歷史沿革
1939年前屬長汀縣飛(fei)地貼長鄉，梅花山自然保(bao)護區地理(li)位置得(de)天獨厚，野生動植物(wu)資源極為豐富。
為了保護(hu)梅花山珍貴森林生(sheng)態系統和奇特的自然景觀。
1985年5月，福建省人民政(zheng)府批準建立閩西梅花山自然保護區。
1988年9月經國務院批(pi)準(zhun)，梅(mei)花山自然保護(hu)(hu)區升列為國家級森林和野生(sheng)動物類型自然保護(hu)(hu)區。
1992年(nian)2月，在(zai)原林業部和世界自然基(ji)金會聯(lian)合(he)召開(kai)的(de)(de)“中(zhong)國自然保護優(you)先領域(yu)研討(tao)會”上，保護區(qu)以“現存華(hua)南(nan)虎數量最多、活動(dong)最頻繁的(de)(de)區(qu)域(yu)”被確定為“對全球有影響(xiang)、具有國際意義的(de)(de)”世界A級自然保護區(qu)。
1992年(nian)11月，在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)國生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣性保護(hu)行動計劃第二(er)次(ci)研(yan)討會上，保護(hu)區(qu)以“物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)豐富、特(te)有種(zhong)多(duo)，在(zai)東(dong)亞(ya)植物(wu)(wu)區(qu)系中(zhong)(zhong)為華中(zhong)(zhong)、華南(nan)、華東(dong)區(qu)系交(jiao)匯處”，列入《中(zhong)(zhong)華人民(min)共和國生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣性保護(hu)行動計劃》“中(zhong)(zhong)國優先保護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態系統名錄(lu)”和“森林生(sheng)(sheng)態系統的優先保護(hu)區(qu)”；1993年(nian)加入中(zhong)(zhong)國人與(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)圈保護(hu)區(qu)網絡。
1998年，根據國家林業局(ju)的(de)《關(guan)于進(jin)一步(bu)加強國家級自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)管理的(de)通(tong)知》精(jing)神，龍(long)巖市(shi)委機構編(bian)制委員會批準，福建梅花(hua)山(shan)國家級自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)管理處更名(ming)為“福建梅花(hua)山(shan)國家級自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)管理局(ju)”。
地理環境
位置境域
梅花山(shan)國家級自然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區地處福(fu)建西南部，是(shi)武夷山(shan)脈(mo)(mo)南段東(dong)南坡(po)與戴云山(shan)脈(mo)(mo)之間(jian)的(de)玳(dai)瑁(mao)山(shan)主(zhu)體(ti)，為(wei)新羅、連城、上(shang)杭三縣（區）的(de)交界地帶，俗稱“梅花十八(ba)洞(dong)”，介于(yu)東(dong)經116°45′25″~116°57′33″，北(bei)緯(wei)25°15′14″~25°35′44″之間(jian)。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區東(dong)西寬20公(gong)里，南北(bei)長(chang)19公(gong)里，總面積22168.5公(gong)頃。
地貌
保護區是閩西(xi)玳(dai)瑁(mao)山(shan)(shan)的(de)主體部分，地貌以中山(shan)(shan)為主，地勢中部高(gao)(gao)，四周低，西(xi)部高(gao)(gao)，東部底，平均海拔900米，千米以上(shang)山(shan)(shan)峰達(da)70多(duo)座，最(zui)高(gao)(gao)石門山(shan)(shan)海拔1811米，相對高(gao)(gao)差達(da)1436米，在大(da)地構造(zao)上(shang)，屬永梅坳陷帶的(de)一部分，歷經多(duo)次構造(zao)運動，燕山(shan)(shan)運動導(dao)致大(da)規模(mo)的(de)花崗巖侵入，斷(duan)裂構造(zao)的(de)發育，使地形切割破碎。
氣候
保護區地處中亞(ya)熱(re)帶南(nan)(nan)緣(yuan)，離海(hai)洋較近，常受(shou)到東南(nan)(nan)海(hai)洋暖(nuan)濕(shi)(shi)氣(qi)流影響，加上西北武夷(yi)山脈(mo)和東南(nan)(nan)戴云山脈(mo)作(zuo)天(tian)然屏(ping)障(zhang)，對(dui)寒流南(nan)(nan)下和海(hai)洋暖(nuan)濕(shi)(shi)氣(qi)流入侵起阻(zu)擋和截留(liu)作(zuo)用，形成冬暖(nuan)夏(xia)涼，氣(qi)溫、濕(shi)(shi)度(du)較為穩定的特點(dian)。保護區年(nian)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫13～18℃，最(zui)高月(yue)均(jun)(jun)溫22.9～23.8℃，最(zui)低月(yue)均(jun)(jun)溫7.5～8.3℃，極(ji)端(duan)(duan)最(zui)高氣(qi)溫35℃，極(ji)端(duan)(duan)最(zui)低氣(qi)溫-5.5℃，月(yue)均(jun)(jun)溫≥10℃的年(nian)活(huo)動積溫4500～5100℃，年(nian)日照時數1920小時左右(you)。梅花山是福建省暴雨中心(xin)地之一，降(jiang)(jiang)雨期長，雨量(liang)充沛(pei)，降(jiang)(jiang)雨強度(du)大，年(nian)均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)雨量(liang)為1700～2200mm，相(xiang)對(dui)濕(shi)(shi)度(du)70～96%，霜期75天(tian)，霜日15～25天(tian)。
水文
在(zai)山嶺之(zhi)間發育有斷(duan)裂(lie)谷地和斷(duan)陷(xian)盆(pen)地，是(shi)九龍江(jiang)(jiang)、汀(ting)(ting)江(jiang)(jiang)、閩(min)江(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)上游水系(xi)組成(cheng)部分，為閩(min)江(jiang)(jiang)、汀(ting)(ting)江(jiang)(jiang)、九龍江(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)分水嶺，俗稱"水流三(san)江(jiang)(jiang)地"。由于(yu)復雜的(de)(de)地質(zhi)構造(zao)和流水切割的(de)(de)影響，加(jia)之(zhi)茂密的(de)(de)森林覆蓋，構成(cheng)閩(min)西(xi)獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)天然空(kong)調和生物水庫。
功能區劃
保護區(qu)(qu)按功能區(qu)(qu)劃為核心區(qu)(qu)、緩沖(chong)區(qu)(qu)和實驗區(qu)(qu)。總面積為22168.5公頃(qing)，其中(zhong)核心區(qu)(qu)面積7041.7 公頃(qing)，緩沖(chong)區(qu)(qu)2443.1 公頃(qing)實驗區(qu)(qu)劃2683.7 公頃(qing)。
生物資源
植物
梅花山(shan)保護區(qu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)區(qu)系成份復雜，植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)區(qu)系具有中亞熱(re)帶南緣向南亞熱(re)帶過渡的特點，組成典型(xing)的亞熱(re)帶森林(lin)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)，有亞熱(re)帶常綠闊(kuo)葉林(lin)，針葉林(lin)，針、闊(kuo)、竹(zhu)混(hun)交林(lin)，竹(zhu)林(lin)，亞熱(re)帶山(shan)地灌叢，草叢等(deng)11個植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)63個植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)群系。區(qu)內植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類僅(jin)維管束(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)有184種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)734屬1628種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中屬國家重點保護區(qu)的有觀光(guang)木(mu)、福建柏、鐘萼(e)木(mu)、傘花木(mu)等(deng)23種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，珍稀植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)60余(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
動物
梅(mei)花山自然保護(hu)區屬東洋界的(de)中印(yin)亞界偏中北地帶，具有(you)向古北界的(de)中亞過渡性，蘊藏棲(qi)息著豐富的(de)野(ye)生動物(wu)。有(you)陸棲(qi)野(ye)生動物(wu)362種(zhong)(zhong)，獸(shou)類(lei)(lei)(lei)6日20科66種(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)(lei)(lei)17目40科198種(zhong)(zhong)，爬(pa)行類(lei)(lei)(lei)3目10科40屬69種(zhong)(zhong)，兩棲(qi)類(lei)(lei)(lei)2目8科29種(zhong)(zhong)，還有(you)魚類(lei)(lei)(lei)5目14科51屬65種(zhong)(zhong)，貝類(lei)(lei)(lei)4目15科27種(zhong)(zhong)及(ji)浮游動物(wu)9目32科170種(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)昆蟲20目150余(yu)科2000余(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)，大型真菌116種(zhong)(zhong)。
保護對象
植物
維管(guan)束植(zhi)物有(you)184科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)734屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)1628種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（含(han)(han)變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）（名錄見梅花(hua)山(shan)(shan)(shan)自(zi)然保護維管(guan)束植(zhi)物名錄和(he)附件(jian)四植(zhi)被(bei)補充調查報(bao)告）。其(qi)中(zhong)蕨類植(zhi)物30科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)62屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)107種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸(luo)子(zi)植(zhi)物7科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)18屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子(zi)植(zhi)物147科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)654種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)1499種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。單(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)有(you)11屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)總屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數的(de)(de)(de)1.5%；每屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)含(han)(han)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，但并(bing)非單(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)有(you)454屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)61.8%；含(han)(han)2—4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)245屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)33.4%；含(han)(han)5—6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)26屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)3.5%；含(han)(han)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以上的(de)(de)(de)有(you)38屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)5.2%。含(han)(han)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)較多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)有(you)：殼斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)6屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)43種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)48種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，木(mu)蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)10屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，金(jin)縷(lv)梅科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，薔薇科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)16屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)79種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，豆科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)42屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)94種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，大戟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)15屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)31種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，冬青科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)31種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)30種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，杜(du)鵑科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)32種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紫金(jin)牛科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)5屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)礬科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，馬鞭草(cao)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)4屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)16種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，桑科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蕁麻科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蓼科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)26種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，野牡丹科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，唇形科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)15屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，茜草(cao)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)23屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)41種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，忍(ren)冬科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)菊科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)31屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)54種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)禾木(mu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)62屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)135種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，莎(sha)草(cao)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)14屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)53種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。殼斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、木(mu)蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、薔薇科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、杜(du)鵑科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)礬科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、冬青科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等組成本區常(chang)綠闊葉林或針闊葉混交林的(de)(de)(de)主要種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類，而且大多(duo)是闊葉林的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)群種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、優勢(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或亞優勢(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
動物
國(guo)家(jia)重點保護的(de)有華南(nan)虎(hu)(hu)，金錢(qian)豹(bao)、云豹(bao)、金貓、黑鹿、梅花鹿等(deng)42種(zhong)珍(zhen)稀(xi)動物(wu)和金斑啄鳳蝶(die)，詹(zhan)彩臂金龜等(deng)珍(zhen)稀(xi)昆蟲(chong)。屬國(guo)家(jia)一級保護的(de)種(zhong)類有七種(zhong)，二級保護的(de)種(zhong)類有三十種(zhong)，其中(zhong)群數量較多(duo)的(de)有獼猴，穿山甲(jia)、白鷴、虎(hu)(hu)紋蛙四種(zhong)。
旅游資源
保護區獨特(te)的(de)地(di)(di)理環境，奇特(te)地(di)(di)貌特(te)征，豐(feng)富的(de)森林(lin)資源(yuan)造就了豐(feng)富的(de)自然景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)。既有(you)(you)類型多樣(yang)、色(se)彩(cai)豐(feng)富、四(si)季(ji)變化的(de)森林(lin)景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)資源(yuan)，也有(you)(you)活潑可愛、形態(tai)憨(han)厚或兇猛(meng)無比的(de)動物景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)，更有(you)(you)奇山、異(yi)石，美麗的(de)山花，秀麗的(de)水體和奇幻(huan)的(de)天象景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)。
山地景觀
水(shui)流三(san)(san)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)地：保護區(qu)內連城縣曲溪鄉(xiang)位于海(hai)拔1100米的(de)黃勝地，其源流分別注入經福(fu)州、漳州和(he)廣東(dong)潮州入海(hai)的(de)福(fu)建三(san)(san)大水(shui)系(xi)，即九龍(long)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、汀江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、閩江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，因而自古就稱為(wei)“水(shui)流三(san)(san)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)地”。
王(wang)母點兵(bing)：梅花山(shan)狗子腦北面，有一(yi)方圓(yuan)十幾平方公(gong)里(li)的(de)中(zhong)山(shan)草甸地(di)，中(zhong)央(yang)突兀(wu)拔起一(yi)座高山(shan)，是傳說中(zhong)的(de)"王(wang)母點兵(bing)臺"，四周環繞(rao)著千米左右幾百個連綿起伏(fu)的(de)山(shan)包，則是駐守山(shan)寨的(de)軍營。
產(chan)“蛋(dan)”的(de)山(shan)谷(gu)：位于大(da)斜村的(de)一(yi)座(zuo)山(shan)谷(gu)，四(si)周竹木蔥蘢(long)，谷(gu)地中(zhong)有一(yi)長(chang)數(shu)十米(mi)經常(chang)年(nian)雨(yu)水侵蝕形(xing)成的(de)布滿苔蘚(xian)的(de)黑褐色卵(luan)形(xing)巨石帶。
此(ci)外區內還有奇峰聳峙、怪石(shi)(shi)嶙峋的廟金(jin)山；栩栩如生、呼之欲出的棋盤石(shi)(shi)、羊(yang)角石(shi)(shi)；神話(hua)連篇、充滿傳奇的金(jin)錢吊(diao)葫(hu)蘆、出米石(shi)(shi)、翠(cui)鳥登潭(tan)等。
水域景觀
由(you)于斷(duan)(duan)裂(lie)構(gou)造、小斷(duan)(duan)裂(lie)、節理裂(lie)隙發育(yu)，加(jia)上降水量(liang)大，地形坡(po)度(du)陡，，河床切割(ge)深等原因(yin)，形成梅花(hua)山獨(du)特的(de)(de)(de)景觀資源。有奇特的(de)(de)(de)清水溪、汶(wen)水溪和七口龍(long)潭；壯觀的(de)(de)(de)鯉魚寨瀑布、興隆瀑布；池水清澈、碧水連天(tian)，風(feng)光秀(xiu)麗的(de)(de)(de)梅花(hua)山天(tian)池；有如神功天(tian)造的(de)(de)(de)雙車(che)溫泉群。
生物景觀
梅花(hua)山(shan)氣候宜人，四季長(chang)青。由于獨特地(di)質地(di)貌，植被、氣候等條(tiao)件(jian)因素，形(xing)成(cheng)多層次、多類(lei)型的自然旅游(you)資源(yuan)。區(qu)內有(you)(you)天然大徑級杉(shan)木林王國，古木參天；有(you)(you)中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶灌木林景觀；有(you)(you)南(nan)方紅豆杉(shan)林；此外還有(you)(you)杜鵑花(hua)山(shan)、山(shan)櫻(ying)花(hua)路。
人文景觀
梅(mei)花山(shan)自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)在當地政府(fu)的(de)(de)支持下，于1998年率(lv)先于全(quan)國啟(qi)動(dong)華南(nan)虎(hu)拯救工程。現已初具規模，該工程項目占地466公頃，區(qu)內設有華南(nan)虎(hu)野(ye)化(hua)繁(fan)育(yu)(yu)區(qu)、草食動(dong)物(wu)區(qu)、森(sen)林浴場(chang)、水(shui)上珍禽區(qu)、蛇園等，一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)(mian)作(zuo)為華南(nan)虎(hu)繁(fan)育(yu)(yu)研究及野(ye)化(hua)豢養(yang)的(de)(de)場(chang)所，另一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)(mian)作(zuo)為保護(hu)區(qu)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)生(sheng)態(tai)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)基地。此外周(zhou)邊還有豐(feng)富的(de)(de)可借人文景觀，如古田會議址(zhi)，永定土樓(lou)，龍巖天宮山(shan)，崐(kun)連城中華性海寺，虎(hu)豹(bao)別墅，李氏大宗(zong)祠等。
保護價值
梅(mei)花山(shan)(shan)由于山(shan)(shan)體(ti)高大(da)(da)及(ji)所處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特定地(di)(di)(di)理位置，形成了典型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)亞熱(re)帶濕(shi)(shi)潤山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)，因離(li)海洋較近(jin)，常(chang)受(shou)到東(dong)南海洋暖濕(shi)(shi)氣(qi)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，加上西北和東(dong)南有武夷山(shan)(shan)脈(mo)和博平嶺(ling)作天(tian)然屏障(zhang)，對寒(han)流南下和海洋暖濕(shi)(shi)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)入侵起(qi)阻擋和截留作用，形成龍巖中心(xin)城(cheng)市冬暖夏(xia)涼，氣(qi)溫(wen)、濕(shi)(shi)度較為(wei)穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點。梅(mei)花山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)不僅對龍巖中心(xin)城(cheng)市氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)調節起(qi)著不可(ke)代替(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用，而且對鄰(lin)近(jin)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)產生巨大(da)(da)影(ying)響，由于山(shan)(shan)體(ti)對冷空(kong)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屏障(zhang)作用，使處于梅(mei)花山(shan)(shan)東(dong)南側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雁石溪谷(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)(di)、永定河谷(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)(di)及(ji)南側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃潭河谷(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)(di)、汀(ting)江谷(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)(di)成為(wei)整個閩西地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)熱(re)量最豐(feng)富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)方。
管理現狀
根據保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區主要(yao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)對(dui)象(xiang)的要(yao)求和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)目標需要(yao)，建(jian)立了較(jiao)為(wei)完善的管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)體系。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)下設辦(ban)公(gong)室、林(lin)政科、科技科、經營科、財務科、防(fang)火辦(ban)等6個管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)科室以及(ji)森林(lin)公(gong)安分(fen)局(ju)(ju)和(he)華南(nan)虎繁育研究所(suo)(suo)。按管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)—保(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)站(zhan)、森林(lin)公(gong)安分(fen)局(ju)(ju)—森林(lin)派出所(suo)(suo)模式設置兩級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，有4個保(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)站(zhan)， 3個派出所(suo)(suo)，另外還有7個護(hu)林(lin)哨卡(ka)、1個瞭望塔。 先后制定了《梅(mei)(mei)花(hua)(hua)山自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)辦(ban)法(fa)（試(shi)行）》、《福建(jian)梅(mei)(mei)花(hua)(hua)山國家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)崗位職責管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制度》、《福建(jian)梅(mei)(mei)花(hua)(hua)山國家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)森林(lin)防(fang)火聯防(fang)群治管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)預案》、《福建(jian)梅(mei)(mei)花(hua)(hua)山國家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)生(sheng)態公(gong)益(yi)林(lin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)實施(shi)方案》以及(ji)有關財務資產管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、來賓接待(dai)、干部(bu)職工請假、考勤等的規(gui)章制度。
森林覆蓋率從(cong)建區(qu)前的(de)60.4%上升到(dao)目前的(de)94%，并多(duo)次被(bei)省、市授予“無森林火災”單(dan)位。1999年(nian)12月，被(bei)國(guo)家環保總局、國(guo)家林業局、農業部、國(guo)土資源部等(deng)部門聯合授予“全國(guo)自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)管理先進集(ji)體”，被(bei)國(guo)家林業局授予“2002-2003年(nian)度自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)管理先進單(dan)位”等(deng)榮譽稱(cheng)號。
通(tong)過(guo)實施(shi)保護區一期工(gong)(gong)程項(xiang)目(mu)建設(she)(she)，保護區基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)建設(she)(she)初具規(gui)模，現有管(guan)理局(ju)(ju)、公(gong)安分局(ju)(ju)、華南虎繁育研究所、兩個保護管(guan)理站和(he)一個護林哨卡等的(de)(de)辦公(gong)用房及(ji)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)辦公(gong)用具、車輛、通(tong)訊設(she)(she)施(shi)和(he)設(she)(she)備等。同時，在區界周圍立(li)碑定(ding)界，設(she)(she)宣傳(chuan)牌143個；先后(hou)新建和(he)維修林道(dao)、人行便道(dao)38km。2004年底國(guo)家林業局(ju)(ju)批復(fu)了(le)“福建梅花山國(guo)家級自(zi)然保護區管(guan)理局(ju)(ju)二期工(gong)(gong)程建設(she)(she)”項(xiang)目(mu)。
斌斌有禮 
