)兩個(ge)懸挑臂(bei),然后(hou)在懸臂(bei)上架梁、鋪上橋(qiao)(qiao)板,再裝上欄桿,構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)橋(qiao)(qiao)身(shen)(shen)。橋(qiao)(qiao)墩(dun)上用(yong)(yong)石片疊(die)的“傘”形結構(gou),便是橋(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)。最為稱奇的是,整座橋(qiao)(qiao)沒有用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)顆釘、一(yi)(yi)塊鐵,每一(yi)(yi)個(ge)結合部(bu)均用(yong)(yong)木(mu)楔連接,原始(shi)而實用(yong)(yong)。
歷史淵源
民(min)(min)國十九年(1930年)西(xi)藏噶廈(sha)政(zheng)府的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)隊從甘孜進(jin)駐(zhu)新(xin)龍(long)(long)(long),為(wei)(wei)了戰略需(xu)要,燒(shao)毀了城區附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)6座(zuo)藏式伸臂橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)。使原(yuan)本就處(chu)于(yu)甘孜藏族自治(zhi)州肚臍地帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)龍(long)(long)(long),更顯(xian)得與世隔絕。風雨飄搖(yao)中幸存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波日(ri)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),成為(wei)(wei)當時人(ren)們出入新(xin)龍(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交通要道。由于(yu)超負荷使用,破舊(jiu)不堪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波日(ri)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)搖(yao)搖(yao)欲墜。民(min)(min)國二(er)十二(er)年(1933年),新(xin)龍(long)(long)(long)甲拉西(xi)鄉一位(wei)名叫(jiao)莫特·亞馬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藏族民(min)(min)間(jian)建(jian)筑師(shi),臨危受命,承擔了維(wei)修(xiu)波日(ri)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作。通過幾個月的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)努力(li),亞馬率領藏族人(ren)民(min)(min)冒(mao)風雪頂嚴寒,在保存(cun)波日(ri)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)歷史原(yuan)貌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上,將橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)維(wei)修(xiu)一新(xin)。1936年6月,紅四(si)方面(mian)軍(jun)與紅六軍(jun)團在新(xin)龍(long)(long)(long)會師(shi)后,經(jing)波日(ri)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)揮師(shi)北上。此后,當地群(qun)眾親切地稱(cheng)該橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)為(wei)(wei)“紅軍(jun)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)”。
交通
波(bo)日橋:成(cheng)(cheng)都—雅(ya)(ya)安(an)(成(cheng)(cheng)雅(ya)(ya)高速路)—天(tian)全—瀘定(ding)—康定(ding)—雅(ya)(ya)江(jiang)—理(li)塘—新(xin)龍,車程約8小時。波(bo)日橋在(zai)樂安(an)鄉(xiang)境內(nei)的雅(ya)(ya)礱江(jiang)上,距縣城36公(gong)里(li),省道217線從旁經過(guo)。