慶云(yun)摩(mo)崖石刻位于通化市梅河口市小(xiao)楊(yang)朝鮮族滿族自(zi)治鄉(xiang)慶云(yun)村(cun)北0.5公(gong)里處的半截山南坡之上,西為山城鎮(zhen)通往吉樂鄉(xiang)的公(gong)路(lu)。地理坐標:北緯42°17′15.0",東經125°26′1.4",高程387米(mi)。2013年被國(guo)務院(yuan)公(gong)布為第七批全(quan)國(guo)重點文物保護單(dan)位。
慶云(yun)摩(mo)崖石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)是(shi)(shi)我國僅(jin)存的(de)幾塊(kuai)女(nv)真字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)碑之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi),碑文(wen)銘刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)在(zai)距地表22米(mi)的(de)山(shan)半腰一(yi)(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)凸出的(de)巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)上。刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)石(shi)(shi)(shi)共有兩處(chu),一(yi)(yi)(yi)處(chu)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)漢(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和女(nv)真字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),另一(yi)(yi)(yi)處(chu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)女(nv)真字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。漢(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和女(nv)真字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)鐫刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)在(zai)東(dong)(dong)側(ce)。漢(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)豎(shu)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)于高2.45米(mi),面(mian)寬(kuan)1.1~2.25米(mi)的(de)大(da)(da)石(shi)(shi)(shi)右(you)上角,刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)清(qing)晰,共三行(xing)(xing)(xing),“大(da)(da)金(jin)太祖(zu)大(da)(da)破(po)(po)遼(liao)軍(jun)于節山(shan)息(xi)馬(ma)(ma)立石(shi)(shi)(shi)”十(shi)五字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),右(you)起豎(shu)書楷字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)跡清(qing)晰。漢(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)左側(ce)另有女(nv)真字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)四行(xing)(xing)(xing)二十(shi)三字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),大(da)(da)約是(shi)(shi)漢(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)對譯。女(nv)真字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)位于西(xi)側(ce),石(shi)(shi)(shi)壁高約2米(mi),寬(kuan)1.1米(mi),面(mian)向東(dong)(dong)南,中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)有女(nv)真字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)七行(xing)(xing)(xing)。前五行(xing)(xing)(xing)每行(xing)(xing)(xing)14或15字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)等,后二行(xing)(xing)(xing)每行(xing)(xing)(xing)僅(jin)4或5字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),個別文(wen)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)辨,絕大(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)數尚清(qing)晰。從碑文(wen)的(de)內容來看,處(chu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)都記(ji)載了金(jin)初一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)較大(da)(da)戰事。西(xi)側(ce)的(de)女(nv)真文(wen)石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),據(ju)孫進已(yi)同志譯釋,為(wei)(wei)(wei)“我父阿臺于收國二年(nian)五月五日,率領(ling)家(jia)族和部(bu)(bu)落,集合(he)至番安兒之(zhi)(zhi)原。擒(qin)獲頗(po)多(duo)(duo),因以(yi)謀克(ke)為(wei)(wei)(wei)孛”。和東(dong)(dong)側(ce)漢(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)碑中(zhong)“大(da)(da)金(jin)太祖(zu)大(da)(da)破(po)(po)遼(liao)軍(jun)于節山(shan)息(xi)馬(ma)(ma)立石(shi)(shi)(shi)”相對照,“收國”為(wei)(wei)(wei)金(jin)太祖(zu)年(nian)號,“擒(qin)獲頗(po)多(duo)(duo)”和大(da)(da)破(po)(po)遼(liao)軍(jun)意思近同,二者所記(ji)可能同為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)事。記(ji)載了金(jin)代初期發生在(zai)海龍一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶的(de)戰事。
清光緒(xu)年間楊同桂(gui)所(suo)著(zhu)的《沈故》中早對慶云(yun)摩崖石刻(ke)做(zuo)了(le)著(zhu)錄(lu),并認為石刻(ke)為“金之國(guo)書(shu)”。此后(hou)從清末至(zhi)民國(guo)期間多(duo)部方志(zhi)、碑刻(ke)金石考證的著(zhu)述中對石刻(ke)有(you)所(suo)記述。1935年,東(dong)北(bei)史大家金毓(yu)黻在《東(dong)北(bei)文獻(xian)拾零》一書(shu)中,對漢字摩崖的發現經過和具體方位做(zuo)了(le)記述。
目(mu)前,吉(ji)林省境內現存(cun)女真文(wen)(wen)字(zi)實物很(hen)少,慶云摩崖石刻上(shang)鐫(juan)有七(qi)十(shi)余女真文(wen)(wen)字(zi),絕大部分文(wen)(wen)字(zi)清晰(xi)可(ke)見,是研(yan)究女真文(wen)(wen)字(zi)不可(ke)多(duo)得(de)的石刻文(wen)(wen)化遺存(cun)。碑文(wen)(wen)中記述之事,為了解海(hai)龍縣的歷史沿(yan)革(ge),研(yan)究遼(liao)、金斷代史,提供了重要的文(wen)(wen)字(zi)佐證,學術價值彌足珍(zhen)貴。