明嘉靖十(shi)三(san)年(1534年),葉赫部城址西(xi)城、商(shang)監府城始建。
嘉靖二十五年(1547年),葉赫部城(cheng)址東城(cheng)始建。
萬歷四十七年(1619年),葉赫部城址東城、西(xi)城與商監府(fu)城同時廢棄。
1979年,四平市地(di)區文物調查小組(zu)對(dui)葉赫部城(cheng)址進行了考古(gu)調查。
1983年6月(yue),為配合(he)中(zhong)國(guo)第二次文(wen)物(wu)普查,四平市地區文(wen)物(wu)調(diao)查小組對葉赫部城(cheng)址進行了第2次考古(gu)調(diao)查。
1994年6月(yue),葉赫(he)那拉(la)城(位于葉赫(he)鎮(zhen)轉(zhuan)山(shan)湖水庫東山(shan)之上)仿(fang)古建筑群工程動工。
1995年8月(yue),葉(xie)赫那拉城竣工,占地1萬平方米,建筑面(mian)積(ji)7000平方米。
1997年,四(si)平市地(di)區文物調查小組對葉赫部(bu)城址進(jin)行了第3次考古調查。
2007年,為配合(he)中(zhong)國(guo)第(di)三次文物普查,四平市(shi)地區文物調(diao)(diao)查小組對葉赫部城址進(jin)行了第(di)4次考(kao)古調(diao)(diao)查。
2014、2015年(nian),為配合中國文(wen)物(wu)信息咨詢中心編制葉(xie)赫部(bu)城(cheng)址(zhi)保護規(gui)劃,四平(ping)市文(wen)物(wu)管理委員會辦公(gong)室又組織專業人(ren)員對(dui)葉(xie)赫部(bu)東城(cheng)、西城(cheng)進(jin)(jin)行了局(ju)部(bu)勘探,并對(dui)葉(xie)赫部(bu)周邊城(cheng)寨進(jin)(jin)行調查。
葉(xie)赫部城(cheng)(cheng)址有(you)(you)東城(cheng)(cheng)、西城(cheng)(cheng)和商監(jian)府城(cheng)(cheng)3座城(cheng)(cheng),呈三角形分(fen)布,東城(cheng)(cheng)與西城(cheng)(cheng)隔葉(xie)赫河(he)相望,商監(jian)府城(cheng)(cheng)位(wei)于(yu)東城(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)南(nan)。西城(cheng)(cheng)依(yi)自(zi)然山勢修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)筑,堅固險要。其外城(cheng)(cheng)用石(shi)頭修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)筑,石(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)外又加(jia)筑木柵欄(lan),而里(li)面又修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)木城(cheng)(cheng),木城(cheng)(cheng)中有(you)(you)八角明樓(lou)。
東(dong)(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)原稱“臺柱寨”,因(yin)修筑(zhu)(zhu)時間比西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)晚,又位于葉(xie)赫河東(dong)(dong)岸(an),故稱新城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或東(dong)(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),東(dong)(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)外(wai)(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之分。外(wai)(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)三面(mian)(mian)環水,一(yi)面(mian)(mian)靠山,平(ping)面(mian)(mian)呈(cheng)圓(yuan)角方形,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣為(wei)土(tu)石堆(dui)筑(zhu)(zhu),周(zhou)長3500米(mi),面(mian)(mian)積(ji)約61萬(wan)(wan)平(ping)方米(mi);內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建在外(wai)(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正中一(yi)座突起的平(ping)頂山丘之上,平(ping)面(mian)(mian)呈(cheng)橢圓(yuan)形,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣沿山崖邊緣修筑(zhu)(zhu),周(zhou)長1113米(mi),面(mian)(mian)積(ji)9萬(wan)(wan)平(ping)方米(mi),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣外(wai)(wai)(wai)壁斜坡殘高24米(mi),內(nei)(nei)壁斜坡殘高3-4米(mi),內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南北2座門(men)門(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)均有(you)馬蹄形甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)為(wei)2扇向內(nei)(nei)對開,用(yong)厚木板外(wai)(wai)(wai)包鐵皮并(bing)以大頭鐵門(men)釘加固(gu),故有(you)石城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鐵門(men)之稱,有(you)角樓(lou)而(er)無馬面(mian)(mian),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)有(you)八(ba)角明樓(lou)(迎神殿(dian))、瓦(wa)子堂(祭神殿(dian))、貝勒府和(he)格格樓(lou)等建筑(zhu)(zhu)遺址,官邸、民宅(zhai)、倉儲、作坊等建筑(zhu)(zhu)。
西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)稱“夜黑寨”,因修(xiu)筑(zhu)時間比東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)早(zao),又(you)位(wei)于葉赫河之西岸,故(gu)稱老城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之分。外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)三面依(yi)山,一面臨水,平面呈橢圓形(xing),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)以土石(shi)堆筑(zhu),殘(can)(can)高2-3米,周長(chang)2347米,面積約43萬平方(fang)米,辟東(dong)、西二(er)門;內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建在外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)南隅一座突起的山頭(tou)上,平面呈梯(ti)形(xing),南寬北窄(zhai),依(yi)山勢走(zou)向筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)亦為(wei)土石(shi)堆筑(zhu),周長(chang)702米,面積約2.5萬平方(fang)米,東(dong)墻和南墻沿陡崖邊緣修(xiu)筑(zhu),殘(can)(can)高3-4米,西墻和北墻為(wei)平地(di)起筑(zhu),殘(can)(can)高10-12米,有(you)角樓四座,殘(can)(can)高14米,凸出城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)3米,有(you)馬(ma)(ma)面12座,殘(can)(can)高12米,凸出城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)2米,馬(ma)(ma)面間距20-40米不等,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內有(you)2處長(chang)方(fang)形(xing)建筑(zhu)址。
商監(jian)府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),又稱(cheng)珊延沃赫城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),即(ji)白石山(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),平(ping)面(mian)呈長(chang)方(fang)形,有(you)(you)內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和外城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之分。內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)(you)2重城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan),外重城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)周長(chang)497米(mi)(mi),面(mian)積約1.8萬平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi);外城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)沿山(shan)脊修筑,周長(chang)1500米(mi)(mi),面(mian)積約16萬平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi),此城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)(you)角樓,無(wu)馬面(mian),無(wu)甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。
葉赫(he)部城(cheng)(cheng)址東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)地(di)表(biao)散布的泥(ni)質灰(hui)陶(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)、缸(gang)胎釉(you)和(he)明代(dai)青花、五(wu)彩(cai)瓷(ci)片(pian)(pian),與(yu)西(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)相同,但(dan)數(shu)量遠比西(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)多;葉赫(he)部城(cheng)(cheng)址西(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)地(di)面散布大(da)量輪制泥(ni)質灰(hui)陶(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)和(he)醬陶(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)殘(can)片(pian)(pian),另有明代(dai)青花、五(wu)彩(cai)、斗彩(cai)和(he)單(dan)色瓷(ci)殘(can)片(pian)(pian);西(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)遍(bian)布青磚、布紋(wen)瓦(wa)、仰蓮紋(wen)瓦(wa)當和(he)三角形(xing)滴水、白灰(hui)塊等遺物;葉赫(he)部城(cheng)(cheng)址商監府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)地(di)表(biao)散布輪制泥(ni)質灰(hui)陶(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)和(he)缸(gang)胎釉(you)陶(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)及明代(dai)青花、五(wu)彩(cai)瓷(ci)器殘(can)片(pian)(pian)、鐵箭(jian)頭、鐵刀(dao)等遺物。
葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)部(bu)城址是四(si)(si)平市重(zhong)要的文化(hua)遺產,為明代海西女真扈倫四(si)(si)部(bu)之一(yi)葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)部(bu)的故城,是滿族(zu)的發祥地之一(yi),葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)部(bu)城址保(bao)護(hu)規劃的編制,為保(bao)護(hu)、開發、利用該城址,并對四(si)(si)平市的經濟發展及(ji)文化(hua)旅游產業(ye)具有重(zhong)大意(yi)義。
保護措(cuo)施2006年5月(yue)25日,葉赫部(bu)城址被中華(hua)人民(min)共和國(guo)國(guo)務院公布為(wei)第六批全國(guo)重點(dian)文物(wu)保護單位。
2017年,四平市文(wen)物(wu)管理委員(yuan)會辦公(gong)室編制《葉赫(he)部城址文(wen)物(wu)保護規(gui)劃》,依(yi)托葉赫(he)部城址這一(yi)歷史文(wen)化遺產,協調好文(wen)物(wu)保護與(yu)經濟開發的關系(xi)。
在(zai)扈倫四部(bu)中,以葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)部(bu)強,又(you)受明(ming)朝(chao)的支持(chi)。努(nu)(nu)爾(er)(er)哈赤繼(ji)對葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)兩(liang)次(ci)征討之(zhi)后,于萬歷四十(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)即天命(ming)(ming)四年(nian)(nian)(1619年(nian)(nian)),再(zai)次(ci)發兵(bing)(bing)攻打葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he);正月初二日,努(nu)(nu)爾(er)(er)哈赤命(ming)(ming)大貝勒代善率將十(shi)六員(yuan)、兵(bing)(bing)五(wu)千人(ren),往守(shou)扎(zha)喀關(guan),防止明(ming)軍偷襲建(jian)州,親(qin)率傾國之(zhi)師(shi)起行;初七(qi)日,深入葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)界,建(jian)州兵(bing)(bing)自克亦特城(cheng)、粘罕寨(zhai)焚掠(lve)至葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)城(cheng)東十(shi)里,俘獲大量人(ren)民、畜產、糧食和財物,盡焚葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)城(cheng)十(shi)里外(wai)之(zhi)大小屯(tun)寨(zhai)二十(shi)余處,葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)向明(ming)乞(qi)師(shi),明(ming)開原(yuan)總(zong)兵(bing)(bing)馬林率合(he)城(cheng)兵(bing)(bing)馳(chi)救,建(jian)州軍為(wei)避(bi)免(mian)兩(liang)面(mian)受敵,班師(shi)而(er)回,葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)為(wei)著報答明(ming)朝(chao),派兵(bing)(bing)二千應(ying)援薩爾(er)(er)滸之(zhi)戰(后文敘述)的明(ming)軍,時努(nu)(nu)爾(er)(er)哈赤謀使所屬(shu)詐降葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)金臺(tai)石,金臺(tai)石不應(ying),建(jian)州在(zai)取(qu)得(de)薩爾(er)(er)滸大捷(jie)之(zhi)后,乘機發兵(bing)(bing)再(zai)征葉(xie)(xie)赫(he)(he)。
萬歷四(si)十七年即天命四(si)年(1619年)八(ba)月(yue),努爾(er)(er)哈(ha)(ha)赤召集(ji)諸王貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)大(da)(da)臣會議(yi)(yi),商討(tao)對葉赫(he)(he)(he)的作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)計劃,并誓言:“此舉如不(bu)克平葉赫(he)(he)(he),吾必不(bu)反〔返(fan)〕國也。”(徐乾(qian)學(xue):《葉赫(he)(he)(he)國貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)家乘(cheng)》清鈔本)時葉赫(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)金(jin)臺(tai)石(shi)住(zhu)(zhu)東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)布(bu)揚古住(zhu)(zhu)西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),兩城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)距四(si)里(li)。諸王貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)大(da)(da)臣會議(yi)(yi)決(jue)定(ding):大(da)(da)貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)代(dai)(dai)善、二貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)阿敏(舒爾(er)(er)哈(ha)(ha)齊(qi)之子)、三貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)莽古爾(er)(er)泰、四(si)貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)皇太(tai)極(ji)等率護(hu)(hu)軍(jun)(jun)健騎,揚言征(zheng)討(tao)蒙古,繞路(lu)潛行,直投葉赫(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)布(bu)揚古駐(zhu)地西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),又命額(e)亦都等領前鋒軍(jun)(jun),“扮為(wei)蒙古兵(bing)”,馳投葉赫(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)金(jin)臺(tai)石(shi)駐(zhu)地東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),努爾(er)(er)哈(ha)(ha)赤親率八(ba)固(gu)山額(e)真(zhen),直督(du)大(da)(da)軍(jun)(jun),隨后(hou)進圍金(jin)臺(tai)石(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng);大(da)(da)軍(jun)(jun)于(yu)十九日出(chu)發,即斷(duan)絕(jue)往來信(xin)息。葉赫(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)金(jin)臺(tai)石(shi)駐(zhu)地東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),依山修筑,堅固(gu)險要。東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)葉赫(he)(he)(he)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之役攻堅所在;二十二日,后(hou)金(jin)軍(jun)(jun)進至葉赫(he)(he)(he)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)下,葉赫(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)金(jin)臺(tai)石(shi)、布(bu)揚古各統兵(bing)出(chu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),鳴角操鼓,準(zhun)備迎(ying)戰(zhan)(zhan),后(hou)金(jin)軍(jun)(jun)盔甲(jia)鮮(xian)明,劍戟林立,鉦鼓相(xiang)聞,河谷震(zhen)蕩,兩軍(jun)(jun)混戰(zhan)(zhan)多時,葉赫(he)(he)(he)貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)見勢不(bu)能敵(di),令鳴角收兵(bing),入城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堅守(shou),代(dai)(dai)善等四(si)大(da)(da)貝(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)勒(le)(le)督(du)率護(hu)(hu)軍(jun)(jun)圍布(bu)揚古所住(zhu)(zhu)西城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),努爾(er)(er)哈(ha)(ha)赤率額(e)亦都等督(du)軍(jun)(jun)圍金(jin)臺(tai)石(shi)所住(zhu)(zhu)東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。