青龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)原(yuan)名(ming)青龍(long)(long)(long)祠,又名(ming)龍(long)(long)(long)王廟,始建(jian)(jian)于明永樂年間,位(wei)于武陟(zhi)縣城(cheng)西北1公(gong)里(li)龍(long)(long)(long)源鎮萬花莊中部。清嘉慶(qing)十八年(1813年)奉(feng)旨(zhi)重修,改建(jian)(jian)為青龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)。占地50余(yu)畝,古建(jian)(jian)房(fang)屋(wu)百余(yu)間,主(zhu)要建(jian)(jian)筑有龍(long)(long)(long)鳳(feng)亭、主(zhu)門廈古戲樓、東(dong)西門、拜殿(dian)、東(dong)西官廳、玉皇閣、東(dong)西廂(xiang)、誠心橋、后(hou)寢(qin)宮(gong)、龍(long)(long)(long)圣宮(gong)、后(hou)大(da)殿(dian)等。主(zhu)要神像有玉皇大(da)帝、王母(mu)娘娘、青龍(long)(long)(long)王、龍(long)(long)(long)母(mu)、東(dong)海龍(long)(long)(long)王、西海龍(long)(long)(long)王、南海龍(long)(long)(long)王、北海龍(long)(long)(long)王、風伯、雨師、雷公(gong)、電(dian)母(mu)、雪花公(gong)主(zhu)、推云(yun)童子、關公(gong)、木鯨神等。
青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)歷經幾百年滄桑(sang),經道光、光緒(xu)年間幾次增修,成為(wei)具(ju)有相當規(gui)模的明清建(jian)筑群。它(ta)大的特點是(shi)(shi):房(fang)上、墻上、梁上、柱上、門上、窗上到(dao)處(chu)是(shi)(shi)千姿百態(tai)龍(long)(long)(long)的形象。宮(gong)內(nei)古柏常青(qing),鮮花盛開,小橋流水(shui),五色金(jin)魚在養(yang)生池內(nei)悠游自(zi)在歡快跳躍,環境幽雅,景(jing)色宜人。青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)王龍(long)(long)(long)母在人間所做的善(shan)事和歸神(shen)界惠(hui)普中州沐(mu)甘露(lu)所辦的奇事傳說比(bi)比(bi)皆是(shi)(shi),歷史真實記載(zai)的龍(long)(long)(long)文化(hua)會使你認為(wei)青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)王真是(shi)(shi)“活(huo)龍(long)(long)(long)王”。
焦作市旅游勝地青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)與青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮本為(wei)一家,有著(zhu)一脈(mo)相通的聯系(xi)。據廟內(nei)明朝(chao)嘉(jia)靖六年(nian)(1527年(nian))石碣“高氏家傳遺言記(ji)”記(ji)載:青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)為(wei)明永(yong)樂年(nian)間(jian)萬花莊高白寧陪給龍(long)(long)(long)母(mu)的嫁妝地,“陪嫁莊”村由此而得名。青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)中的青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)洞(dong)是(shi)青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)龍(long)(long)(long)母(mu)夫婦(fu)歸天常居之(zhi)處。因此,想(xiang)游青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)先觀青(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮,這樣我們既看到了(le)龍(long)(long)(long)文化(hua)的內(nei)涵(han),又(you)感受到了(le)大自然的美景。
武陟青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)始源于一(yi)個神話(hua)傳說,清道光(guang)(guang)版的《武陟縣志(zhi)》卷十九(jiu)《古跡(ji)》篇記(ji)載(zai):“青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)王廟(miao)(青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong))在縣治東(dong)北(bei)路萬花莊。舊傳青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)神于明永樂(le)時,假身為(wei)貧(pin)少年(nian)(nian),傭力于本(ben)莊高(gao)(gao)氏(shi)家(jia),白晝刻木為(wei)‘鯨’,夜則灌園(yuan)田,稼(jia)茂異(yi)常,高(gao)(gao)氏(shi)瞰其(qi)(qi)蹤跡(ji),見云霧中(zhong)有(you)(you)一(yi)龍(long)(long)在井上,尤是大(da)奇,妻之(zhi)(zhi)以女,其(qi)(qi)后(hou),忽見夢(meng)于高(gao)(gao)氏(shi)曰(yue):‘吾(wu)以有(you)(you)異(yi)汝,若逢旱(han)(han)時,赴青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)洞求雨必應’。尺醒(xing)則神已化去,其(qi)(qi)妻亦逝(shi)。所(suo)遺(yi)即牒文木鯨也,自是有(you)(you)禱必應,建(jian)(jian)祠(ci)記(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)”。又有(you)(you)碑(bei)(bei)文記(ji)載(zai):“龍(long)(long)王顯世于明初(chu)永樂(le)年(nian)(nian)間。每(mei)逢亢旱(han)(han)祈雨輒(zhe)應,以是創建(jian)(jian)廟(miao)宇”。增建(jian)(jian)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)神記(ji)碑(bei)(bei)文載(zai):“青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)嘉(jia)慶(qing)朝(chao)前政莊君鼎(ding)建(jian)(jian)”。道光(guang)(guang)二十五年(nian)(nian)(1845年(nian)(nian))碑(bei)(bei)文載(zai):“嘉(jia)慶(qing)年(nian)(nian)間邑侯聞(wen)其(qi)(qi)異(yi),因匾(bian)所(suo)舉曰(yue)‘青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)’”。玉(yu)皇閣(ge)上層中(zhong)間脊檁(lin)下(xia)知(zhi)縣孫(sun)肅元手書:“大(da)清嘉(jia)慶(qing)十八(ba)年(nian)(nian)歲癸酉四(si)月上浣吉知(zhi)武陟事仁和孫(sun)肅元率(lv)同闔紳(shen)耆士民創建(jian)(jian),自立之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)永保風調雨順,平安(an)大(da)吉”。玉(yu)皇閣(ge)底層檐下(xia)又懸(xuan)“圣旨”牌。所(suo)以說青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的主體(ti)建(jian)(jian)筑玉(yu)皇閣(ge)、戲(xi)樓(lou)、主門廈(sha)為(wei)清嘉(jia)慶(qing)十八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(1813年(nian)(nian))由(you)觀察使莊振(zhen)請旨,帶官銀(yin)支(zhi)助,在原青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)祠(ci)的舊址(zhi)上重建(jian)(jian)的。命(ming)知(zhi)縣孫(sun)肅元親(qin)自率(lv)領族工,并親(qin)手書青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)祠(ci)更名青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。據青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)新修后(hou)殿(dian)記(ji)碑(bei)(bei)文載(zai):“光(guang)(guang)緒三年(nian)(nian)大(da)旱(han)(han),大(da)府遺(yi)員(yuan)……奏(zou)請御賜匾(bian)額,由(you)是青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)名益顯”。光(guang)(guang)緒皇帝御筆(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)寶“惠普中(zhong)州”一(yi)式兩面(mian),一(yi)面(mian)懸(xuan)掛青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),另一(yi)面(mian)懸(xuan)掛于太(tai)行山青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)峽的龍(long)(long)神祠(ci)。慈禧太(tai)后(hou)御筆(bi)“靈濟東(dong)都”匾(bian)一(yi)面(mian)(現已遺(yi)失(shi))。
光緒(xu)二十(shi)二年(nian)(1886年(nian))丙(bing)申八月,在任候補(bu)知府武(wu)陟縣知事榮成孫叔謙寫楹(ying)聯(lian)(lian)云(yun)(yun):“神靈(ling)變化作配詎在人間(jian)胡至今(jin)野嫗(yu)村翁竸傳異跡,云(yun)(yun)雨施行崇朝可遍天(tian)下(xia)原此后(hou)嵩封洛甸永庇宏(hong)庥”。同治六年(nian)(1867年(nian)),河北彰、衛(wei)、懷(huai)三府兼(jian)管河務兵備(bei)道世(shi)襲云(yun)(yun)騎(qi)尉長白(bai)綸恩敬(jing)題并(bing)書金字楹(ying)聯(lian)(lian):“自古(gu)著神靈(ling)幾(ji)百年(nian)御(yu)災捍患,請天(tian)恤民二十(shi)五(wu)縣崇德報功”。
1995年5月(yue)9日(ri),武陟縣(xian)人(ren)民政府(fu)公布(bu)為縣(xian)級重點(dian)文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)單位(wei),2000年9月(yue)25日(ri)被河南省政府(fu)公布(bu)為省級重點(dian)文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)單位(wei)。二(er)月(yue)二(er)廟(miao)會和祈雨舊規在(zai)(zai)2009年同時被河南省政府(fu)列為省級非物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)化遺產保護(hu)項目。現在(zai)(zai)的青龍(long)宮在(zai)(zai)文(wen)物(wu)管理所(suo)所(suo)長毛文(wen)路的帶領下,資料(liao)整理、文(wen)物(wu)修復等各(ge)項工作日(ri)臻完善,成了方圓百(bai)里亮麗的人(ren)文(wen)景(jing)觀(guan)。
在(zai)河南武陟,有(you)一塊神奇的土(tu)地。在(zai)這塊土(tu)地上(shang),每年農歷(li)二月初二開始車馬軸集,人頭(tou)攢動,鑼鼓喧(xuan)天,龍(long)飛(fei)鳳舞,香煙(yan)繚(liao)繞,聚各(ge)鄉各(ge)村民間(jian)藝術之精(jing)英,匯山南海北(bei)之百貨,傳青龍(long)民女之神話,結倩男靚女之情緣……這就是萬花莊青龍(long)宮廟會。
青(qing)龍宮(gong)二月二廟會歷(li)史悠久。青(qing)龍宮(gong)原(yuan)名青(qing)龍祠,又名龍王廟,始建(jian)(jian)于明(ming)永樂年間,位(wei)于武陟(zhi)縣城西北1公里(li)龍源(yuan)鎮萬花莊中部。清(qing)嘉慶十八年(公元1813年)奉旨改建(jian)(jian)為青(qing)龍宮(gong),賜御(yu)匾“惠普中州”。
青龍(long)(long)宮源于(yu)一個動(dong)人的(de)傳說:據清道光《武陟縣志(zhi)》記載,青龍(long)(long)神在明永(yong)樂年間(jian)假(jia)身(shen)為貧少年,受雇(gu)于(yu)萬花高(gao)(gao)家(jia),夜(ye)間(jian)現身(shen)澆(jiao)灌(guan)田畝,高(gao)(gao)家(jia)以女(nv)妻(qi)之。白青龍(long)(long)歸(gui)隱云臺山青龍(long)(long)峽(xia),高(gao)(gao)女(nv)亦(yi)逝,托夢與親人,凡遭遇旱(han)災(zai),前去求雨,有求必應(ying)。高(gao)(gao)家(jia)為龍(long)(long)王(wang)奶(nai)奶(nai)建(jian)冢,官府為龍(long)(long)王(wang)建(jian)龍(long)(long)王(wang)廟,香火旺盛。
二(er)(er)月初二(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)龍抬頭的(de)日子,也(ye)是(shi)(shi)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)中神(shen)主白青龍的(de)生日。四百多(duo)年(nian)來(lai),中州大(da)地的(de)老百姓為使(shi)一年(nian)四季風調雨順,到龍王廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)祭祀。青龍宮(gong)香火旺盛,各村(cun)各廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)宇(yu)的(de)經擔、旱船、盤鼓、高蹺、大(da)駕等民(min)間藝(yi)術百余路都來(lai)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)內(nei)演出(chu),八方商賈(jia)云(yun)集(ji),九(jiu)州百貨暢流,官府出(chu)資請(qing)名團名角唱大(da)戲五天慶賀,十萬(wan)多(duo)觀光客(ke)爭睹勝(sheng)景(jing),熱鬧非凡。
青(qing)龍宮白(bai)青(qing)龍與民間(jian)女幸福結合的(de)(de)神(shen)奇傳說,人(ren)民對風調雨順的(de)(de)祈(qi)求(qiu),形成了青(qing)龍宮廟會(hui)。二月二廟會(hui)規(gui)模大(da),以(yi)青(qing)龍宮為(wei)(wei)中心,村內各(ge)條大(da)街,村外空地,熙(xi)(xi)熙(xi)(xi)攘攘,人(ren)山(shan)人(ren)海,每(mei)年都超過十萬人(ren)次;民間(jian)信仰與社會(hui)企盼(pan)息息相關(guan);文化活動與物資交流(liu)融(rong)為(wei)(wei)一體(ti);官府(fu)重視,慷慨出資;會(hui)期長,正會(hui)五天;祭祀和文化娛(yu)樂融(rong)為(wei)(wei)一體(ti);活躍城鄉物資交流(liu),成為(wei)(wei)武陟(zhi)第一、懷慶(qing)府(fu)的(de)(de)大(da)廟會(hui)。