芒果视频下载

介紹

羊(yang)舞嶺古窯(yao)址(zhi)位于湖(hu)南資水流域下游的丘陵地區(qu)，是宋元(yuan)至(zhi)明、清時期南方燒造瓷器(qi)頗具規模的一處民間窯(yao)場(chang)，燒制(zhi)的產(chan)品主(zhu)要分為(wei)青白(bai)瓷、青瓷、黑釉(you)瓷、褐釉(you)瓷和青花瓷，制(zhi)瓷工(gong)藝主(zhu)要受景德(de)鎮(zhen)影響，著名古陶瓷學家馮(feng)先銘所著《中(zhong)國陶瓷》把益陽窯(yao)劃分在(zai)景德(de)鎮(zhen)窯(yao)青白(bai)瓷系范疇。

羊舞(wu)嶺古窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)址(zhi)分布在益陽市(shi)赫山區(qu)龍光橋與(yu)石筍鄉交(jiao)界的早禾(he)、楊泗、牌樓(lou)、高嶺和(he)水井坳等(deng)幾(ji)個村(cun)(cun)，因(yin)為主(zhu)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)場(chang)過去所(suo)在的地名(ming)叫(jiao)羊舞(wu)嶺，故文(wen)物學(xue)名(ming)稱為"羊舞(wu)嶺窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)"。此窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)發(fa)現于上世紀70年代，窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)場(chang)考察范圍的面積(ji)達5平(ping)方公里，顯露出的古窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)場(chang)面積(ji)近20000平(ping)方米，大量的窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)具與(yu)殘(can)瓷堆積(ji)如山，主(zhu)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)場(chang)早禾(he)村(cun)(cun)碗(wan)盆山窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)址(zhi)和(he)蜈蚣塘村(cun)(cun)窯(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)址(zhi)于1996年被省人民政(zheng)府(fu)公布為湖南省重點文(wen)物保(bao)護(hu)單(dan)位。

折疊羊舞嶺古窯特征

羊舞(wu)嶺(ling)古窯(yao)(yao)出品的(de)宋(song)、元(yuan)、明(ming)時(shi)期(qi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)瓷，源(yuan)于(yu)景德(de)鎮湖田窯(yao)(yao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)白(bai)(bai)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)瓷和(he)(he)浙江龍泉(quan)窯(yao)(yao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)瓷，從形(xing)制與(yu)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)工(gong)藝上(shang)鑒(jian)別同益陽出土的(de)宋(song)元(yuan)、明(ming)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)白(bai)(bai)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)瓷和(he)(he)龍泉(quan)窯(yao)(yao)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)瓷有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)些相似之處。羊舞(wu)嶺(ling)古窯(yao)(yao)瓷胎(tai)采(cai)用本地高嶺(ling)土燒(shao)(shao)制，胎(tai)質堅硬(ying)緊密(mi)呈灰(hui)白(bai)(bai)色(se)。宋(song)末元(yuan)初所燒(shao)(shao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)較小(xiao)，胎(tai)體(ti)(ti)輕(qing)薄(bo)(bo)(bo)，元(yuan)代至明(ming)代中期(qi)胎(tai)體(ti)(ti)厚重(zhong)而(er)器(qi)(qi)(qi)形(xing)變(bian)大，進入明(ming)代晚期(qi)碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)、盤(pan)、杯等器(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)趨向(xiang)小(xiao)巧而(er)胎(tai)體(ti)(ti)變(bian)薄(bo)(bo)(bo)，與(yu)景德(de)鎮晚明(ming)民窯(yao)(yao)生產的(de)小(xiao)盤(pan)小(xiao)碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)等器(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)的(de)工(gong)藝相接(jie)近(jin)。宋(song)元(yuan)時(shi)期(qi)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)面(mian)厚薄(bo)(bo)(bo)均勻(yun)(yun)，較為(wei)滋潤，釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)色(se)主要有(you)(you)(you)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)白(bai)(bai)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、天青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、粉青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)等，明(ming)代中前(qian)期(qi)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)汁有(you)(you)(you)厚有(you)(you)(you)薄(bo)(bo)(bo)，厚者晶瑩透亮，有(you)(you)(you)玻(bo)璃(li)質感(gan)和(he)(he)開冰裂紋其(qi)類似龍泉(quan)窯(yao)(yao)，晚明(ming)至清(qing)代釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)面(mian)多(duo)不純(chun)凈，施釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)多(duo)不均勻(yun)(yun)。青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)瓷在(zai)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)手(shou)法(fa)上(shang)多(duo)模仿青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)白(bai)(bai)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)龍泉(quan)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)瓷，有(you)(you)(you)篦劃、刻花、模印、貼(tie)塑(su)和(he)(he)鏤空等工(gong)藝較為(wei)常見，元(yuan)代褐(he)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)點彩朵花紋上(shang)承長沙窯(yao)(yao)的(de)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)特點。器(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)用途以生活實器(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)主，陳設器(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)冥(ming)器(qi)(qi)(qi)較少(shao)見，器(qi)(qi)(qi)形(xing)有(you)(you)(you)瓶、罐、壺、香(xiang)爐、盞、油燈、硯臺、水注以及盤(pan)和(he)(he)杯，碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)形(xing)多(duo)變(bian)有(you)(you)(you)斗笠碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)、折腰碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)、墩(dun)式(shi)碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)、高足碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)、臥足碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)和(he)(he)斂口碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)等。在(zai)裝(zhuang)燒(shao)(shao)技術上(shang)繼承了景德(de)鎮北宋(song)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)白(bai)(bai)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)瓷匣缽(bo)覆燒(shao)(shao)工(gong)藝，大量(liang)的(de)碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)、杯、碟器(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)口沿(yan)無(wu)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)芒口，質量(liang)稍好的(de)器(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)在(zai)口沿(yan)上(shang)涂了一(yi)(yi)層褐(he)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)彩，另外(wai)使用疊(die)式(shi)燒(shao)(shao)法(fa)而(er)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)些盤(pan)、碗(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)與(yu)蓋缽(bo)內底無(wu)釉(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)或(huo)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)澀圈以至失去美(mei)觀。

折疊發掘

羊舞嶺(ling)古窯(yao)至今尚無可查閱(yue)的(de)(de)歷史記載和科學的(de)(de)窯(yao)址考(kao)古發掘(jue)資料，上世(shi)紀八九十年代(dai)除省(sheng)內專(zhuan)家(jia)多次進行(xing)過考(kao)察，南京(jing)博(bo)物(wu)院著名(ming)古陶瓷(ci)學者(zhe)張浦生先生以及日本名(ming)城大學教授加騰瑛二曾經專(zhuan)程來益(yi)陽(yang)考(kao)察過羊舞嶺(ling)古窯(yao)。益(yi)陽(yang)市博(bo)物(wu)館通過多年不懈的(de)(de)努力(li)，陸續從考(kao)古發掘(jue)與(yu)流散文物(wu)征集以及益(yi)陽(yang)藏家(jia)的(de)(de)捐獻中(zhong)獲(huo)取了(le)(le)一(yi)些完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)(de)實物(wu)，在豐富(fu)了(le)(le)館藏羊舞嶺(ling)古窯(yao)的(de)(de)標本與(yu)標準(zhun)器(qi)的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上，逐步提高了(le)(le)對(dui)羊舞嶺(ling)古窯(yao)古陶瓷(ci)的(de)(de)歷史研究與(yu)年代(dai)認定。在益(yi)陽(yang)民(min)間(jian)收(shou)藏中(zhong)不斷出現的(de)(de)羊舞嶺(ling)古窯(yao)古陶瓷(ci)精品已(yi)得到藏家(jia)的(de)(de)厚愛與(yu)典藏。