天(tian)心(xin)閣(ge)古城(cheng)(cheng)墻位(wei)于長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)市城(cheng)(cheng)南路(lu)(lu)與天(tian)心(xin)路(lu)(lu)交會處西北(bei),是(shi)一(yi)座體現明(ming)代(dai)(dai)(dai)漢族建筑(zhu)風格的(de)(de)古建筑(zhu)。明(ming)洪武年間(1368~1398),長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)守御指揮邱廣營(ying)建長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)城(cheng)(cheng)垣,將元代(dai)(dai)(dai)所(suo)筑(zhu)土城(cheng)(cheng)墻全部(bu)改用石(shi)基磚砌。今僅(jin)存天(tian)心(xin)閣(ge)古城(cheng)(cheng)墻一(yi)段,余已拆(chai)除(chu)。 明(ming)末(mo),張(zhang)獻(xian)忠率部(bu)攻入(ru)長(chang)(chang)沙(sha),城(cheng)(cheng)墻曾(ceng)遭(zao)破壞(huai),清順治十一(yi)年(1654),洪承疇駐節(jie)長(chang)(chang)沙(sha),拆(chai)運明(ming)藩(fan)王(wang)府(fu)磚石(shi)修筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)墻,使長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)再度"城(cheng)(cheng)池崇屹,甲于他郡"。長(chang)(chang)沙(sha)古城(cheng)(cheng)墻的(de)(de)重要組成(cheng)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)——“月城(cheng)(cheng)”,又名甕城(cheng)(cheng)。顧名思義,因(yin)形狀(zhuang)像半個月亮(liang)而得(de)名,是(shi)古代(dai)(dai)(dai)兵勇囤兵和放(fang)置炮臺(tai)的(de)(de)地方。它一(yi)般分(fen)(fen)上下(xia)(xia)兩(liang)部(bu)分(fen)(fen),上面(mian)放(fang)置遠射程大炮,下(xia)(xia)面(mian)放(fang)置近(jin)射程大炮。湖南省文物保護(hu)單位(wei)。
明(ming)洪武年間(1368~1398),長沙(sha)(sha)守御指(zhi)揮邱廣營建長沙(sha)(sha)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣,將元代(dai)所筑(zhu)土城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)全部(bu)(bu)改用(yong)石(shi)基磚砌(qi)。今僅存天心閣古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)一段(duan),余已拆除(chu)。 明(ming)末,張獻忠率(lv)部(bu)(bu)攻(gong)入長沙(sha)(sha),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)曾遭(zao)破(po)壞,清順治十一年(1654),洪承疇駐(zhu)節長沙(sha)(sha),拆運明(ming)藩(fan)王(wang)府磚石(shi)修筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang),使長沙(sha)(sha)再度"城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池崇屹,甲于他郡(jun)"。
清咸豐二年(nian)(1852),太平軍攻占長(chang)沙(sha)之后,撫臺駱秉(bing)章、毛鴻賓、惲世臨(lin)、李翰章、劉琨等先(xian)后重修,對天(tian)(tian)(tian)心(xin)閣(ge)段(duan)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)著力加固,設炮(pao)臺9座,并(bing)增建月城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),使古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)成半環拱(gong)式內雙城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)格局。辛亥革命以(yi)后,拆除長(chang)沙(sha)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang),修筑(zhu)環城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公路(lu),惟留下(xia)天(tian)(tian)(tian)心(xin)閣(ge)一(yi)段(duan)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)作為(wei)勝跡。當時(shi)有聯云:"閣(ge)上九霄(xiao)迎日月,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)留一(yi)角看江山"。今存天(tian)(tian)(tian)心(xin)閣(ge)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang),長(chang)226.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(為(wei)明代所筑(zhu)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)的1/35),高13.4米(mi)(mi)(mi),頂面寬6.1米(mi)(mi)(mi),占地5125平方米(mi)(mi)(mi)。1983年(nian),湖南省、長(chang)沙(sha)市人民政府撥款(kuan),進行全面維修。