西(xi)寧(ning)湟(huang)水國(guo)家濕地公(gong)園內有國(guo)家二(er)級保護動(dong)物2種(zhong),即兔猻和(he)灰鶴;省(sheng)級保護動(dong)物有4種(zhong),它們是艾虎、斑(ban)頭雁、灰雁、赤麻鴨。
植物種(zhong)類較為豐富,該濕地公園內有維管束植物33科82屬103種(zhong)。草木主要有蘆葦、香蒲等(deng)。人工(gong)種(zhong)植的喬灌木主要有青海云(yun)杉、油松、祁連圓柏、白榆等(deng)。
湟(huang)(huang)水(shui)(shui)河從發源地包(bao)忽(hu)圖河流(liu)出、經(jing)海晏三(san)角(jiao)城進入湟(huang)(huang)源縣境內、又改名為(wei)巴燕(yan)河。自湟(huang)(huang)源經(jing)湟(huang)(huang)中(zhong)至西(xi)寧(ning),沿(yan)途接納(na)藥水(shui)(shui)河、西(xi)納(na)川、云(yun)谷(gu)(gu)川稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)西(xi)川河,在西(xi)寧(ning)市區接納(na)北(bei)川河、南川河后稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)湟(huang)(huang)水(shui)(shui)。湟(huang)(huang)水(shui)(shui)流(liu)經(jing)的峽谷(gu)(gu)有巴燕(yan)峽、扎馬隆(long)峽、小峽和老(lao)鴉(ya)峽等。峽谷(gu)(gu)一般長5—6公(gong)里(li),其中(zhong)老(lao)鴉(ya)峽最長,達17公(gong)里(li),兩壁陡峭,谷(gu)(gu)窄而深。湟(huang)(huang)水(shui)(shui)沖刷形成的盆(pen)(pen)地有西(xi)寧(ning)盆(pen)(pen)地、大(da)通盆(pen)(pen)地、樂都盆(pen)(pen)地和民和盆(pen)(pen)地,其中(zhong)以(yi)西(xi)寧(ning)盆(pen)(pen)地為(wei)最大(da)。