丹(dan)(dan)鳳(feng)(feng)丹(dan)(dan)江(jiang)國家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園從(cong)商州(zhou)區的(de)(de)陳塬街辦(ban)鳳(feng)(feng)山(shan)村(cun)到商南縣白浪(lang)鎮月(yue)亮(liang)灣村(cun),包(bao)括(kuo)丹(dan)(dan)江(jiang)河(he)(he)道河(he)(he)灘(tan)泛洪(hong)區及河(he)(he)道兩岸1km范圍內的(de)(de)人工(gong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)。隸屬于商洛(luo)市(shi)下轄的(de)(de)商州(zhou)區丹(dan)(dan)鳳(feng)(feng)縣和商南縣。 濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園水(shui)體主要是丹(dan)(dan)江(jiang)干(gan)流(liu)(liu)及丹(dan)(dan)江(jiang)支流(liu)(liu)老君河(he)(he)、資峪河(he)(he)、武(wu)關河(he)(he)、銀花河(he)(he)的(de)(de)灘(tan)涂及縣域內的(de)(de)魚(yu)嶺水(shui)庫(ku)、龍潭(tan)水(shui)庫(ku)、苗溝水(shui)庫(ku)等,總面(mian)積達(da)1.28萬公(gong)(gong)頃。丹(dan)(dan)江(jiang)全長(chang)443公(gong)(gong)里,為漢江(jiang)較長(chang)一支流(liu)(liu)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)由于受到冬夏(xia)季(ji)風和青藏高(gao)原環流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)影響,加上秦嶺整個山(shan)脈對南方暖濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)阻擋作用,所(suo)以濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)的(de)(de)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)屬于暖溫帶半濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)潤(run)季(ji)風氣(qi)候(hou)(hou),呈(cheng)現(xian)出(chu)四季(ji)分明,雨(yu)熱同季(ji),冬干(gan)夏(xia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),干(gan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分明的(de)(de)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)特征,干(gan)旱、連陰雨(yu)、暴(bao)雨(yu)、冰雹、霜凍等災(zai)害(hai)性天(tian)(tian)氣(qi)時有發生(sheng)。年平(ping)均氣(qi)溫7.8~13.9℃,最(zui)高(gao)37℃~40.8℃,最(zui)低-11.8℃~-21.6℃。降(jiang)水(shui)量 年均710~930毫米(mi),日照1860~2130多小時。無霜期(qi)為210天(tian)(tian)。
濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園地(di)(di)處(chu)秦嶺(ling)山(shan)脈東南地(di)(di)段,地(di)(di)勢(shi)自西北向東南傾斜(xie),以此出(chu)現山(shan)地(di)(di)、丘陵、盆地(di)(di)、河(he)(he)川等地(di)(di)貌類(lei)型(xing),濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園水體主要是丹(dan)江干流(liu)及丹(dan)江支(zhi)流(liu)老君(jun)河(he)(he)、資峪(yu)河(he)(he)、武關(guan)河(he)(he)、銀花河(he)(he)的灘(tan)涂(tu)及縣域內(nei)的魚嶺(ling)水庫、龍潭(tan)水庫、苗溝(gou)水庫等,總(zong)面積達1.28萬公(gong)頃。濕地(di)(di)內(nei)土壤分為淋溶土,初育土和半(ban)水成土。
商(shang)洛(luo)丹江(jiang)濕地(di)(di)(di)素有(you)(you)“南(nan)北(bei)植物(wu)(wu)薈萃、南(nan)北(bei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庫”之美譽。據調(diao)查統計,有(you)(you)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)油料、纖維、淀粉、林(lin)(lin)果、中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)材(cai)(cai)、化工原料等1200多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。宜林(lin)(lin)面積2300萬(wan)畝,占土地(di)(di)(di)面積的(de)70%。有(you)(you)林(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)1500萬(wan)畝,木材(cai)(cai)蓄積量2154萬(wan)立方(fang)米,森林(lin)(lin)覆蓋率54%,是(shi)陜(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)木材(cai)(cai)主產(chan)區之一。以生(sheng)(sheng)漆、油桐(tong)、核(he)(he)桃(tao)、板(ban)栗(li)(li)、葡萄、柿子、木耳(er)等林(lin)(lin)特產(chan)品而著稱。尤其是(shi)核(he)(he)桃(tao)、板(ban)栗(li)(li)、柿子產(chan)量居(ju)全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)之首(shou),核(he)(he)桃(tao)出口量占全(quan)(quan)國六分之一。商(shang)洛(luo)丹江(jiang)濕地(di)(di)(di)又(you)是(shi)全(quan)(quan)國有(you)(you)名的(de)“天然藥(yao)(yao)庫”。中(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)1119種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),列(lie)入國家“中(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)資源調(diao)查表(biao)”的(de)達(da)286種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)近千種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),被列(lie)入國家保護的(de)珍稀動物(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)羚(ling)牛、蘇門(men)羚(ling)、林(lin)(lin)麝、錦雞、金(jin)錢豹(bao)、大(da)鯢等24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。全(quan)(quan)市已發現(xian)各(ge)類(lei)礦(kuang)產(chan)60種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),已探(tan)明礦(kuang)產(chan)儲(chu)量46種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)大(da)型(xing)礦(kuang)床(chuang)15處,中(zhong)型(xing)礦(kuang)床(chuang)24處。儲(chu)量居(ju)全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)首(shou)位的(de)有(you)(you)鐵(tie)、釩、鈦(tai)、銀、銻、錸、水(shui)晶(jing)、螢石、白云母(mu)和鉀長石等17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)柞(zuo)水(shui)大(da)西(xi)溝鐵(tie)礦(kuang)儲(chu)量3.02億噸,占全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)46%。居(ju)全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)第二位的(de)有(you)(you)銅、鋅、鉬、鉛等13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
早在2003年,丹(dan)(dan)鳳縣(xian)就著手籌劃丹(dan)(dan)江國家濕(shi)地公(gong)園(yuan)項(xiang)目(mu)建設。該(gai)項(xiang)目(mu)區除丹(dan)(dan)江河(he)(he)外,還包(bao)括丹(dan)(dan)江支流老君河(he)(he)、資峪河(he)(he)、武關(guan)河(he)(he)、銀花(hua)河(he)(he)的灘(tan)涂及(ji)縣(xian)域(yu)內的魚(yu)嶺水(shui)庫、龍潭水(shui)庫、苗溝水(shui)庫,總(zong)面積達(da)(da)1.28萬公(gong)頃。項(xiang)目(mu)建設啟(qi)動(dong)后,為(wei)加強對(dui)濕(shi)地的保(bao)護,縣(xian)上(shang)在棣(di)花(hua)、商鎮(zhen)、龍駒(ju)、竹(zhu)林關(guan)、土門等鄉鎮(zhen)分(fen)別設立了野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)保(bao)護站,定時(shi)檢測,保(bao)護濕(shi)地水(shui)禽(qin)類(lei)(lei)、鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)等野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)。同(tong)時(shi),縣(xian)上(shang)還組(zu)織(zhi)沿丹(dan)(dan)江兩(liang)岸的群眾(zhong)在冬季農閑時(shi),栽植(zhi)(zhi)蘆葦、垂(chui)柳、紫穗槐、水(shui)竹(zhu)、側柏(bo)等植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)。首期(qi)示范栽植(zhi)(zhi)蘆葦等植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)達(da)(da)3000多(duo)畝,為(wei)濕(shi)地內80余(yu)種水(shui)禽(qin)類(lei)(lei)、32種兩(liang)棲(qi)爬行(xing)類(lei)(lei)、60余(yu)種魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)建起了天然樂園(yuan)。