四(si)川(chuan)白(bai)玉拉(la)龍措(cuo)(cuo)國家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)類型多樣,動植物資(zi)源(yuan)豐富,濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)景觀獨特(te),濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)文(wen)化濃厚,濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)資(zi)源(yuan)具有很高的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)價(jia)值。本(ben)文(wen)在分析濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)水文(wen)、濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)類型、面積(ji)及(ji)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)資(zi)源(yuan)現狀的(de)(de)基礎上,對該(gai)(gai)公(gong)園的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)資(zi)源(yuan)做出了評價(jia)。同時(shi)以濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)資(zi)源(yuan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)為(wei)目(mu)的(de)(de),運(yun)用(yong)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)規劃的(de)(de)理論(lun)和(he)方法,通過水源(yuan)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)、水系(xi)和(he)水質(zhi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)、棲息地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)和(he)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)文(wen)化保(bao)(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)等一系(xi)列(lie)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)工程和(he)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi),優化該(gai)(gai)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園的(de)(de)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境,以期為(wei)該(gai)(gai)公(gong)園的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和(he)規劃提(ti)供科學(xue)依據。
四川(chuan)白玉(yu)拉(la)龍措國家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公園總面(mian)積29878.04公頃(qing),濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積13010.18公頃(qing),濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)率為(wei)43.54%。包括永久(jiu)性河流濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、洪(hong)泛濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、永久(jiu)性淡水湖濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、季節性淡水湖濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、草本沼(zhao)澤(ze)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、灌叢沼(zhao)澤(ze)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和(he)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)熱濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)7個類型。
走在甘白路上,從荒涼蒼(cang)茫的(de)海(hai)子(zi)(zi)山上下(xia)來(lai),路邊有一個大(da)海(hai)子(zi)(zi),彷(pang)如天上掉下(xia)來(lai)的(de)明鏡,這就是白玉縣最大(da)的(de)海(hai)子(zi)(zi)拉(la)龍措(cuo)。拉(la)龍措(cuo)四(si)周都是山坡(po)上怪石磷峋,湖邊綠草(cao)如茵野花盛開,零星的(de)帳篷散落其(qi)中,美的(de)如詩如畫。
白(bai)玉,系藏(zang)語譯(yi)音。藏(zang)語意為“吉(ji)祥(xiang)盛德的地(di)方(fang)”。其地(di)形似吉(ji)祥(xiang)圖案,故(gu)名。白(bai)玉縣(xian)處川西(xi)北(bei)丘狀高(gao)原山區,全境屬沙魯里(li)山地(di)段。南與巴塘(tang)縣(xian)接壤之(zhi)麻貢(gong)嘎(ga)山峰海(hai)拔5725米(mi),最低處山巖鄉金沙江河谷海(hai)拔2640米(mi)。
在(zai)白玉縣(xian)的(de)深(shen)山(shan)荒原上(shang)(shang),散落(luo)著許(xu)多(duo)高(gao)(gao)原湖泊(bo)(bo)。當(dang)地(di)的(de)藏族農牧民,把這些(xie)湖泊(bo)(bo)稱為“海(hai)子”。由甘孜(zi)去白玉的(de)路上(shang)(shang)要經(jing)過一處名叫(jiao)“拉龍”的(de)湖泊(bo)(bo),海(hai)拔在(zai)4300多(duo)公(gong)尺以上(shang)(shang)。湖泊(bo)(bo)四周,是白玉縣(xian)的(de)一個高(gao)(gao)海(hai)拔牧場,湖泊(bo)(bo)邊(bian)帳篷座座,牛羊成群。