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公園簡介

圖(tu)里(li)河國家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)位于(yu)大興安嶺中段西北坡(po)內蒙古自(zi)治區(qu)呼倫(lun)貝爾(er)市(shi)牙克石市(shi)圖(tu)里(li)河鎮(zhen)境內，隸屬于(yu)內蒙古大興安嶺重點國有林(lin)管理局(ju)圖(tu)里(li)河林(lin)業局(ju)。地(di)理坐標為東經121°27′51″~121° 44′47″，北緯50° 28 ′59″~50° 34 ′21 ″，總面積5413公(gong)頃(qing)，其(qi)中濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)面積3195公(gong)頃(qing)，濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)面積占濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)總面積的59.02%。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)內有劉少奇紀念(nian)林(lin)、鶴翔園(yuan)度(du)假村(cun)2個森林(lin)旅游景區(qu)。

濕地公園(yuan)內(nei)(nei)設(she)有大型觀景(jing)(jing)臺(tai)，長廊彎(wan)曲，環繞(rao)水面(mian)，臺(tai)前河水平如鏡(jing)面(mian)，清澈透明，水中環島樹(shu)高林密，植(zhi)被繁茂，呈現(xian)出(chu)色(se)彩(cai)斑斕的(de)(de)秋(qiu)(qiu)色(se)，與水面(mian)相(xiang)映(ying)，讓人(ren)誤入(ru)仙境。園(yuan)內(nei)(nei)建游覽棧道(dao)(dao)3.4公里，棧道(dao)(dao)曲徑蜿蜒，延伸至密林深處，沿棧道(dao)(dao)而(er)行(xing)，內(nei)(nei)心總會(hui)有種莫名的(de)(de)神秘(mi)感(gan)，不知前方會(hui)出(chu)現(xian)怎樣的(de)(de)驚奇，兩側(ce)滿目的(de)(de)秋(qiu)(qiu)色(se)圖，五(wu)彩(cai)的(de)(de)樹(shu)木(mu)構(gou)成五(wu)彩(cai)的(de)(de)世界(jie)，富麗堂皇，目不暇接，仿佛步(bu)入(ru)五(wu)彩(cai)斑斕的(de)(de)童話世界(jie)，讓人(ren)流連忘返，棧道(dao)(dao)一側(ce)建有民族(zu)特(te)色(se)觀賞景(jing)(jing)點，加上林區特(te)色(se)的(de)(de)木(mu)刻楞小(xiao)木(mu)屋，構(gou)成了像油畫般美麗的(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)色(se)。

濕地類型

濕地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園總(zong)(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)5413公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，其(qi)中濕地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)3195公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，濕地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)占濕地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園總(zong)(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)59.02%。其(qi)中，河流濕地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)72公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，占濕地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園總(zong)(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)1.33%;草本沼(zhao)澤面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)1877公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，占濕地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園總(zong)(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)34.67%;灌叢沼(zhao)澤面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)218公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，占濕地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園總(zong)(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)4.03%;森林沼(zhao)澤面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)1028公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，占濕地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園總(zong)(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)18.99%。

動植物資源

植被

濕地公(gong)園(yuan)處于寒溫帶針葉林(lin)區(qu)(qu)，主(zhu)要植(zhi)被(bei)類型為草(cao)甸植(zhi)被(bei)和沼(zhao)澤植(zhi)被(bei)。濕地公(gong)園(yuan)植(zhi)被(bei)由(you)東(dong)西伯利(li)亞植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)系(xi)和蒙古植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)系(xi)構成，其中(zhong)，興(xing)安落(luo)葉松生長發(fa)育(yu)在(zai)不同(tong)地形部位(wei)和各種不同(tong)的土壤上(shang);在(zai)山(shan)坡(po)上(shang)部，陰(yin)坡(po)或半陰(yin)坡(po)有少(shao)量(liang)白樺(hua)(hua)、落(luo)葉松混交(jiao)林(lin);陽(yang)坡(po)或半陽(yang)坡(po)有少(shao)量(liang)白樺(hua)(hua)、山(shan)楊(yang)(yang)混交(jiao)林(lin)呈團狀(zhuang)分布;在(zai)河(he)流兩岸分布的主(zhu)要植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有甜楊(yang)(yang)、柳樹(shu)、稠李子、紅(hong)瑞木、山(shan)荊子、東(dong)北赤(chi)楊(yang)(yang)、叢樺(hua)(hua)、繡線菊(ju)、地榆、金(jin)蓮花(hua)及禾本科(ke)、莎草(cao)科(ke)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)。

野生植物

濕地公(gong)園植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)系多以西伯利亞植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)系為主(zhu)，另外，有(you)少量(liang)長白山植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)系和(he)蒙古植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)系。據調(diao)查及相關資料統計，濕地公(gong)園內共有(you)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(苔蘚植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)和(he)維管束(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu))69科208屬(shu)410種。主(zhu)要的植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有(you)灰脈苔草、小葉章(zhang)、烏拉苔草、水(shui)問荊、沼柳、越桔柳、柳葉繡線菊、廣布野(ye)豌豆、澤芹、興安落葉松、白樺等(deng)。

野生動物

濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)豐富(fu)的(de)野(ye)生植(zhi)物(wu)資源和良好的(de)自(zi)然生態環境，為野(ye)生動物(wu)提供了優良的(de)生存空間(jian)。按(an)照動物(wu)地(di)理區劃(hua)，濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)的(de)動物(wu)屬古北界和東洋界。據調查及(ji)相關資料(liao)統計，濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)內有脊椎動物(wu)24目41科183種，常見的(de)濕(shi)地(di)動物(wu)有:哲羅魚(yu)、細(xi)鱗魚(yu)、黑斑狗魚(yu)、黑龍江花鰍、黑龍江林蛙、白鷺、羅紋鴨、赤麻鴨等。

主要河流介紹

內(nei)蒙古圖(tu)(tu)(tu)里(li)(li)河(he)國家濕(shi)地公(gong)(gong)(gong)園內(nei)主要水體(ti)為(wei)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)里(li)(li)河(he)，圖(tu)(tu)(tu)里(li)(li)河(he)發源于圖(tu)(tu)(tu)里(li)(li)河(he)鎮東部與鄂(e)倫春自治旗交界(jie)處，大興(xing)安嶺主脈西(xi)側，全長134.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，流域面(mian)積 3617平方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，屬于額爾(er)古納河(he)水系額爾(er)古納河(he)二級(ji)支流。圖(tu)(tu)(tu)里(li)(li)河(he)與北來伊(yi)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)里(li)(li)河(he)在(zai)濕(shi)地公(gong)(gong)(gong)園西(xi)界(jie)匯合后向西(xi)奔向根河(he)。

現階段建設情況

內蒙(meng)古大興安(an)嶺圖(tu)里河林業局把圖(tu)里河國家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)建設做為(wei)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境保護、濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)科(ke)(ke)普(pu)宣教(jiao)(jiao)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)文明保護的重要載體，立足當地(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)物多樣性(xing)和(he)動(dong)物多樣性(xing)的濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)原(yuan)生(sheng)態(tai)優勢和(he)特(te)點(dian)，不斷推進園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區建設工程、科(ke)(ke)研(yan)監測、宣教(jiao)(jiao)工作，打造集(ji)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)恢復與(yu)保護、濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)科(ke)(ke)普(pu)宣教(jiao)(jiao)與(yu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)旅(lv)游的國家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

加(jia)大投(tou)入，完善設(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。他(ta)(ta)們(men)堅持(chi)科學的(de)規(gui)劃設(she)計，開(kai)展(zhan)濕地公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)基(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)，對濕地公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)內(nei)原有的(de)基(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)定(ding)期(qi)維(wei)護(hu)和檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)，并對濕地公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)內(nei)劃分(fen)(fen)測量，將濕地公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)的(de)規(gui)劃分(fen)(fen)成濕地保育區(qu)(qu)(qu)、宣教展(zhan)示區(qu)(qu)(qu)、合理(li)利用區(qu)(qu)(qu)、管理(li)服務區(qu)(qu)(qu)、恢(hui)復重(zhong)建區(qu)(qu)(qu)，這5個區(qu)(qu)(qu)域既相對獨立又相互聯系(xi)。他(ta)(ta)們(men)在各分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)界樁上掛(gua)牌標(biao)注功能分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)名稱、經緯度、面積(ji)、林班(ban)等，使各分(fen)(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)功能清(qing)晰，也為巡護(hu)工作帶來(lai)便利。他(ta)(ta)們(men)維(wei)護(hu)了(le)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)內(nei)的(de)道(dao)路、木棧道(dao)、圍欄，維(wei)修(xiu)維(wei)護(hu)了(le)宣教中(zhong)心，檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)和加(jia)固了(le)內(nei)部設(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，方(fang)便游客游覽。

加(jia)強培(pei)訓(xun)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)素質。努力提(ti)(ti)高(gao)干部(bu)職(zhi)工(gong)的技(ji)術(shu)技(ji)能(neng)，組織(zhi)職(zhi)工(gong)學習(xi)服(fu)務(wu)技(ji)能(neng)及星級(ji)服(fu)務(wu)標準的課程;聘請北京儀器廠的技(ji)術(shu)人員為監(jian)測(ce)人員培(pei)訓(xun)儀器使(shi)用保(bao)養知識。組織(zhi)職(zhi)工(gong)參加(jia)了由林管局和(he)東(dong)北林業(ye)大學聯(lian)合舉辦的"建立和(he)運行大興安嶺示(shi)范(fan)林區生(sheng)態監(jian)測(ce)系統春季培(pei)訓(xun)班(ban)"，和(he)由GEF項目辦公室在根河市舉辦的保(bao)護(hu)地(di)(di)管理培(pei)訓(xun)班(ban)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)了職(zhi)工(gong)的濕地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)管理水(shui)平(ping)，增強濕地(di)(di)生(sheng)態監(jian)測(ce)與調查隊(dui)伍的實力。他們組織(zhi)職(zhi)工(gong)撰寫動(dong)植物檔(dang)案(an)、宣教材料、監(jian)測(ce)方案(an)、監(jian)測(ce)檔(dang)案(an)，做好內業(ye)資料的充實完善工(gong)作(zuo)。

加強宣傳(chuan)(chuan)，夯(hang)實基(ji)礎。他們(men)開(kai)展全民保(bao)護濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)宣傳(chuan)(chuan)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)。舉辦了(le)"生(sheng)(sheng)態關乎我們(men)的(de)未來"主題宣講(jiang)(jiang)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)，營造了(le)全社會關心濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、關愛濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、保(bao)護濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)良好輿(yu)論(lun)氛圍;在(zai)(zai)幼兒園和中小學開(kai)展了(le)"愛鳥周"主題宣傳(chuan)(chuan)教育活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)，通(tong)過學唱兒歌、出演課本劇、觀(guan)看保(bao)護鳥類(lei)(lei)動(dong)(dong)畫(hua)片、現(xian)場講(jiang)(jiang)解圖里(li)河濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園的(de)動(dong)(dong)植物(wu)及鳥類(lei)(lei)、普及濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)知(zhi)識(shi)等活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)，增進了(le)學生(sheng)(sheng)們(men)對濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)了(le)解，提高了(le)學生(sheng)(sheng)保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)植物(wu)的(de)意識(shi)。他們(men)還在(zai)(zai)各(ge)大(da)旅游論(lun)壇張貼濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園的(de)宣傳(chuan)(chuan)廣告，提高濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園的(de)知(zhi)名(ming)度。

交通指南

圖(tu)里河(he)國家濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園距離圖(tu)里河(he)林(lin)(lin)業局(ju)局(ju)址圖(tu)里河(he)鎮8.5公(gong)(gong)里，國鐵(tie)牙林(lin)(lin)線、牙伊公(gong)(gong)路在濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園中穿過。