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遺址概況

府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)于河南(nan)(nan)省焦作市西南(nan)(nan)郊10公(gong)里處的(de)(de)府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)村西北(bei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)臺(tai)地上(shang)，東(dong)西走向長(chang)(chang)約280米(mi)(mi)，南(nan)(nan)北(bei)走向長(chang)(chang)約300米(mi)(mi)，面(mian)積近10萬平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。是一(yi)處底蘊豐厚(hou)、內涵豐富(fu)、集多個歷史(shi)時(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)文(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)。 該遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要部(bu)(bu)分是早(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)文(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)存，分布于遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)中部(bu)(bu)，目前(qian)已經(jing)發現(xian)的(de)(de)遺(yi)(yi)跡有(you)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)、宮殿基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)、房基(ji)、灰坑等。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)平面(mian)成方(fang)形，周長(chang)(chang)約1200米(mi)(mi)，西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻和(he)北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻保(bao)存較好(hao)，長(chang)(chang)度約為(wei)300米(mi)(mi)，地面(mian)暴(bao)露(lu)的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)分高為(wei)2-3米(mi)(mi)，分層明顯。在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)中部(bu)(bu)發現(xian)4處宮殿基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)，其中一(yi)號宮殿基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)于城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)，平面(mian)為(wei)長(chang)(chang)方(fang)形，南(nan)(nan)北(bei)長(chang)(chang)70米(mi)(mi)，東(dong)西寬50米(mi)(mi)，分為(wei)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)兩(liang)個院(yuan)落，由南(nan)(nan)殿、正(zheng)殿、北(bei)殿與東(dong)回廊、西回廊構成一(yi)個封閉性的(de)(de)組群建筑(zhu)，這(zhe)種建筑(zhu)結(jie)構在(zai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)代考古中發現(xian)。經(jing)考證，府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)是一(yi)處商(shang)(shang)(shang)代早(zao)期(qi)軍事重(zhong)鎮。府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)代早(zao)期(qi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)是河南(nan)(nan)繼鄭州商(shang)(shang)(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)偃師商(shang)(shang)(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)后又一(yi)重(zhong)要發現(xian)，對研究(jiu)夏商(shang)(shang)(shang)周斷代以(yi)及(ji)夏商(shang)(shang)(shang)周的(de)(de)政治(zhi)、經(jing)濟、軍事、文(wen)化等具(ju)有(you)重(zhong)要價值。1999年被《中國文(wen)物(wu)報(bao)》評為(wei)全(quan)國十大考古新(xin)發現(xian)之(zhi)一(yi)。2001年6月，府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)被國務(wu)院(yuan)公(gong)布為(wei)第五批全(quan)國重(zhong)點文(wen)物(wu)保(bao)護單位(wei)。

遺址保護

府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)應在(zai)如下幾個方(fang)面抓緊進(jin)行(xing):(1)成立(li)由(you)市政府(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)要領導牽頭,建設、規劃(hua)、文化(文物(wu))、公(gong)(gong)安、土(tu)地(di)、環(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、工商(shang)、交通、水(shui)利、旅(lv)游、園林以(yi)(yi)及當地(di)區(qu)、鄉政府(fu)(fu)(fu)、所(suo)在(zai)村(cun)等(deng)部(bu)門(men)主(zhu)要領導參加的(de)府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)規劃(hua)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)利用領導小(xiao)組,協調(diao)解決府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)理中的(de)重(zhong)大(da)問題。(2)設立(li)焦(jiao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文物(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管(guan)(guan)所(suo),具體負(fu)(fu)責(ze)(ze)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)、管(guan)(guan)理、維修、綠化、宣傳等(deng)項工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),防止新(xin)的(de)破壞事件發(fa)生。(3)按照省政府(fu)(fu)(fu)1989年12月公(gong)(gong)布的(de)府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍,立(li)即在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)、一般保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)重(zhong)新(xin)樹(shu)立(li)標志牌和埋(mai)設界(jie)樁。(4)責(ze)(ze)成遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)在(zai)地(di)朱村(cun)鄉政府(fu)(fu)(fu)和府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)、啟心(xin)村(cun)委領導充(chong)實基層(ceng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)組織,并采取有(you)力措施,嚴禁農(nong)民在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)墻上及兩側種田、開荒(huang)、取土(tu)、挖沙,嚴禁在(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍內(nei)建筑(zhu)、筑(zhu)墳(fen)、打井、深(shen)翻土(tu)地(di)。文物(wu)主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)負(fu)(fu)責(ze)(ze)對此情況進(jin)行(xing)檢查和指導,及時(shi)解決問題。(5)對城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內(nei)外進(jin)行(xing)考古鉆探,搞清宗廟、街道、作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)坊、墓地(di)等(deng)總體布局。(6)制定《焦(jiao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)早(zao)商(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)理辦法(fa)》并由(you)焦(jiao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)市人(ren)民政府(fu)(fu)(fu)加以(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)布實施,使該遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)法(fa)制化。