1987年初(chu),公安機關破(po)獲交(jiao)樂鄉龍樹腳漢(han)墓(mu)被(bei)盜(dao)案,文(wen)物(wu)管理部門對10號(hao)、14號(hao)等4座(zuo)墓(mu)進行清理發掘,發現此(ci)墓(mu)為(wei)夫婦葬(zang)(zang)墓(mu),被(bei)-的(de)為(wei)男(nan)室(shi)(shi),女室(shi)(shi)完(wan)好,發掘出(chu)文(wen)物(wu)45種近百件。其中(zhong)14號(hao)多(duo)室(shi)(shi)墓(mu),是目(mu)前貴州(zhou)所發掘的(de)漢(han)墓(mu)中(zhong)最(zui)大的(de)一座(zuo)。被(bei)有(you)(you)關人(ren)士稱之為(wei)“全國少見(jian),貴州(zhou)僅(jin)有(you)(you)的(de)漢(han)墓(mu)葬(zang)(zang)”。
貴州省(sheng)博物館對其中5座墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)進行發掘,為(wei)磚室(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)、石(shi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)及磚室(shi)(shi)(shi)和石(shi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)同冢(zhong)三類。2號墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)磚室(shi)(shi)(shi)“大”字形(xing)室(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu),分甬道、正(zheng)室(shi)(shi)(shi)、左耳(er)室(shi)(shi)(shi)、右耳(er)室(shi)(shi)(shi)。1、4號為(wei)磚室(shi)(shi)(shi)“凸”字形(xing)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。3號墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)方(fang)框形(xing)石(shi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu),5號墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)磚室(shi)(shi)(shi)與石(shi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)同冢(zhong)。被盜的5座墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu),發掘出土文物有(you):銅(tong)(tong)盤、銅(tong)(tong)碗、銅(tong)(tong)帶釣(diao)魚臺、環首銅(tong)(tong)刀、殘銅(tong)(tong)刀、銅(tong)(tong)雞及搖(yao)錢樹座等(deng)(deng)。另(ling)還有(you)五(wu)銖錢、貨泉、添盤、銀(yin)器(qi)、琥珀、獅飾(shi)、燒料耳(er)當、小骨(gu)銅(tong)(tong)串珠、玉牌等(deng)(deng)。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬大約在(zai)東漢(han)和帝(89-105)前后,晚至桓帝(147-167)、靈帝(168-189)時期。
在(zai)10號(hao)墓出(chu)土“巨王千萬(wan)印”一(yi)枚,在(zai)第(di)二批發(fa)掘的墓中,在(zai)位于交樂(le)村西(xi)南(nan)約1公里處,有直徑約20米的封(feng)土堆,墓室(shi)(shi)坐(zuo)西(xi)向東(dong),南(nan)北軸線長12.8米,東(dong)西(xi)軸線長8.75米,分南(nan)北兩個墓室(shi)(shi),每(mei)室(shi)(shi)由墓道、室(shi)(shi)、耳室(shi)(shi)及兩個后室(shi)(shi)組成(cheng),并列對稱,除前室(shi)(shi)為穹(qiong)隆頂外(wai),余(yu)均為巷(xiang),磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)結構,地面以磚(zhuan)石鋪成(cheng)人字形(xing)花紋,磚(zhuan)紋為棱形(xing)紋。墓穴發(fa)現盜洞,室(shi)(shi)內原陪(pei)葬器物基本盜空,在(zai)北室(shi)(shi)道內發(fa)現殘損銅(tong)(tong)車馬一(yi)具,前室(shi)(shi)出(chu)土青銅(tong)(tong)陶器若干件,耳室(shi)(shi)內發(fa)現“巴郡(jun)守丞”鎏金銅(tong)(tong)印一(yi)枚。
此次(ci)發掘,歷時(shi)一(yi)月,共清理東漢中晚(wan)期墓12座。時(shi)至今(jin)日,交樂漢墓群出(chu)土的主要文物有:銅(tong)車(che)馬(ma)、連枝燈、撫琴俑(yong)(yong)、巴(ba)郡守丞印(yin)、巨王千萬(wan)印(yin)、帶(dai)蓋刻花(hua)銅(tong)奩、銅(tong)俑(yong)(yong)、五銖錢紋銅(tong)碗(wan)、搖錢樹、刻花(hua)銅(tong)瓶、銅(tong)甑、陶灶(zao)、水池(chi)田園模型(xing)、陶搖錢樹座等(deng)。
交樂漢墓(mu)0土的文物具有較高的研究(jiu)價值。2006年交樂墓(mu)群作為漢代(dai)的古墓(mu)葬,被國務院列入第六批(pi)全國重(zhong)點文物保護單位。