歷史沿革
1939年前屬(shu)長(chang)汀縣飛地貼長(chang)鄉，梅花山自然保護區地理位置得天獨厚(hou)，野生動植物資源極為豐富。
為了保(bao)護梅花山珍貴森林生態系統和奇(qi)特的自然景(jing)觀。
1985年(nian)5月，福建省(sheng)人民政(zheng)府批準建立閩西梅花山自然保護區。
1988年9月經國(guo)務院批準，梅花山自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區升(sheng)列為國(guo)家級森(sen)林(lin)和野生動物類(lei)型自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區。
1992年2月，在原林(lin)業部和世界(jie)自(zi)然基金會(hui)聯合召開的(de)(de)“中國自(zi)然保(bao)護優先領域研討會(hui)”上，保(bao)護區(qu)以“現(xian)存華南虎數量最(zui)多、活動最(zui)頻繁的(de)(de)區(qu)域”被確定為“對全球(qiu)有影響、具有國際意(yi)義的(de)(de)”世界(jie)A級自(zi)然保(bao)護區(qu)。
1992年11月，在(zai)中(zhong)國生(sheng)物多樣性保護行(xing)動計(ji)劃第二次研討會上，保護區(qu)(qu)以“物種豐富、特有種多，在(zai)東(dong)亞(ya)植(zhi)物區(qu)(qu)系中(zhong)為華中(zhong)、華南、華東(dong)區(qu)(qu)系交匯處”，列(lie)入《中(zhong)華人民共和國生(sheng)物多樣性保護行(xing)動計(ji)劃》“中(zhong)國優先(xian)保護生(sheng)態系統名(ming)錄”和“森林生(sheng)態系統的優先(xian)保護區(qu)(qu)”；1993年加入中(zhong)國人與生(sheng)物圈(quan)保護區(qu)(qu)網絡(luo)。
1998年，根據國家林業(ye)局的(de)《關于進一步加強國家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)管理的(de)通知》精神，龍巖市委(wei)機構編(bian)制委(wei)員會(hui)批準，福(fu)建梅花山(shan)國家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)管理處(chu)更(geng)名為(wei)“福(fu)建梅花山(shan)國家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)管理局”。
地理環境
位置境域
梅(mei)花山(shan)國(guo)家級自(zi)然保護區(qu)保護區(qu)地處福建(jian)西南部，是(shi)武夷山(shan)脈南段(duan)東(dong)南坡與(yu)戴云山(shan)脈之(zhi)間的玳瑁(mao)山(shan)主體，為新羅、連(lian)城(cheng)、上(shang)杭三(san)縣（區(qu)）的交界地帶，俗稱“梅(mei)花十八洞”，介(jie)于東(dong)經116°45′25″~116°57′33″，北緯(wei)25°15′14″~25°35′44″之(zhi)間。保護區(qu)東(dong)西寬(kuan)20公(gong)(gong)里，南北長19公(gong)(gong)里，總面積22168.5公(gong)(gong)頃。
地貌
保護區是(shi)閩西玳瑁山(shan)的(de)(de)主體部(bu)(bu)分(fen)，地貌以中(zhong)山(shan)為(wei)主，地勢中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)，四周低(di)，西部(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)，東部(bu)(bu)底，平均(jun)海拔900米(mi)，千米(mi)以上山(shan)峰達70多(duo)座，最(zui)高(gao)(gao)石(shi)門山(shan)海拔1811米(mi)，相對(dui)高(gao)(gao)差達1436米(mi)，在大(da)地構(gou)(gou)造上，屬(shu)永梅坳陷帶(dai)的(de)(de)一部(bu)(bu)分(fen)，歷經多(duo)次構(gou)(gou)造運(yun)動(dong)，燕山(shan)運(yun)動(dong)導致(zhi)大(da)規模(mo)的(de)(de)花崗巖侵入，斷裂(lie)構(gou)(gou)造的(de)(de)發育，使地形切割破碎。
氣候
保(bao)(bao)護區地(di)(di)處中亞熱帶(dai)南緣(yuan)，離海洋(yang)(yang)較近，常受到東南海洋(yang)(yang)暖濕氣流影響，加(jia)上西北武夷山(shan)脈和東南戴云(yun)山(shan)脈作天然屏障，對(dui)寒(han)流南下和海洋(yang)(yang)暖濕氣流入侵起(qi)阻擋和截留(liu)作用(yong)，形(xing)成冬暖夏涼，氣溫(wen)(wen)、濕度(du)(du)較為(wei)穩定的(de)特點。保(bao)(bao)護區年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)13～18℃，最(zui)高月均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)22.9～23.8℃，最(zui)低(di)月均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)7.5～8.3℃，極(ji)端(duan)最(zui)高氣溫(wen)(wen)35℃，極(ji)端(duan)最(zui)低(di)氣溫(wen)(wen)-5.5℃，月均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)≥10℃的(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)活動積溫(wen)(wen)4500～5100℃，年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照時(shi)數(shu)1920小時(shi)左右。梅花山(shan)是福建省暴雨中心地(di)(di)之(zhi)一，降(jiang)(jiang)雨期(qi)長，雨量充(chong)沛，降(jiang)(jiang)雨強度(du)(du)大，年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)雨量為(wei)1700～2200mm，相對(dui)濕度(du)(du)70～96%，霜期(qi)75天，霜日15～25天。
水文
在山(shan)嶺之間發(fa)育有(you)斷裂谷地(di)和(he)斷陷盆地(di)，是九龍江(jiang)、汀(ting)江(jiang)、閩(min)江(jiang)的(de)上游水系組(zu)成部分，為閩(min)江(jiang)、汀(ting)江(jiang)、九龍江(jiang)的(de)分水嶺，俗稱(cheng)"水流三江(jiang)地(di)"。由于復(fu)雜(za)的(de)地(di)質(zhi)構造和(he)流水切割的(de)影(ying)響，加(jia)之茂密(mi)的(de)森林覆蓋，構成閩(min)西獨特的(de)天(tian)然空調和(he)生(sheng)物水庫。
功能區劃
保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)按(an)功能(neng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)劃(hua)為(wei)核(he)心區(qu)(qu)(qu)、緩沖區(qu)(qu)(qu)和實驗區(qu)(qu)(qu)。總(zong)面積(ji)為(wei)22168.5公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，其中核(he)心區(qu)(qu)(qu)面積(ji)7041.7 公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，緩沖區(qu)(qu)(qu)2443.1 公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)實驗區(qu)(qu)(qu)劃(hua)2683.7 公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。
生物資源
植物
梅花山保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區系(xi)成份復雜，植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被區系(xi)具有(you)(you)(you)中亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)南(nan)緣向南(nan)亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)過(guo)渡(du)的特點，組成典型的亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)森林(lin)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被，有(you)(you)(you)亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)常綠闊(kuo)(kuo)葉林(lin)，針(zhen)(zhen)葉林(lin)，針(zhen)(zhen)、闊(kuo)(kuo)、竹(zhu)混(hun)交林(lin)，竹(zhu)林(lin)，亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)山地灌叢，草叢等11個植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被類(lei)型63個植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)系(xi)。區內植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)類(lei)僅(jin)維管束植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)(you)184種(zhong)734屬1628種(zhong)，其中屬國家重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區的有(you)(you)(you)觀(guan)光木、福建柏、鐘萼木、傘花木等23種(zhong)，珍稀植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)60余種(zhong)。
動物
梅花山自然保護區屬(shu)東(dong)洋界的中印亞界偏中北(bei)地(di)帶，具(ju)有(you)(you)向古北(bei)界的中亞過渡性，蘊藏棲(qi)(qi)(qi)息著豐富的野(ye)生動物。有(you)(you)陸棲(qi)(qi)(qi)野(ye)生動物362種，獸類(lei)(lei)6日20科(ke)(ke)66種，鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)17目(mu)40科(ke)(ke)198種，爬(pa)行(xing)類(lei)(lei)3目(mu)10科(ke)(ke)40屬(shu)69種，兩(liang)棲(qi)(qi)(qi)類(lei)(lei)2目(mu)8科(ke)(ke)29種，還有(you)(you)魚類(lei)(lei)5目(mu)14科(ke)(ke)51屬(shu)65種，貝類(lei)(lei)4目(mu)15科(ke)(ke)27種及浮(fu)游動物9目(mu)32科(ke)(ke)170種，有(you)(you)昆蟲20目(mu)150余科(ke)(ke)2000余種，大型真菌116種。
保護對象
植物
維管束植(zhi)物有184科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)734屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)1628種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（含(han)(han)(han)變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）（名(ming)錄見梅花山(shan)自然保護維管束植(zhi)物名(ming)錄和(he)附件(jian)四植(zhi)被(bei)補充調查(cha)報(bao)告(gao)）。其(qi)中蕨類植(zhi)物30科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)62屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)107種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸(luo)子(zi)植(zhi)物7科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)18屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子(zi)植(zhi)物147科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)654種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)1499種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。單(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)有11屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占總屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)1.5%；每屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)含(han)(han)(han)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，但并非單(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)有454屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占61.8%；含(han)(han)(han)2—4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有245屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占33.4%；含(han)(han)(han)5—6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有26屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占3.5%；含(han)(han)(han)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)有38屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占5.2%。含(han)(han)(han)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)較多的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)有：殼斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)6屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)43種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)48種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，木蘭科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)10屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，金縷梅科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，薔薇科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)16屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)79種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，豆科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)42屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)94種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，大(da)戟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)15屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)31種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，冬(dong)青(qing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)31種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，山(shan)茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)30種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，杜鵑(juan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)32種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紫金牛科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)5屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，山(shan)礬科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，馬鞭草科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)4屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)16種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，桑科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蕁麻科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蓼科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)26種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，野(ye)牡丹(dan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，唇(chun)形科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)15屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，茜草科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)23屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)41種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，忍(ren)冬(dong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)菊科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)31屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)54種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)禾木科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)62屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)135種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，莎草科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)14屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)53種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。殼斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、木蘭科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、山(shan)茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、薔薇科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、杜鵑(juan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、山(shan)礬科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、冬(dong)青(qing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等組成本(ben)區常綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)或針闊(kuo)葉(xie)混交(jiao)林(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類，而(er)且大(da)多是闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建群(qun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、優勢種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或亞優勢種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
動物
國家重點(dian)保(bao)護的(de)有(you)華南虎(hu)，金(jin)(jin)錢豹、云豹、金(jin)(jin)貓、黑鹿(lu)、梅花鹿(lu)等(deng)42種珍稀動物(wu)和金(jin)(jin)斑(ban)啄鳳(feng)蝶，詹(zhan)彩臂(bei)金(jin)(jin)龜(gui)等(deng)珍稀昆蟲。屬國家一級(ji)保(bao)護的(de)種類(lei)有(you)七(qi)種，二級(ji)保(bao)護的(de)種類(lei)有(you)三十種，其中群數量較多(duo)的(de)有(you)獼猴，穿山甲、白鷴、虎(hu)紋蛙(wa)四種。
旅游資源
保護區獨特的(de)地理(li)環境(jing)，奇(qi)(qi)特地貌特征，豐富(fu)的(de)森(sen)林資(zi)源造就了(le)豐富(fu)的(de)自然景觀。既有類型多樣、色彩豐富(fu)、四季變化的(de)森(sen)林景觀資(zi)源，也有活潑可愛、形(xing)態憨厚或兇猛(meng)無比的(de)動物(wu)景觀，更(geng)有奇(qi)(qi)山(shan)、異(yi)石，美麗(li)的(de)山(shan)花(hua)，秀(xiu)麗(li)的(de)水體和奇(qi)(qi)幻(huan)的(de)天(tian)象景觀。
山地景觀
水(shui)流三江(jiang)地：保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)內連城(cheng)縣曲(qu)溪鄉位于海拔(ba)1100米的黃勝地，其源流分(fen)別注(zhu)入經(jing)福州、漳(zhang)州和廣(guang)東潮州入海的福建三大水(shui)系(xi)，即九龍江(jiang)、汀江(jiang)、閩江(jiang)，因而(er)自古就稱為(wei)“水(shui)流三江(jiang)地”。
王(wang)(wang)母點(dian)兵：梅(mei)花山狗(gou)子腦北(bei)面，有一方圓十(shi)幾平方公里的(de)(de)中山草甸(dian)地，中央(yang)突兀拔(ba)起(qi)(qi)一座高山，是(shi)傳說(shuo)中的(de)(de)"王(wang)(wang)母點(dian)兵臺"，四(si)周環繞著千米左(zuo)右幾百個連綿起(qi)(qi)伏(fu)的(de)(de)山包，則是(shi)駐守山寨的(de)(de)軍營(ying)。
產“蛋”的(de)山谷：位于(yu)大斜(xie)村的(de)一(yi)座(zuo)山谷，四(si)周竹木蔥(cong)蘢，谷地中有一(yi)長(chang)數十米經常年雨(yu)水侵蝕形(xing)成的(de)布滿苔(tai)蘚(xian)的(de)黑褐(he)色卵形(xing)巨(ju)石帶。
此(ci)外(wai)區(qu)內還有奇峰聳峙(zhi)、怪石(shi)(shi)嶙峋的(de)廟(miao)金(jin)山；栩栩如生、呼之欲出(chu)(chu)的(de)棋盤石(shi)(shi)、羊角(jiao)石(shi)(shi)；神話連篇、充滿(man)傳(chuan)奇的(de)金(jin)錢吊葫蘆、出(chu)(chu)米石(shi)(shi)、翠鳥登潭等。
水域景觀
由于斷裂(lie)構造(zao)、小斷裂(lie)、節理(li)裂(lie)隙發(fa)育(yu)，加上降水(shui)量大，地(di)形坡度陡，，河床切割(ge)深等原因，形成(cheng)梅花山(shan)獨(du)特的景觀(guan)資(zi)源。有(you)奇(qi)特的清(qing)水(shui)溪、汶水(shui)溪和七口龍潭；壯觀(guan)的鯉魚寨瀑(pu)布(bu)、興隆(long)瀑(pu)布(bu)；池(chi)水(shui)清(qing)澈、碧水(shui)連天，風光秀麗的梅花山(shan)天池(chi)；有(you)如神功天造(zao)的雙車溫(wen)泉群。
生物景觀
梅花山(shan)氣(qi)候(hou)宜(yi)人(ren)，四(si)季長青。由于(yu)獨特地質地貌，植被、氣(qi)候(hou)等條(tiao)件(jian)因素，形成多層次、多類型的自然旅(lv)游資源。區內(nei)有(you)天(tian)然大徑(jing)級杉木(mu)(mu)林(lin)王國(guo)，古(gu)木(mu)(mu)參天(tian)；有(you)中亞(ya)熱帶灌木(mu)(mu)林(lin)景觀；有(you)南方紅豆杉林(lin)；此外還有(you)杜鵑花山(shan)、山(shan)櫻花路(lu)。
人文景觀
梅花(hua)山自然保護(hu)區在當(dang)地政府的支持下，于1998年率先于全國啟動(dong)華(hua)南虎(hu)(hu)拯救工程。現已初具規模，該工程項目占(zhan)地466公頃，區內(nei)設有華(hua)南虎(hu)(hu)野化繁育(yu)區、草食動(dong)物區、森林浴場、水上珍禽區、蛇園等(deng)，一方面(mian)作為華(hua)南虎(hu)(hu)繁育(yu)研究及野化豢養的場所，另一方面(mian)作為保護(hu)區的一個主要的生態教育(yu)基地。此外周邊(bian)還有豐(feng)富的可(ke)借(jie)人文景觀，如古田會議址，永定土(tu)樓，龍巖天宮山，崐(kun)連城中華(hua)性海寺，虎(hu)(hu)豹別墅，李氏(shi)大(da)宗(zong)祠等(deng)。
保護價值
梅(mei)花(hua)山(shan)(shan)由(you)于山(shan)(shan)體(ti)高大(da)及(ji)所處的(de)(de)特定地(di)理(li)位置(zhi)，形(xing)成了典型(xing)的(de)(de)亞熱帶濕(shi)潤山(shan)(shan)地(di)氣(qi)候，因離(li)海洋較近，常受到(dao)東(dong)南(nan)海洋暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)濕(shi)氣(qi)流的(de)(de)影響(xiang)，加上(shang)西北和東(dong)南(nan)有(you)武夷(yi)山(shan)(shan)脈和博平嶺作(zuo)天然(ran)屏障(zhang)(zhang)，對(dui)寒流南(nan)下和海洋暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)濕(shi)氣(qi)候入侵起阻擋和截留作(zuo)用，形(xing)成龍巖中(zhong)心(xin)城市冬暖(nuan)(nuan)(nuan)夏涼，氣(qi)溫、濕(shi)度較為(wei)穩定的(de)(de)特點。梅(mei)花(hua)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)存在不(bu)(bu)僅對(dui)龍巖中(zhong)心(xin)城市氣(qi)候調節起著不(bu)(bu)可(ke)代替的(de)(de)作(zuo)用，而且對(dui)鄰近地(di)區的(de)(de)氣(qi)候產(chan)生巨大(da)影響(xiang)，由(you)于山(shan)(shan)體(ti)對(dui)冷(leng)空氣(qi)的(de)(de)屏障(zhang)(zhang)作(zuo)用，使處于梅(mei)花(hua)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)南(nan)側(ce)的(de)(de)雁石溪(xi)谷地(di)、永(yong)定河谷地(di)及(ji)南(nan)側(ce)的(de)(de)黃潭(tan)河谷地(di)、汀江(jiang)谷地(di)成為(wei)整個(ge)閩西地(di)區熱量最(zui)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)。
管理現狀
根據保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)主要保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)對象(xiang)的(de)要求和管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)目標需(xu)要，建(jian)立(li)了較(jiao)為(wei)完善的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體系。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)下(xia)設辦公(gong)室、林(lin)政科(ke)、科(ke)技科(ke)、經營(ying)科(ke)、財務(wu)科(ke)、防(fang)(fang)(fang)火辦等6個(ge)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)科(ke)室以及森(sen)(sen)林(lin)公(gong)安分局(ju)(ju)和華南虎繁育研(yan)究所(suo)(suo)。按管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)—保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)站、森(sen)(sen)林(lin)公(gong)安分局(ju)(ju)—森(sen)(sen)林(lin)派出(chu)所(suo)(suo)模式設置兩級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，有4個(ge)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)站， 3個(ge)派出(chu)所(suo)(suo)，另外(wai)還有7個(ge)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)林(lin)哨卡、1個(ge)瞭望(wang)塔。 先后(hou)制(zhi)定了《梅(mei)花山(shan)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)辦法（試行）》、《福(fu)建(jian)梅(mei)花山(shan)國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)崗位職責管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度》、《福(fu)建(jian)梅(mei)花山(shan)國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)森(sen)(sen)林(lin)防(fang)(fang)(fang)火聯防(fang)(fang)(fang)群治(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)預案》、《福(fu)建(jian)梅(mei)花山(shan)國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)局(ju)(ju)生態公(gong)益林(lin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)實施方案》以及有關財務(wu)資(zi)產管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)、來(lai)賓接(jie)待、干部職工請假(jia)、考勤等的(de)規章制(zhi)度。
森林(lin)覆(fu)蓋率從建區(qu)(qu)前的60.4%上升到目前的94%，并多次被省、市(shi)授(shou)予(yu)(yu)“無(wu)森林(lin)火災”單位。1999年(nian)12月，被國(guo)家環保(bao)總局(ju)、國(guo)家林(lin)業(ye)局(ju)、農業(ye)部、國(guo)土資源部等部門聯合授(shou)予(yu)(yu)“全國(guo)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)理(li)先進集體”，被國(guo)家林(lin)業(ye)局(ju)授(shou)予(yu)(yu)“2002-2003年(nian)度(du)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)理(li)先進單位”等榮譽稱(cheng)號。
通過實施保(bao)護(hu)區一(yi)期工程項目(mu)(mu)建設(she)，保(bao)護(hu)區基礎設(she)施建設(she)初具規模(mo)，現(xian)有(you)管理(li)局(ju)、公安(an)分(fen)局(ju)、華南虎繁育研(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)、兩個保(bao)護(hu)管理(li)站和(he)一(yi)個護(hu)林(lin)哨卡(ka)等的辦公用房及(ji)相應的辦公用具、車輛、通訊設(she)施和(he)設(she)備(bei)等。同時(shi)，在區界(jie)周圍立(li)碑(bei)定界(jie)，設(she)宣(xuan)傳牌143個；先(xian)后新建和(he)維修林(lin)道、人行便道38km。2004年底國(guo)(guo)家林(lin)業(ye)局(ju)批(pi)復(fu)了“福建梅花山國(guo)(guo)家級自然保(bao)護(hu)區管理(li)局(ju)二期工程建設(she)”項目(mu)(mu)。
斌斌有禮 
