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歷史沿革

高格斯臺罕烏拉自然保護區(qu)1997年(nian)(nian)經阿旗人民(min)政府批準成立；1999年(nian)(nian)，晉(jin)升為(wei)(wei)市級保護區(qu)；2001年(nian)(nian)晉(jin)升為(wei)(wei)自治(zhi)區(qu)級保護區(qu)。2011年(nian)(nian)4月16日(ri)國(guo)務院辦(ban)公廳正式批準保護區(qu)晉(jin)升為(wei)(wei)國(guo)家級自然保護區(qu)。

區域范圍

高格(ge)斯臺罕(han)烏(wu)(wu)拉自然(ran)保護區(qu)位于內蒙古赤峰(feng)市阿魯(lu)科(ke)爾沁(qin)(qin)旗北(bei)(bei)部(bu)，地(di)理坐標為東(dong)經119度(du)03分(fen)至119度(du)39分(fen)；北(bei)(bei)緯44度(du)41分(fen)至45度(du)08分(fen)，總(zong)面積106284公頃。保護區(qu)以阿魯(lu)科(ke)爾沁(qin)(qin)旗罕(han)山林(lin)場(chang)為主體，北(bei)(bei)與本旗的罕(han)蘇(su)(su)(su)木(mu)(mu)蘇(su)(su)(su)木(mu)(mu)毗鄰；南(nan)與巴林(lin)左旗和本旗的罕(han)蘇(su)(su)(su)木(mu)(mu)蘇(su)(su)(su)木(mu)(mu)接壤，東(dong)與內蒙古通遼市扎魯(lu)特旗相連，西鄰錫林(lin)郭(guo)勒盟的西烏(wu)(wu)珠穆沁(qin)(qin)旗。

保護區(qu)(qu)地(di)處大興(xing)安嶺南(nan)段(duan)山地(di)中部(bu)，是蒙古(gu)高原與(yu)東北平原、森(sen)林(lin)(lin)與(yu)草(cao)原、華(hua)北植(zhi)物(wu)區(qu)(qu)系與(yu)東北植(zhi)物(wu)區(qu)(qu)系過渡的典型地(di)段(duan)，有森(sen)林(lin)(lin)、灌(guan)叢、草(cao)原、濕地(di)等多樣的生(sheng)態系統。森(sen)林(lin)(lin)茂密、草(cao)原廣袤、溪(xi)流縱橫、物(wu)種豐富(fu)。對阻擋蒙古(gu)高原風沙向南(nan)侵襲具有重要(yao)的生(sheng)態屏障(zhang)作用。

保護目標

保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區的(de)(de)主要保(bao)(bao)(bao)護對象為：保(bao)(bao)(bao)護大興(xing)安(an)嶺南(nan)麓山地典型的(de)(de)過渡帶森林—草(cao)原生(sheng)態系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)完整性；保(bao)(bao)(bao)護西遼河(he)源頭的(de)(de)重要濕(shi)地生(sheng)態系統(tong)(tong)；保(bao)(bao)(bao)護棲息于該生(sheng)態系統(tong)(tong)中的(de)(de)野生(sheng)馬鹿（東北亞種）種群；保(bao)(bao)(bao)護國家重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護鳥(niao)類(lei)大鴇、黑(hei)鸛(guan)及其它珍稀(xi)瀕(bin)危鳥(niao)類(lei)的(de)(de)繁殖地。

這里(li)不僅有(you)多樣的(de)生物資(zi)源和(he)自然生態系統，還有(you)第四紀冰川(chuan)期遺留的(de)豐富地質景(jing)觀。步入高格斯臺，冰川(chuan)切割形(xing)(xing)成的(de)三角面、冰坎地貌、心(xin)形(xing)(xing)山、冰川(chuan)漂礫等(deng)地質景(jing)觀隨處可(ke)見，是學習地質知識(shi)的(de)天然教科書(shu)。

動植物資源

高格斯臺特殊的(de)(de)自然地(di)理(li)條件(jian)得以保(bao)(bao)存了眾多的(de)(de)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。初步科(ke)學考察證(zheng)實，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區有(you)7個(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)被型(xing)、33個(ge)群系；有(you)苔(tai)鮮植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)132種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、蕨類(lei)(lei)(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)700種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。發(fa)現(xian)中國(guo)(guo)苔(tai)蘚(xian)新(xin)(xin)記(ji)錄(lu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、內蒙古新(xin)(xin)記(ji)錄(lu)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、列入《珍(zhen)稀(xi)瀕危(wei)野生(sheng)動植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)國(guo)(guo)際貿易公(gong)約》保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)內蒙古珍(zhen)稀(xi)瀕危(wei)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)野生(sheng)大型(xing)真菌160種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)脊椎動物(wu)(wu)241種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中魚類(lei)(lei)(lei)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、兩棲類(lei)(lei)(lei)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、爬行(xing)類(lei)(lei)(lei)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、鳥類(lei)(lei)(lei)182種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、獸(shou)類(lei)(lei)(lei)37種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)大鴇、大天(tian)鵝、蓑羽鶴、白枕鶴、黑(hei)(hei)琴(qin)雞、雕鸮(xiao)、烏雕、紅腳隼(sun)等國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)鳥類(lei)(lei)(lei)38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、有(you)馬(ma)鹿、猞猁等國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)獸(shou)類(lei)(lei)(lei)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)昆(kun)蟲1293種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中有(you)中國(guo)(guo)昆(kun)蟲新(xin)(xin)記(ji)錄(lu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在(zai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區境內發(fa)現(xian)半翅目昆(kun)蟲新(xin)(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，定名(ming)為巴氏直緣長蝽,保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區是該種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)昆(kun)蟲模式(shi)標本采集地(di)。高格斯臺是鳥類(lei)(lei)(lei)重要的(de)(de)繁(fan)殖地(di)和野生(sheng)馬(ma)鹿的(de)(de)家(jia)園。大鴇、黑(hei)(hei)鸛(guan)、蓑羽鶴、黑(hei)(hei)琴(qin)雞等珍(zhen)稀(xi)瀕危(wei)鳥類(lei)(lei)(lei)均在(zai)此筑(zhu)巢繁(fan)殖；這里保(bao)(bao)存了我國(guo)(guo)馬(ma)鹿（東北亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）十(shi)分重要的(de)(de)野生(sheng)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群，無論(lun)春(chun)夏秋冬，都隨處(chu)可見馬(ma)鹿活(huo)動的(de)(de)蹤影。

旅游資源

罕(han)(han)山位于內蒙(meng)古自(zi)治(zhi)區阿魯科爾(er)沁旗巴(ba)彥(yan)溫都蘇(su)木北部(bu)，是屬于大(da)興安嶺的(de)(de)支脈(mo)。由眾多高(gao)(gao)大(da)的(de)(de)山峰組成(cheng)(cheng)，其(qi)中高(gao)(gao)格斯臺罕(han)(han)山海(hai)拔(ba)1531米，因(yin)(yin)山勢(shi)高(gao)(gao)大(da)雄偉，頂部(bu)平坦，植物低矮，故名高(gao)(gao)大(da)平頂山。它與(yu)東南方(fang)的(de)(de)巴(ba)岱山和西南方(fang)的(de)(de)烏蘭(lan)山，構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)了綠樹(shu)如屏(ping)，繁花如云的(de)(de)“美三角(jiao)”。山上云霧(wu)繚(liao)繞，泉水叮(ding)咚可(ke)見，山下百花爭艷，四(si)周群峰疊(die)翠。這里樹(shu)木成(cheng)(cheng)蔭，鳥(niao)語花香，更(geng)因(yin)(yin)盛產的(de)(de)“罕(han)(han)山四(si)寶”--鹿群、蕨菜、黃花、木耳而聞名遐(xia)邇。

旅(lv)游區內山路平緩(huan)，游人可(ke)乘(cheng)車(che)一直到山頂(ding)，這里谷(gu)深峰高(gao)(gao)、氣候溫和濕潤。春(chun)季柳舒花放、萬(wan)紫千(qian)紅。夏季草原(yuan)(yuan)碧(bi)綠(lv)、鳥語花香、林海莽莽、綠(lv)樹如屏、高(gao)(gao)山流水、云霧繚繞。秋季，金風送爽、楓(feng)葉如火、天高(gao)(gao)云淡、奶(nai)(nai)酒(jiu)飄香。冬季，千(qian)里冰封、銀裝素(su)裹(guo)、原(yuan)(yuan)野空曠、禽獸出沒。旅(lv)游者(zhe)還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)走(zou)進蒙古包，喝(he)上飄香的奶(nai)(nai)茶，吃上可(ke)口的手(shou)抓(zhua)肉，盡(jin)情(qing)領略蒙古族民情(qing)。

生態價值

保(bao)護區對保(bao)護我國重要(yao)的(de)(de)生物資源基因庫，同(tong)時對阻擋(dang)蒙古高(gao)原(yuan)風沙向(xiang)南侵襲具有(you)重要(yao)的(de)(de)生態(tai)屏障作用。保(bao)護區主(zhu)要(yao)保(bao)護對象的(de)(de)典型性(xing)、稀有(you)性(xing)、瀕危(wei)性(xing)和代表性(xing)較(jiao)強，在保(bao)護生物多樣性(xing)資源、維(wei)持生態(tai)系統良性(xing)循環(huan)等方面(mian)具有(you)重要(yao)作用。