簡介
該湖濱公(gong)園采用傳統造(zao)園手法,堆山砌石,建(jian)有(you)各式(shi)亭(ting)閣,輔有(you)寬敞的草(cao)坪,種植各種花(hua)(hua)草(cao)樹木,使其四(si)周綠樹成蔭,小溪流水,鳥語(yu)花(hua)(hua)香。
該園現已建成4個(ge)功能區,即(ji)游(you)樂(le)園區、老年(nian)活動區、動物園區、管理區。園內有“激流勇進”;占地5000平(ping)方米的獅虎山以(yi)及占地1120平(ping)方米憩(qi)園。
改造工程的規劃設計
水系統現狀(zhuang)及問(wen)題(ti)
盤錦(jin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)中(zhong)國濕地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)都,位(wei)于渤海(hai)(hai)北部,遼(liao)寧省西(xi)南(nan)部,遼(liao)河三角洲(zhou)中(zhong)心地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)。但是(shi)按照以往傳統建(jian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)理念(nian),盤錦(jin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)開(kai)發強(qiang)度(du)不(bu)合理等(deng)諸(zhu)多因素,導(dao)致了很多“城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)病”的(de)(de)產生。主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)表(biao)現在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)量(liang)(liang)嚴(yan)重不(bu)足(zu),人均占有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(不(bu)含(han)入境(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang))262 立方米,不(bu)足(zu)我(wo)國人均占有(you)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)1 /8,是(shi)全國50多個(ge)嚴(yan)重缺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)一;地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)開(kai)采(cai)(cai)接近極限,近二十幾(ji)年來的(de)(de)大(da)量(liang)(liang)開(kai)采(cai)(cai),地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)呈區域性持續下(xia)降(jiang)。每年下(xia)降(jiang)1 m ~ 5.5 m,已形成(cheng)多個(ge)地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)開(kai)采(cai)(cai)漏斗; 再(zai)生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)足(zu),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)再(zai)生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)用(yong)(yong)率不(bu)足(zu)14% ;另外,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)環(huan)境(jing)方面(mian)(mian)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)問題,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區大(da)部分為截流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)式(shi)合流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)制,雨季徑流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)對河流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)濕地(di)(di)(di)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質造成(cheng)較大(da)沖擊。由于按照傳統建(jian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)理念(nian)進行開(kai)發,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)土地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)(yong)及變化(hua)(hua)加劇了地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)溢流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran),導(dao)致城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質惡化(hua)(hua)。現有(you)排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)“快(kuai)收快(kuai)排(pai)(pai)(pai)”,雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通過(guo)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)徑流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)就近排(pai)(pai)(pai)往城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)政管(guan)道(dao),后由泵站(zhan)抽排(pai)(pai)(pai)至(zhi)河流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu),大(da)面(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)不(bu)透水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)導(dao)致雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)匯流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)時間短(duan),匯流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)大(da),綠化(hua)(hua)基本沒有(you)滯留(liu)調蓄能力,導(dao)致下(xia)游排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓力大(da)。一方面(mian)(mian),盤錦(jin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)整體(ti)(ti)地(di)(di)(di)勢較低,常(chang)年受(shou)內(nei)澇(lao)和(he)外洪的(de)(de)威脅,迫切需要(yao)(yao)通過(guo)海(hai)(hai)綿城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)提(ti)高防(fang)洪排(pai)(pai)(pai)澇(lao)能力。另一方面(mian)(mian),盤錦(jin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)部分河流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)、濕地(di)(di)(di)、湖(hu)泊(bo)等(deng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)均不(bu)同(tong)程度(du)的(de)(de)遭受(shou)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran),迫切需要(yao)(yao)通過(guo)海(hai)(hai)綿城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)改善城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)環(huan)境(jing);提(ti)升城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)形象(xiang),促進生態文明建(jian)設(she)。
兩大海綿體系統
為了(le)解(jie)決如(ru)何通(tong)(tong)過(guo)海(hai)綿(mian)城市的(de)(de)技(ji)術措(cuo)施及合理(li)布局(ju)(ju),實現(xian)道路和綠地的(de)(de)滲水(shui)(shui)、蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)、凈化功能;對(dui)(dui)園區的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)系進行合理(li)的(de)(de)布局(ju)(ju)與處理(li),最終實現(xian)蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)功能; 將現(xian)狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)魚塘打造為濕(shi)地,實現(xian)對(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)體的(de)(de)滯(zhi)留、凈化; 通(tong)(tong)過(guo)技(ji)術手段實現(xian)對(dui)(dui)湖泊的(de)(de)雨洪調蓄(xu)功能。針對(dui)(dui)以上問題,作(zuo)出了(le)海(hai)綿(mian)體解(jie)決的(de)(de)兩(liang)大策略,即通(tong)(tong)過(guo)對(dui)(dui)“自然海(hai)綿(mian)體”與“人(ren)造海(hai)綿(mian)體”相結合的(de)(de)海(hai)綿(mian)景(jing)觀(guan)處理(li)方式使水(shui)(shui)體有較強的(de)(de)調蓄(xu)功能并且使水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)得(de)到彈性化利(li)用。