介紹
公園內有(you)(you)數(shu)級熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di),主要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)環火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)口熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)、環火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)錐(zhui)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)和裂隙溢出的(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di),面(mian)積大、坡度平緩。騰(teng)沖火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)構(gou)造景觀主要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)空洞、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)塌陷、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)流(liu)動和原(yuan)生(sheng)節(jie)理(li)構(gou)造;火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)碎屑(xie)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)可見熔(rong)(rong)(rong)集塊巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)角礫(li)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)和熔(rong)(rong)(rong)結(jie)凝(ning)灰巖(yan)(yan)(yan)。火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)彈引人注目,主要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)彈、火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)角礫(li)、火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)灰、浮石(shi)、火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)渣。其中火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)彈形狀(zhuang)各異,主要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)紡錘(chui)狀(zhuang)、面(mian)包狀(zhuang)、麻花狀(zhuang)。各種(zhong)類型的(de)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)錐(zhui)、火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)口、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)流(liu)堰塞湖泊等(deng)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)貌(mao)十(shi)分顯目,構(gou)成壯麗的(de)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)旅游景觀。
火山活躍
這(zhe)些火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)形成(cheng)于距今約(yue)340萬(wan)年到1萬(wan)間的(de)(de)上新世至全(quan)新世,其(qi)(qi)中距今約(yue)1萬(wan)年左(zuo)右形成(cheng)的(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)共4座。較早形成(cheng)的(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)熔巖由于遭受(shou)長(chang)期強烈(lie)風化(hua),火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)錐體大多(duo)(duo)(duo)破(po)壞,僅保(bao)存6座仍能見穹丘地貌或火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)體的(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)。部(bu)分是休眠火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)。騰沖火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)地熱(re)國家地質(zhi)公園位于阿爾(er)卑斯(si)—喜馬(ma)拉雅特(te)提(ti)斯(si)構(gou)(gou)造帶(dai)(dai)東段的(de)(de)騰沖變質(zhi)地體內,印(yin)度板(ban)塊與歐亞板(ban)塊兩個大陸(lu)(lu)板(ban)塊陸(lu)(lu)—陸(lu)(lu)碰撞對接帶(dai)(dai)東側,以發(fa)育斷(duan)裂構(gou)(gou)造、年青的(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)活動(dong)和強烈(lie)的(de)(de)地熱(re)顯示(shi)為其(qi)(qi)特(te)征。經歷(li)了(le)漫(man)長(chang)的(de)(de)地質(zhi)演化(hua),滄海桑(sang)田(tian)巨變,多(duo)(duo)(duo)次巖漿噴發(fa)和多(duo)(duo)(duo)次構(gou)(gou)造旋(xuan)回,留下了(le)眾(zhong)多(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)地質(zhi)遺(yi)跡,形成(cheng)了(le)奇麗(li)的(de)(de)自然景觀(guan)。
相關景觀
騰沖火(huo)山附生(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)質現象非常豐富(fu),典型(xing)的有地(di)(di)(di)熱(re)(re)帶、熱(re)(re)海熱(re)(re)田(tian)、地(di)(di)(di)熱(re)(re)顯(xian)示、熱(re)(re)泉(quan)(quan)(124處)等(deng)(deng)。其中地(di)(di)(di)熱(re)(re)顯(xian)示特征分(fen)為噴氣孔、冒氣地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)、熱(re)(re)沸面(mian)、噴泉(quan)(quan)、毒氣孔、熱(re)(re)水(shui)泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、熱(re)(re)水(shui)爆(bao)炸(zha)等(deng)(deng)六類景觀。熱(re)(re)水(shui)泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)景觀又有泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臺地(di)(di)(di)、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)堤、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)堆、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)陡壁、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)家、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)扇、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)蘑(mo)菇、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)豆、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)葡萄、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)洞以及洞內(nei)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)鐘乳、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)鵝(e)管(guan)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。其內(nei)容(rong)之豐富(fu),色彩之艷麗,為世(shi)界(jie)之罕見。