簡要介紹
女(nv)(nv)山古火(huo)山地(di)(di)質(zhi)公(gong)園(yuan),也名女(nv)(nv)山地(di)(di)質(zhi)公(gong)園(yuan),坐(zuo)落于安(an)徽省(sheng)(sheng)明光(guang)市(shi)東(dong)北部女(nv)(nv)山湖鎮(原屬邵崗鄉)境內,該公(gong)園(yuan)以(yi)女(nv)(nv)山古火(huo)山地(di)(di)質(zhi)地(di)(di)貌為主要景(jing)觀(guan),有(you)無蚊處、仙(xian)人洞(又(you)稱仙(xian)居石(shi)窟)、玉環池、觀(guan)湖亭、浮石(shi)灘、珍珠(zhu)泉、何老墳、蟠龍樹等(deng)景(jing)觀(guan)。是集觀(guan)光(guang)旅(lv)游(you)、娛樂休閑、科普教育和科學考察研究為一體的(de)地(di)(di)質(zhi)旅(lv)游(you)公(gong)園(yuan)。2004年元月被(bei)安(an)徽省(sheng)(sheng)國(guo)土資源廳批準為首批省(sheng)(sheng)級地(di)(di)質(zhi)公(gong)園(yuan)。
地質地貌
女(nv)(nv)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)古(gu)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地質公(gong)園,坐落于女(nv)(nv)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)湖(hu)鎮(zhen)(原屬邵崗鄉)境(jing)內(nei),位于明光(guang)(guang)市東(dong)北部,距(ju)市區27公(gong)里,女(nv)(nv)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為一(yi)座休眠火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。是(shi)世界上保(bao)存最完整的古(gu)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)口(kou)之一(yi)(中國僅存兩處(chu),另一(yi)處(chu)在(zai)東(dong)北黑龍(long)江)。火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)口(kou)東(dong)西(xi)長1.1公(gong)里,南北寬1公(gong)里,海拔(ba)101.5米,占地1900畝。女(nv)(nv)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)大(da)自(zi)然留給人類的寶貴財(cai)富,具有獨(du)特的火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地貌,機構(gou)齊全(quan),特征典型,內(nei)容(rong)豐(feng)富,構(gou)造組合完整,是(shi)觀測地球(qiu)結構(gou)的一(yi)面窗戶。從空中鳥瞰女(nv)(nv)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),恰似一(yi)只玉環(huan)浮于水面,故(gu)又(you)稱玉環(huan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中擁有大(da)小(xiao)景點(dian)二十余處(chu),湖(hu)光(guang)(guang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)色,自(zi)然環(huan)境(jing)優美(mei),人文(wen)景觀豐(feng)富,素有“三村環(huan)抱(bao)一(yi)份(fen)水,四月蔥蘢(long)千畝田”之美(mei)譽。
代表景觀
無蚊處
火山氣體(ti)噴發物升華出(chu)的硫(liu)磺等礦(kuang)物,發出(chu)特殊氣體(ti),致使夏季無蚊蠅(ying),形成一塊獨特的區域。面積約千余平方(fang)米(玉環山口有奇峰,夏夜安眠入朦朧。不是硫(liu)磺強烈(lie)味,哪(na)能此處無蚊蟲。)
仙人(ren)洞(又稱仙居石窟)
剖面由多層(ceng)氣孔狀玄武巖和(he)火(huo)山(shan)灰沉積(ji)相間堆積(ji)而成,同時又有多個大小(xiao)形態不同的(de)(de)孔洞(dong)。該剖面是(shi)研究女山(shan)晚第三(san)紀同期性旋回火(huo)山(shan)噴發提供絕佳(jia)的(de)(de)場所。(仙人洞(dong)宇久相傳(chuan),一對仙姑道學玄;詩中藏(zang)名真(zhen)絕妙,雙龍公子費周旋。)
玉環池
火山經過多(duo)次(ci)噴(pen)發(fa),火山口(kou)破裂擴張(zhang),加(jia)之噴(pen)發(fa)結束(shu)后,火山熔(rong)巖(yan)自(zi)然冷卻(que)下沉,使(shi)形成深淺不一的凹(ao)狀火山口(kou),后又積水(shui)成湖,山底自(zi)然形成一座小型水(shui)庫(ku),常年保持4—6米水(shui)位,據澳大利亞及日本專家測定:該水(shui)集多(duo)種礦物質,久浴此水(shui)可保健皮膚,可開辟天然的游泳場所,女山天池項目正(zheng)在開發(fa)建設之中。(約5畝)
觀湖亭
建于2003年8月,為六角亭,柱(zhu)高3.5,亭高7米,為觀女山湖佳(jia)境處,觀湖光(guang)山色,千帆競發,聽漁舟唱晚,心(xin)情油(you)然開(kai)朗。
浮石灘
浮(fu)石(shi)是一(yi)種(zhong)含氣孔狀(zhuang)的玻璃巖(yan)石(shi),擲入水(shui)中(zhong)立即浮(fu)起,此處火(huo)山熔巖(yan)經湖(hu)浪淘蝕,形(xing)成灘(tan)地,可(ke)以(yi)見到玄武巖(yan)巖(yan)柱(zhu)狀(zhuang)節理,橄欖石(shi)包裹體等現象。(生來(lai)麻(ma)癩體身輕,水(shui)面顛簸不下沉(chen);巧手制成工藝品,供人欣(xin)賞身心怡。)
珍珠泉
斷(duan)裂形成六(liu)個(ge)大(da)小(xiao)不一的扁圓形泉眼,成串珠狀排列,屬低溫溫泉。
何老墳
傳(chuan)說為南(nan)京一(yi)達官顯貴死后的墓(mu)穴。墓(mu)穴為南(nan)北走向,坐(zuo)北面南(nan),規模(mo)較大,后被破壞(huai),現僅存(cun)遺跡。(何公何必入官迷,崇拜(bai)風水陰陽師;幻想子孫居(ju)高位,父子同埋(mai)世間奇。
蟠龍樹
女(nv)山(shan)最(zui)高(gao)峰正北(bei)面(mian)山(shan)腳下有(you)(you)(you)一個(ge)村莊叫小(xiao)林郢,莊前有(you)(you)(you)一棵大樹(shu)(shu)古黃連(lian)(lian)木,又名黃連(lian)(lian)頭,樹(shu)(shu)干胸(xiong)圍(wei)(wei)3.30米(mi)(mi),高(gao)度21米(mi)(mi),樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)幅16米(mi)(mi),面(mian)積 200多平米(mi)(mi),樹(shu)(shu)齡(ling)超過(guo)500年,樹(shu)(shu)蔭濃密,遮天蔽(bi)(bi)日(ri),每(mei)當夏季來(lai)臨(lin)之際,引來(lai)百鳥爭鳴,別有(you)(you)(you)情趣。該樹(shu)(shu)上有(you)(you)(you)異花(hua)盤(pan)頂,下有(you)(you)(you)古樹(shu)(shu)盤(pan)根(gen),冠(guan)(guan)名蟠龍(long)(long)(long)樹(shu)(shu)。蟠龍(long)(long)(long)樹(shu)(shu)車(che)輛無法到(dao)達(da),游(you)人自(zi)北(bei)山(shan)頂部到(dao)達(da)蟠龍(long)(long)(long)樹(shu)(shu)有(you)(you)(you)2公里路(lu)程,來(lai)回得(de)兩個(ge)小(xiao)時(shi);從山(shan)下繞路(lu)到(dao)達(da)蟠龍(long)(long)(long)樹(shu)(shu)有(you)(you)(you)4公里路(lu)程,來(lai)回也得(de)兩個(ge)小(xiao)時(shi)。所以,女(nv)山(shan)1千個(ge)游(you)客(ke)之中(zhong)也很少有(you)(you)(you)1個(ge)到(dao)達(da)蟠龍(long)(long)(long)樹(shu)(shu)的。據(ju)鑒定,已有(you)(you)(you)500多年歷史,該樹(shu)(shu)為黃連(lian)(lian)樹(shu)(shu),樹(shu)(shu)高(gao)21米(mi)(mi),胸(xiong)高(gao)21米(mi)(mi),胸(xiong)圍(wei)(wei)3.3米(mi)(mi),冠(guan)(guan)幅16米(mi)(mi),該樹(shu)(shu)生長旺盛,樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)豐滿(man),樹(shu)(shu)根(gen)酷似龍(long)(long)(long)爪(zhua),實乃罕見。(此株老樹(shu)(shu)不知年,存孝乘涼馬在拴;華蓋(gai)龍(long)(long)(long)盤(pan)如巨傘,濃蔭蔽(bi)(bi)日(ri)半(ban)邊天。)
民間傳說
女(nv)(nv)(nv)山(shan)(shan)湖(hu)因女(nv)(nv)(nv)山(shan)(shan)而各名(ming),民間傳說女(nv)(nv)(nv)山(shan)(shan)湖(hu)上原有一(yi)(yi)擺渡老(lao)人(ren),因叉鱉十(shi)拿九穩,被稱(cheng)為(wei)鱉爺。鱉爺有一(yi)(yi)女(nv)(nv)(nv)兒,名(ming)玉女(nv)(nv)(nv),生得如花似玉,與漁人(ren)龐(pang)(pang)龜(gui)(gui)相戀。正值兩人(ren)欲擇日成親(qin)之時,惡霸王(wang)爺看(kan)中了(le)(le)玉女(nv)(nv)(nv),要娶(qu)她做小老(lao)婆,一(yi)(yi)天(tian),王(wang)爺帶人(ren)上門搶親(qin),與龐(pang)(pang)龜(gui)(gui)打了(le)(le)起來,龐(pang)(pang)龜(gui)(gui)力大無比,無人(ren)近(jin)身,王(wang)爺命開弓(gong)射箭。當箭穿透(tou)龐(pang)(pang)龜(gui)(gui)胸膛之際,龐(pang)(pang)龜(gui)(gui)也將(jiang)手中利(li)箭擲出(chu),正中王(wang)爺心窩。王(wang)爺死了(le)(le),龐(pang)(pang)龜(gui)(gui)倒(dao)在(zai)船板上,龐(pang)(pang)龜(gui)(gui)的(de)尸體漂(piao)到(dao)女(nv)(nv)(nv)山(shan)(shan)湖(hu)邊的(de)舊縣鎮西,長出(chu)一(yi)(yi)座山(shan)(shan),人(ren)稱(cheng)龜(gui)(gui)山(shan)(shan),即現在(zai)的(de)凌云圩(wei)旁龜(gui)(gui)頭(tou)咀。玉女(nv)(nv)(nv)也殉情而死,尸體漂(piao)到(dao)湖(hu)邊,長出(chu)一(yi)(yi)座山(shan)(shan),便是玉女(nv)(nv)(nv)山(shan)(shan),即現在(zai)的(de)女(nv)(nv)(nv)山(shan)(shan)。
保護開發
女(nv)山(shan)古火(huo)山(shan)口是世界上(shang)保存(cun)最完好的(de)(de)古火(huo)山(shan)口之一(yi)。女(nv)山(shan)古火(huo)山(shan)口地質地貌遺(yi)跡形成于150萬年(nian)前,其噴(pen)發物的(de)(de)各種流(liu)動構造非(fei)常明顯,是國內新(xin)生(sheng)化玄武(wu)巖噴(pen)發中(zhong)最具代(dai)表性的(de)(de)地區之一(yi),有著(zhu)極高的(de)(de)美學和研究價值。
按照(zhao)地質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)園開(kai)發建設(she)要求(qiu),明(ming)光市從2001年(nian)3月始(shi)終(zhong)堅持可(ke)持續發展,以保護性開(kai)發為重點(dian),在不(bu)破(po)壞(huai)原火山口地形地貌的基(ji)礎上,將女山開(kai)發定(ding)位在集觀光旅游、娛(yu)樂休閑、科普教育和(he)科學(xue)考察研究為一體的地質(zhi)旅游公(gong)(gong)園。2004年(nian)元月被安徽省國土資源廳批準為首批省級地質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)園。