永春桃溪水利風景區概況
桃溪(xi)(xi)流域水(shui)利風景區以桃溪(xi)(xi)縣城河(he)段為主體(ti),向上游、下游輻(fu)射整個流域沿途景觀,西起石鼓鎮卿園(yuan)橋(qiao),東(dong)(dong)(dong)至東(dong)(dong)(dong)關鎮東(dong)(dong)(dong)關古橋(qiao),主河(he)道長 19 公里(li),規劃總面積(ji)(ji)(ji) 5.14 平方公里(li),其中水(shui)域面積(ji)(ji)(ji) 1.27 平方公里(li),陸地(di)面積(ji)(ji)(ji) 3.87 平方公里(li)。桃溪(xi)(xi)流經石鼓鎮、五(wu)里(li)街鎮、桃城鎮、東(dong)(dong)(dong)平鎮以及東(dong)(dong)(dong)關鎮 5 個鄉鎮。
河流
桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)永春(chun)(chun)(chun)縣(xian)(xian)錦(jin)斗(dou)鄉(xiang)珍卿村附近的(de)雪山(shan)南麓,流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)永春(chun)(chun)(chun)縣(xian)(xian)錦(jin)斗(dou)、呈祥(xiang)、蓬(peng)壺(hu)、達(da)(da)(da)埔、石鼓、五里街、桃(tao)(tao)城(cheng)和東(dong)(dong)平8個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen),出東(dong)(dong)關入山(shan)美水(shui)庫(ku)為晉江東(dong)(dong)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),全長(chang)(chang)61.75公(gong)里,主流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)自珍卿村口拱橋(qiao)至(zhi)(zhi)東(dong)(dong)關出縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)長(chang)(chang)48公(gong)里,流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積(ji)476平方公(gong)里,為永春(chun)(chun)(chun)縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)內(nei)最主要的(de)河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)。桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)道比降平均為6.2‰(至(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)文站),河(he)床最寬處百(bai)米以上。歷史上舟楫(ji)可通至(zhi)(zhi)石鼓潭(tan),1958年仍可通至(zhi)(zhi)儒(ru)林的(de)義烈(lie)祠后(hou),以后(hou)因(yin)水(shui)土流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)失嚴(yan)重,河(he)床淤(yu)積(ji),已失去舟楫(ji)之利(li)。桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)較大的(de)支流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)壺(hu)東(dong)(dong)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、延(yan)清(qing)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、達(da)(da)(da)里溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、高(gao)壟溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。壺(hu)東(dong)(dong)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)永春(chun)(chun)(chun)縣(xian)(xian)蘇(su)坑鄉(xiang)馬鞍與(yu)(yu)德化縣(xian)(xian)潯中鎮(zhen)(zhen)的(de)交(jiao)界處,流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)熙里、東(dong)(dong)星、溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)園、魁(kui)都、湯城(cheng)、壺(hu)中,在(zai)(zai)雙溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)口與(yu)(yu)桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)匯合,全長(chang)(chang)13.75公(gong)里,流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)蘇(su)坑和蓬(peng)壺(hu)2個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)。延(yan)清(qing)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)永春(chun)(chun)(chun)縣(xian)(xian)蓬(peng)壺(hu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)聯星村,流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)源(yuan)(yuan)、前峰、蓬(peng)萊、建國(guo),在(zai)(zai)達(da)(da)(da)埔鄉(xiang)新瓊村匯入桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),全長(chang)(chang)8公(gong)里。達(da)(da)(da)里溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)永春(chun)(chun)(chun)縣(xian)(xian)達(da)(da)(da)埔鄉(xiang)達(da)(da)(da)山(shan),流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)達(da)(da)(da)中、金星,在(zai)(zai)橋(qiao)頭宮(gong)注(zhu)入桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),全長(chang)(chang)8公(gong)里。高(gao)壟溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)2個源(yuan)(yuan)地:東(dong)(dong)源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)吾峰鄉(xiang)吾頂,流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)梅林、后(hou)壟、埔頭、社山(shan)、西(xi)安,在(zai)(zai)五里街鎮(zhen)(zhen)西(xi)安橋(qiao)下匯入桃(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),全長(chang)(chang)11.5公(gong)里;西(xi)源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)桃(tao)(tao)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)玳(dai)瑁山(shan)西(xi)面(mian),流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經(jing)(jing)蔣溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、吾達(da)(da)(da)、吾東(dong)(dong),在(zai)(zai)五里街鎮(zhen)(zhen)與(yu)(yu)高(gao)壟溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)相匯合,全長(chang)(chang)4.5公(gong)里。
桃溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發源于(yu)雪山南麓的(de)(de)珍卿尖,流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經(jing)錦(jin)斗、呈祥(xiang)、蓬壸、達埔、石鼓(gu)、五里(li)街、桃城(cheng)、東(dong)平等八(ba)(ba)個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮,出(chu)東(dong)關入山美(mei)水庫(ku)為(wei)晉江(jiang)東(dong)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),全長(chang)六(liu)十(shi)一(yi).七(qi)五公(gong)里(li)。主流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)自珍卿村口拱橋至(zhi)東(dong)關出(chu)縣境長(chang)四(si)十(shi)八(ba)(ba)公(gong)里(li)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域面積(ji)(ji)四(si)百七(qi)十(shi)六(liu)平方(fang)公(gong)里(li),溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)面積(ji)(ji)五千二(er)百零八(ba)(ba)畝,流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域平均(jun)坡度為(wei)百分(fen)(fen)之二(er)十(shi)五,溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)床坡降平均(jun)為(wei)百分(fen)(fen)之零點六(liu)二(er)(至(zhi)水文站),溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)床最寛處百米以(yi)上(shang)。歷史上(shang)舟(zhou)楫(ji)可通(tong)至(zhi)石鼓(gu)潭,一(yi)九五八(ba)(ba)年(nian)仍可通(tong)至(zhi)儒林的(de)(de)義烈祠(ci)后。以(yi)后水土流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)失嚴重(zhong)(一(yi)九八(ba)(ba)二(er)年(nian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)沙量為(wei)三十(shi)七(qi).八(ba)(ba)萬噸),溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)道淤(yu)積(ji)(ji),成為(wei)淺灘沙溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
桃(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)是永春的主(zhu)溪(xi)(xi)(xi),匯支流(liu)較多。在錦斗鄉(xiang)匯洪(hong)內溪(xi)(xi)(xi);呈祥鄉(xiang)柴(chai)橋(qiao)(qiao)頭匯呈祥溪(xi)(xi)(xi);經(jing)龍(long)潭出馬(ma)跳至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蓬壸,北(bei)(bei)(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)都溪(xi)(xi)(xi),東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)壸東(dong)溪(xi)(xi)(xi);折向(xiang)南(nan)(nan)到壸口橋(qiao)(qiao),西(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)西(xi)(xi)昌小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng),東(dong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)蘇阪小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng);至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)芹(qin)山(shan)前(qian)折向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)流(liu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孔(kong)里宮(gong),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)高(gao)麗溪(xi)(xi)(xi)來(lai)會(hui);轉(zhuan)南(nan)(nan)繞(rao)芹(qin)山(shan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)達(da)埔坪尾(wei)(wei),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)路尾(wei)(wei)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng),至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉樹壟有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)竹下坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng);轉(zhuan)東(dong)南(nan)(nan)經(jing)神廟(miao)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)橋(qiao)(qiao)頭宮(gong)一帶,西(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)延清(qing)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)、達(da)理溪(xi)(xi)(xi),東(dong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)源于(yu)百丈巖的漢口坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng);再(zai)向(xiang)東(dong)流(liu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)洋角(jiao)尾(wei)(wei),南(nan)(nan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)源于(yu)舟(zhou)山(shan)的洑溪(xi)(xi)(xi),北(bei)(bei)(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東(dong)園坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng);繞(rao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)尾(wei)(wei)山(shan)向(xiang)北(bei)(bei)(bei)再(zai)斜轉(zhuan)東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei),經(jing)洑江至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)社山(shan),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)北(bei)(bei)(bei)來(lai)的田中坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng)、打石坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng)、磁灶坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng)、山(shan)前(qian)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng)等(deng)水會(hui)合;此后(hou)轉(zhuan)東(dong)南(nan)(nan)流(liu)到西(xi)(xi)安橋(qiao)(qiao)上下,匯合石鼓溪(xi)(xi)(xi)、高(gao)壟溪(xi)(xi)(xi),溪(xi)(xi)(xi)面(mian)進一步展寛;經(jing)五里街、桃(tao)城(cheng),北(bei)(bei)(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)源于(yu)大鵬山(shan)諸(zhu)小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng),東(dong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)龍(long)蛟沙小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng),南(nan)(nan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)德風(feng)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)、花石溪(xi)(xi)(xi);至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雙魚山(shan)下轉(zhuan)東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)行,再(zai)折向(xiang)東(dong)南(nan)(nan)繞(rao)花石山(shan)、水口山(shan)入東(dong)平(ping),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鼓溪(xi)(xi)(xi)、磨(mo)刀坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng)、羅洋坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng)、芹(qin)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)(keng)諸(zhu)水來(lai)會(hui);流(liu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)東(dong)關橋(qiao)(qiao)下,匯湖洋溪(xi)(xi)(xi)過馬(ma)甲等(deng)灘出縣境。
桃溪比較大的支流有四:
壸東溪,發源于蘇坑鄉馬(ma)鞍與德化交界處,全長十三(san).七五公里(li),流經(jing)熙里(li)、東星、溪園、魁斗、湯城、壸中,在雙溪口與桃溪匯合。
延清溪,發源(yuan)于蓬壸鄉(xiang)聯(lian)星(xing)村,全長八公里,流經(jing)溪源(yuan)、前鋒、蓬萊、建國,在新瓊與桃溪匯合(he)。
達理(li)溪,發源于烏石、達山、全長十公里(li),流經(jing)達理(li)、達中、金(jin)星,在橋頭宮與桃溪匯(hui)合。
高(gao)壟(long)(long)溪(xi)(xi),有二(er)個發源(yuan)地(di):吾頂(ding)、玳(dai)瑁山。源(yuan)于吾頂(ding)的(de)全(quan)(quan)長(chang)十(shi)一.五公(gong)里,梳經默林(lin)、后壟(long)(long)、吾西(xi)、吾中、棗嶺、高(gao)壟(long)(long)、埔頭、社(she)山、西(xi)安,在西(xi)安橋下與桃溪(xi)(xi)匯(hui)(hui)合。源(yuan)于玳(dai)瑁山西(xi)面的(de)全(quan)(quan)長(chang)四.五公(gong)里,經蔣溪(xi)(xi)、吾邊、吾東(dong),在高(gao)壟(long)(long)村相匯(hui)(hui)合。
桃溪(xi)(xi)(xi)屬中--老年期溪(xi)(xi)(xi)流,表(biao)現(xian)盆地溪(xi)(xi)(xi)流,形成(cheng)蛇曲。附城區(qu)的(de)(de)原河渞曾從現(xian)在(zai)的(de)(de)縣(xian)農場(chang)沿桃星、桃場(chang)至農科所,折北東(dong)經(jing)義(yi)烈祠北向東(dong)流(經(jing)縣(xian)體育場(chang)北面),經(jing)過多次(ci)洪水災害而逐漸改道為(wei)現(xian)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)流形狀。