泥(ni)粒河(he)國家(jia)濕(shi)地公園,位(wei)于(yu)長白(bai)縣泥(ni)粒河(he)參(can)場居(ju)民區(qu)以(yi)東,八道(dao)溝河(he)北岔河(he)以(yi)南,長白(bai)森林(lin)(lin)經營(ying)局向(xiang)陽(yang)川林(lin)(lin)場和十三道(dao)溝林(lin)(lin)場的部分事(shi)業區(qu)域。濕(shi)地公園位(wei)于(yu)吉林(lin)(lin)省長白(bai)森林(lin)(lin)經營(ying)局(以(yi)下簡稱“長白(bai)森經局”)向(xiang)陽(yang)川林(lin)(lin)場和十三道(dao)溝林(lin)(lin)場轄(xia)區(qu)內。地理坐標為(wei)北緯41031/3.8//~41034/20.6//,東經127038/17.1//~127043/44.1//,海拔976~1100米,總面積3070.5公頃。
經(jing)估算(suan),吉林長白泥粒河(he)國家濕地公園(yuan)建(jian)設總投(tou)資7543.83萬元(yuan)。其中工程(cheng)項目建(jian)設投(tou)資6359.27萬元(yuan),其它(ta)費用419.65萬元(yuan),基本預備費338.90萬元(yuan),流(liu)動資金(jin)427.01萬元(yuan)。
吉(ji)林長白(bai)泥粒河國(guo)家濕地(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)屬于(yu)生態社(she)(she)會公益(yi)性項目(mu)(mu),項目(mu)(mu)建設具有(you)(you)顯(xian)著的生態和社(she)(she)會效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi),經濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)良好。通過(guo)濕地(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)的建設,將有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)泥粒河濕地(di)(di)生態系(xi)統完整性,充分(fen)發(fa)揮泥粒河濕地(di)(di)在涵養水源、提(ti)供優質水源、控制侵蝕、調(diao)節氣候、休閑娛樂和文化科研等功能,全面提(ti)高濕地(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)的生態系(xi)統服務價值(zhi)。總之,吉(ji)林長白(bai)泥粒河國(guo)家濕地(di)(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)建設具有(you)(you)顯(xian)著的生態和社(she)(she)會效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi),經濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)良好。
2013年1月10日,吉林省林業廳主持召開了《吉林省長白泥粒河國(guo)家(jia)(jia)濕地公園總體規(gui)劃(hua)》的專家(jia)(jia)評審會(hui)(hui),參會(hui)(hui)專家(jia)(jia)一致同意通(tong)過規(gui)劃(hua)的技術論證(zheng)。
吉林省濕地(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣性十分豐(feng)富。據(ju)調查,全省濕地(di)(di)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)共有112科253屬(shu)613種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)被子(zi)(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)530種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、苔蘚植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)49種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、蕨類植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)26種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、裸子(zi)(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。全省有濕地(di)(di)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)30目59科297種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)I級重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分別為(wei)東方白鸛、黑鸛、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華秋沙鴨、白頭鶴(he)(he)(he)、丹頂(ding)鶴(he)(he)(he)、白鶴(he)(he)(he)、遺鷗;有國(guo)家(jia)(jia)Ⅱ級重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),包括白額(e)雁、大天鵝、鴛鴦、灰(hui)鶴(he)(he)(he)、白枕鶴(he)(he)(he)、蓑羽鶴(he)(he)(he)等。濕地(di)(di)為(wei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)提(ti)供良好(hao)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)環(huan)境(jing),為(wei)鳥類、魚類提(ti)供豐(feng)富的(de)(de)食物(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)良好(hao)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)繁衍空間,對物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)和(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)多樣性發揮著極為(wei)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)作用。泥粒河(he)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資源豐(feng)富,有野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)84科326種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);有野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脊(ji)椎(zhui)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)32目84科233種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)36種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數占全省已知脊(ji)椎(zhui)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)總數的(de)(de)40.8%。濕地(di)(di)的(de)(de)退化(hua)和(he)消失,將(jiang)直接威(wei)脅(xie)到(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣性保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)珍稀瀕危物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)繁衍。因此,開展泥粒河(he)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園建設,保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)及修復好(hao)濕地(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系統(tong),是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣性保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)需要。
濕(shi)地(di)保(bao)護(hu)管理涉及多部(bu)門、多層面(mian)(mian)、多領域,情況(kuang)復雜,任務艱巨。因此,通過濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)建(jian)設,一方(fang)面(mian)(mian)可以提(ti)(ti)高地(di)方(fang)政府對濕(shi)地(di)保(bao)護(hu)的重視,促進保(bao)護(hu)管理機構體系的建(jian)立與完善。另(ling)一方(fang)面(mian)(mian),通過濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)管理能(neng)力建(jian)設,使機構設置(zhi)、人員(yuan)配(pei)備(bei)、巡查巡護(hu)設備(bei)設施(shi)配(pei)置(zhi)、制度建(jian)設等方(fang)面(mian)(mian)得(de)到切實加強,必將有(you)效的提(ti)(ti)高濕(shi)地(di)保(bao)護(hu)管理能(neng)力和水平(ping),提(ti)(ti)升保(bao)護(hu)管理效力。
長(chang)(chang)(chang)白(bai)縣(xian)地(di)處之(zhi)一(yi)的(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)白(bai)山南麓和著名的(de)(de)鴨綠江源頭,素有“長(chang)(chang)(chang)白(bai)林海、人參之(zhi)鄉、天(tian)然氧吧、綠色寶庫”之(zhi)美(mei)(mei)譽。近年來(lai),長(chang)(chang)(chang)白(bai)縣(xian)旅(lv)(lv)游業發展(zhan)很快,尤(you)其以(yi)(yi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)白(bai)山南坡的(de)(de)望天(tian)鵝景區為(wei)依(yi)托,大力開發旅(lv)(lv)游觀光產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),取得(de)了(le)(le)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)成績。但(dan)從(cong)長(chang)(chang)(chang)白(bai)縣(xian)旅(lv)(lv)游產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)結構上看仍(reng)顯單一(yi)。為(wei)此,《吉(ji)林省長(chang)(chang)(chang)白(bai)朝鮮族(zu)自治縣(xian)旅(lv)(lv)游產(chan)業發展(zhan)規(gui)劃(2011—2020)》提出(chu)了(le)(le)“要重點推進以(yi)(yi)觀光為(wei)主的(de)(de)旅(lv)(lv)游產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)體系向(xiang)以(yi)(yi)休(xiu)(xiu)閑度(du)假(jia)為(wei)核心的(de)(de)旅(lv)(lv)游產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)體系轉(zhuan)型(xing)升級,構建(jian)‘最美(mei)(mei)長(chang)(chang)(chang)白(bai)’的(de)(de)休(xiu)(xiu)閑度(du)假(jia)方(fang)式”。泥粒河國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)公園利用區域得(de)天(tian)獨(du)厚的(de)(de)濕(shi)地(di)、森林風景資源,建(jian)設生態旅(lv)(lv)游休(xiu)(xiu)閑度(du)假(jia)目(mu)的(de)(de)地(di),完(wan)全符合(he)長(chang)(chang)(chang)白(bai)縣(xian)旅(lv)(lv)游發展(zhan)的(de)(de)總體戰(zhan)略布局,可以(yi)(yi)促進長(chang)(chang)(chang)白(bai)縣(xian)生態旅(lv)(lv)游地(di)位的(de)(de)提升,豐富(fu)旅(lv)(lv)游產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)結構,全面促進長(chang)(chang)(chang)白(bai)縣(xian)旅(lv)(lv)游業的(de)(de)可持續和跨越式發展(zhan)。