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基本介紹

貴州思南白鷺湖國家濕地公園位于貴州省思南縣、總面積4264.8公頃。貴州思南(nan)白鷺湖國(guo)家濕(shi)地公(gong)園(yuan)坐落于貴州省(sheng)銅仁市思南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)城南(nan)部(bu)18公(gong)里烏(wu)(wu)江(jiang)(jiang)河段(duan)上，地處武(wu)陵山腹地，烏(wu)(wu)江(jiang)(jiang)流域的中心(xin)地帶(dai)，東鄰(lin)國(guo)家級自然保(bao)護區梵(fan)凈山，西倚(yi)歷史文化名(ming)城遵義，南(nan)靠泉都石阡，北(bei)順(shun)烏(wu)(wu)江(jiang)(jiang)達重慶涪陵入長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)。地理坐標為東經107°55′32"～108°11′18"，北(bei)緯(wei)27°38′55"～27°49′35"。規劃(hua)總(zong)面積4264.8公(gong)頃。該(gai)國(guo)家濕(shi)地公(gong)園(yuan)于2013年12月21日通過國(guo)家林業局批復(fu)（林濕(shi)發[2013]243號），目(mu)前正進入試(shi)點建設階(jie)段(duan)。

貴州思南白鷺(lu)湖(hu)國家(jia)濕地公(gong)園(yuan)以在(zai)烏江中(zhong)游上(shang)(shang)人(ren)工筑壩形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)白鷺(lu)湖(hu)為主體(ti)，以白鷺(lu)湖(hu)泊沼澤濕地生態系(xi)統(tong)為核心，以構(gou)建(jian)烏江上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)生態廊(lang)道(dao)、完善長江上(shang)(shang)游生態屏障功能(neng)為目的(de)(de)(de)而建(jian)立。白鷺(lu)湖(hu)濕地公(gong)園(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)自然資源(yuan)豐富(fu)，歷史、人(ren)文景觀獨特。

濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)資(zi)源(yuan)：公(gong)(gong)園水域(yu)廣闊，形成(cheng)了自(zi)然河(he)流以(yi)及(ji)人工(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)（庫塘）構(gou)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)多樣。同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)，濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)與森林構(gou)建完(wan)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)光山(shan)色(se)美(mei)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，并且長期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)化(hua)沉淀，使(shi)得白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)資(zi)源(yuan)豐富(fu)(fu)，有(you)“百里畫廊”之(zhi)美(mei)譽。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)水域(yu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：公(gong)(gong)園水域(yu)寬廣，總(zong)面(mian)積2514.9公(gong)(gong)頃，主(zhu)要水域(yu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)包括(kuo)：白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、六池河(he)、黑(hei)灘河(he)、黑(hei)鵝(e)溪等。共(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)形成(cheng)了“平湖(hu)(hu)(hu)”、“水巷“、“洞(dong)(dong)溪”、“地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)河(he)”等多樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水域(yu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)風貌。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)水清(qing)綠幽寂，水質清(qing)純。二(er)是(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)文(wen)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：公(gong)(gong)園呈現出典型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)喀斯特地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。山(shan)峰層巒疊嶂，形態(tai)(tai)(tai)各(ge)異；峽(xia)谷(gu)(gu)壁立千仞，怪石(shi)嶙峋；島嶼點(dian)(dian)綴其中(zhong)，風光秀麗(li)(li)；溶洞(dong)(dong)群(qun)迂回曲折，巧奪(duo)天(tian)工(gong)。主(zhu)要地(di)(di)(di)(di)文(wen)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)包括(kuo)：小溪槽天(tian)坑、黑(hei)河(he)峽(xia)谷(gu)(gu)、鹽(yan)井壩島、天(tian)生(sheng)橋以(yi)及(ji)馬尾(wei)洞(dong)(dong)、犀牛洞(dong)(dong)、仙人洞(dong)(dong)等溶洞(dong)(dong)群(qun)。呈現出雄(xiong)偉(wei)、險(xian)峻、隱蔽、幽深的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)美(mei)學(xue)特征(zheng)，與廣闊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水域(yu)營造出山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)-峽(xia)谷(gu)(gu)-平湖(hu)(hu)(hu)（河(he)流）融為(wei)一(yi)(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)文(wen)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。三(san)是(shi)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園兩(liang)岸(an)藤蘿懸(xuan)掛、鴛鴦戲(xi)水、野(ye)猴嬉戲(xi)，水鳥(niao)飛鳴(ming)，具(ju)有(you)結構(gou)完(wan)善、功能協同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)-森林復(fu)合生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。據調查統(tong)(tong)計(ji)，濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園及(ji)其周(zhou)邊區域(yu)分布有(you)維管植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)53目，120科，252屬，331種(zhong)。其中(zhong)，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)重點(dian)(dian)保(bao)護植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)2種(zhong)，有(you)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)一(yi)(yi)級重點(dian)(dian)保(bao)護植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)銀杏、國(guo)家(jia)(jia)二(er)級重點(dian)(dian)保(bao)護植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)柔毛油杉。同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)，濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園內有(you)野(ye)生(sheng)脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)214種(zhong)，隸屬5綱(gang)29目73科；其中(zhong)列(lie)為(wei)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)二(er)級重點(dian)(dian)保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)野(ye)生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)9種(zhong)、列(lie)入(ru)《國(guo)家(jia)(jia)保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)或(huo)者有(you)重要經(jing)濟、科學(xue)研究價值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陸生(sheng)野(ye)生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)名錄》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)達86種(zhong)。這些豐富(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)源(yuan)給白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設帶來了良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)源(yuan)基礎，一(yi)(yi)年四季景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)色(se)怡人，可以(yi)提(ti)供人們鳥(niao)類觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)賞、科普教育、休閑娛樂(le)等一(yi)(yi)系(xi)列(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旅游(you)(you)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)光項(xiang)目。四是(shi)天(tian)象與氣候景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：在波光粼(lin)粼(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)面(mian)上(shang)乘坐游(you)(you)船(chuan)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)賞著白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)夕陽西下(xia)，體驗夕陽下(xia)滿載收獲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漁船(chuan)歸港；屹(yi)立于(yu)白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)大壩上(shang)，觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)看(kan)一(yi)(yi)泄數十米的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水汽煙云；白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)靜靜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流淌在群(qun)山(shan)當中(zhong)，如遇(yu)上(shang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)面(mian)上(shang)淡(dan)淡(dan)薄霧(wu)，兩(liang)岸(an)美(mei)麗(li)(li)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)色(se)帶著些許朦(meng)朧，讓(rang)人暇思聯翩。

文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)資源：貴州(zhou)思(si)南(nan)白鷺湖國家(jia)濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園所在的(de)(de)思(si)南(nan)縣歷(li)史悠(you)久，素有(you)“先思(si)南(nan)后貴州(zhou)”一(yi)說，是(shi)中原(yuan)(yuan)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)向西(xi)南(nan)滲(shen)透的(de)(de)重要地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)，也是(shi)中原(yuan)(yuan)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)與西(xi)南(nan)少數民族(zu)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)相融合的(de)(de)交接地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)，形成了思(si)南(nan)獨特地(di)(di)(di)域民族(zu)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。同(tong)時濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園處于綿延縱橫的(de)(de)黃金水道烏(wu)江(jiang)之上(shang)，烏(wu)江(jiang)更是(shi)一(yi)條連接長(chang)江(jiang)流(liu)域、云貴高原(yuan)(yuan)、巴蜀地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)和湘西(xi)的(de)(de)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)紐帶(dai)，流(liu)域內文(wen)物古跡遍布(bu)，民族(zu)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)風情濃郁，多元文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)交流(liu)碰撞，孕育了獨具(ju)地(di)(di)(di)域特色的(de)(de)濕地(di)(di)(di)（烏(wu)江(jiang)）文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。