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鎮巴縣地(di)處川(chuan)陜交界，是“民(min)歌之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”、“紅軍(jun)之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”，是川(chuan)陜革命(ming)根(gen)據地(di)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要組(zu)成部分。當年，在中(zhong)國(guo)共產黨和紅四方(fang)面(mian)軍(jun)的(de)(de)領導下(xia)，建立(li)了(le)(le)縣蘇維埃政權(quan)，宣傳(chuan)土地(di)革命(ming)，發動(dong)群(qun)眾參(can)軍(jun)參(can)戰(zhan)，南面(mian)支(zhi)援紅軍(jun)前線戰(zhan)事，北面(mian)防御國(guo)民(min)黨的(de)(de)進攻，進行(xing)了(le)(le)英勇頑強、艱苦卓絕的(de)(de)斗爭(zheng)，留下(xia)了(le)(le)可歌可泣(qi)、震(zhen)撼人心，光照日月的(de)(de)事跡。這些，必然要反(fan)映到勞(lao)動(dong)人民(min)口頭文學的(de)(de)創作(zuo)里，特別是巴山人民(min)熱愛和熟悉的(de)(de)歌謠里。

《十送紅(hong)軍》民歌就出自鎮巴(ba)與四(si)川(chuan)通江交界(jie)的西(xi)鄉街（兩河口）。西(xi)鄉街（兩河口）是紅(hong)四(si)方面軍入川(chuan)第一(yi)鎮，是紅(hong)四(si)方面軍創(chuang)立川(chuan)陜省蘇維(wei)埃政(zheng)權中(zhong)成立的第一(yi)個(ge)縣蘇維(wei)埃政(zheng)權——赤北縣蘇維(wei)埃政(zheng)府。

創作背景

川(chuan)(chuan)陜(shan)革(ge)命(ming)根據地(di)紅(hong)色蘇區(qu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)色歌(ge)謠(yao)，是產生于第二(er)次國內革(ge)命(ming)戰爭時期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陜(shan)南和(he)(he)(he)川(chuan)(chuan)北大巴山(shan)(shan)區(qu)這個(ge)特(te)(te)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境，它(ta)有明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時代背景和(he)(he)(he)鮮明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang)特(te)(te)色，由于風起云(yun)涌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斗爭生活，又為紅(hong)色歌(ge)謠(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產生提供(gong)了(le)(le)不盡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)源泉，使這里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)歌(ge)無論在(zai)思想上，藝(yi)術(shu)上有了(le)(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展。在(zai)陜(shan)南、川(chuan)(chuan)北的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)群眾中(zhong)，一方(fang)(fang)面(mian)剔(ti)除(chu)了(le)(le)山(shan)(shan)歌(ge)中(zhong)滲入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)某些(xie)不建(jian)康和(he)(he)(he)落后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成份(fen)，一方(fang)(fang)面(mian)完美地(di)吸取了(le)(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)題材，從而(er)使那些(xie)以歌(ge)頌(song)黨(dang)和(he)(he)(he)紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)、歌(ge)頌(song)翻身解放，積極參加(jia)紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)，反映軍(jun)(jun)民關系，支援反“圍剿”戰爭。紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)走后(hou)又產生了(le)(le)懷念(nian)黨(dang)和(he)(he)(he)紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)為內容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歌(ge)謠(yao)，增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思想，煥發了(le)(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)術(shu)生命(ming)，使陜(shan)南川(chuan)(chuan)北地(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民間歌(ge)謠(yao)，在(zai)廣度和(he)(he)(he)深(shen)度上，都有了(le)(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繼承和(he)(he)(he)發展。

鎮巴(ba)縣(xian)(xian)地處川(chuan)陜交界，是(shi)“民(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)之鄉(xiang)”、“紅軍(jun)(jun)之鄉(xiang)”，是(shi)川(chuan)陜革命(ming)根據地的(de)(de)重要(yao)組(zu)成部分。當年，在中國共產黨(dang)和紅四(si)方(fang)面(mian)軍(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)領(ling)導下，建立了(le)縣(xian)(xian)蘇維埃政權(quan)，宣(xuan)傳(chuan)土地革命(ming)，發動群眾(zhong)參軍(jun)(jun)參戰，南面(mian)支(zhi)援紅軍(jun)(jun)前線戰事(shi)(shi)，北面(mian)防(fang)御國民(min)(min)黨(dang)的(de)(de)進攻(gong)，進行(xing)了(le)英勇頑強、艱苦卓(zhuo)絕的(de)(de)斗爭，留下了(le)可歌(ge)(ge)可泣、震(zhen)撼人(ren)心，光照(zhao)日(ri)月的(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)跡。這些，必然要(yao)反映到勞動人(ren)民(min)(min)口頭文學的(de)(de)創作里(li)，特別是(shi)巴(ba)山(shan)人(ren)民(min)(min)熱愛和熟悉(xi)的(de)(de)歌(ge)(ge)謠里(li)。

歌曲來源

解放后鎮(zhen)巴(ba)縣重視(shi)紅(hong)(hong)色歌謠(yao)的搜集(ji)(ji)和整理(li)，縣內從事文(wen)藝、史料的許多專業(ye)和業(ye)余(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)者，滿懷熱情，含辛如苦(ku)，深入全縣廣大地(di)區(qu)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)整理(li)了千余(yu)首鎮(zhen)巴(ba)紅(hong)(hong)色歌謠(yao)，其(qi)中《十(shi)送(song)紅(hong)(hong)軍》民歌就(jiu)出(chu)自鎮(zhen)巴(ba)與四川(chuan)通(tong)江交界的西(xi)鄉街（兩(liang)河(he)口）。西(xi)鄉街（兩(liang)河(he)口）是清嘉慶(qing)七(qi)年（1802）前，此地(di)為(wei)西(xi)鄉縣所轄，故(gu)名(ming)西(xi)鄉街，后屬鎮(zhen)巴(ba)縣轄。西(xi)鄉街（兩(liang)河(he)口）是紅(hong)(hong)四方(fang)面軍入川(chuan)第(di)一(yi)鎮(zhen)，是紅(hong)(hong)四方(fang)面軍創立川(chuan)陜(shan)省蘇(su)(su)維(wei)(wei)埃政權中成立的第(di)一(yi)個縣蘇(su)(su)維(wei)(wei)埃政權——赤北(bei)縣蘇(su)(su)維(wei)(wei)埃政府，轄通(tong)江及鎮(zhen)巴(ba)簡池、永(yong)樂(le)核桃樹、三元蘇(su)(su)家坡等地(di)。1956年秋(qiu)鎮(zhen)巴(ba)縣政府民政科文(wen)史收(shou)集(ji)(ji)者符文(wen)學(xue)到簡池、永(yong)樂(le)一(yi)帶普查(cha)紅(hong)(hong)軍烈(lie)士和了解紅(hong)(hong)軍史跡，收(shou)集(ji)(ji)了《十(shi)送(song)紅(hong)(hong)軍》歌詞，下面是符文(wen)學(xue)當時(shi)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)經過。

符(fu)文(wen)(wen)學說：“建(jian)國(guo)后，在(zai)1956年的秋未冬初，我(wo)(wo)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)永樂鄉后，鄉上(shang)讓我(wo)(wo)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)西(xi)鄉街(jie)(jie)（兩河口(kou)）找朱(zhu)有(you)熾(chi)(chi)，朱(zhu)有(you)熾(chi)(chi)住西(xi)鄉街(jie)(jie)（兩河口(kou)）上(shang)，他知道很(hen)多革命(ming)歷史和(he)(he)紅(hong)(hong)軍烈(lie)士人物(wu)情況，朱(zhu)有(you)熾(chi)(chi)曾任過川陜省赤(chi)北縣(xian)(xian)蘇維埃(ai)(ai)稅務(wu)局長，并(bing)在(zai)那時就加入(ru)了(le)(le)(le)中國(guo)共產黨，其妻(qi)陳昌(chang)秀同時入(ru)黨并(bing)任兩河口(kou)鄉蘇維埃(ai)(ai)婦女委員長。我(wo)(wo)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)西(xi)鄉街(jie)(jie)找到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)朱(zhu)有(you)熾(chi)(chi)后，先(xian)談(tan)了(le)(le)(le)有(you)關革命(ming)烈(lie)士和(he)(he)革命(ming)斗爭史實后，他順便唱了(le)(le)(le)歌(ge)謠《徐向(xiang)前到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)川陜，空(kong)山(shan)壩(ba)扎營(ying)盤，惡人個個腦殼砍，打得川軍垮了(le)(le)(le)桿》、《紅(hong)(hong)軍到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)西(xi)鄉街(jie)(jie)，人山(shan)人海(hai)云集來(lai)，河口(kou)街(jie)(jie)上(shang)搭高臺，川陜首(shou)建(jian)蘇維埃(ai)(ai)，首(shou)縣(xian)(xian)就是(shi)赤(chi)北縣(xian)(xian)，邊境上(shang)空(kong)紅(hong)(hong)了(le)(le)(le)天》。他還說：“我(wo)(wo)還有(you)一(yi)(yi)首(shou)較長的，一(yi)(yi)共十(shi)段，內容較好(hao)。歌(ge)名(ming)叫《十(shi)送(song)紅(hong)(hong)軍》，接著(zhu)他哼唱，我(wo)(wo)就記錄，記錄畢了(le)(le)(le)又念起給朱(zhu)有(you)熾(chi)(chi)聽，有(you)錯的地方作了(le)(le)(le)糾(jiu)正。我(wo)(wo)回到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)縣(xian)(xian)上(shang)，將(jiang)這(zhe)首(shou)歌(ge)謠反復琢磨、過細推敲，加以整理，以富(fu)饒(rao)(rao)為(wei)筆名(ming)寄(ji)給“中國(guo)民間(jian)文(wen)(wen)藝(yi)研究會《民間(jian)文(wen)(wen)學》編輯部(bu)。”過了(le)(le)(le)兩年，于1958年11月號的《民間(jian)文(wen)(wen)學》革命(ming)歌(ge)謠欄目中發(fa)表了(le)(le)(le)‘鎮巴歌(ge)謠’《十(shi)送(song)紅(hong)(hong)軍》這(zhe)首(shou)歌(ge)謠。因此(ci)說：“西(xi)鄉街(jie)(jie)是(shi)鎮巴歌(ge)謠《十(shi)送(song)紅(hong)(hong)軍》的發(fa)源地。”隨后，這(zhe)首(shou)歌(ge)謠先(xian)后被收入(ru)《紅(hong)(hong)色歌(ge)謠集》、《中國(guo)歌(ge)謠選》等全國(guo)性出(chu)版物(wu)，署名(ming)皆為(wei)朱(zhu)有(you)熾(chi)(chi)演唱、富(fu)饒(rao)(rao)（符(fu)文(wen)(wen)學筆名(ming)）搜集。

1959年(nian)，劉光朗(lang)（陜(shan)南民(min)歌(ge)(ge)演唱(chang)家）從西安(an)藝(yi)術師范學(xue)校(xiao)音樂專業(ye)班(ban)畢業(ye)回鄉(xiang)教(jiao)書，他(ta)說(shuo)，“不(bu)久(jiu)，符文(wen)學(xue)找到我把發表在《民(min)間文(wen)學(xue)》的《鎮巴歌(ge)(ge)謠十(shi)送紅軍》詞(ci)(ci)交給我，讓我譜(pu)曲，看了(le)歌(ge)(ge)詞(ci)(ci)后，我感覺非常美，當(dang)時心里(li)很感動。很快，我按鎮巴民(min)歌(ge)(ge)的曲調(diao)譜(pu)了(le)曲，并教(jiao)給學(xue)生傳唱(chang)。”

劉光(guang)朗稱：“前些年(nian)（1990年(nian)）曾到鎮巴(ba)簡池、永樂(le)西(xi)鄉街搞采(cai)錄，找(zhao)到了(le)朱(zhu)有(you)熾(chi)的兒子，朱(zhu)的兒子證實(shi)曾見證了(le)符文學找(zhao)他父親收(shou)集這首歌詞(ci)(ci)的過程。當時朱(zhu)有(you)熾(chi)的一位老(lao)鄰(lin)居(ju)朱(zhu)達武(wu)告訴(su)我(wo)，‘那個老(lao)漢(han)（指(zhi)朱(zhu)有(you)熾(chi)）愛唱的很(hen)，經(jing)(jing)常(chang)彈個弦弦唱’，朱(zhu)達武(wu)還為我(wo)學唱了(le)幾句朱(zhu)有(you)熾(chi)經(jing)(jing)常(chang)唱的《十送紅軍》詞(ci)(ci)，用的是(shi)鎮巴(ba)民歌《繡荷包》的曲(qu)調。”

歌曲詞調

鎮巴歌謠《十送紅軍》詞

一送紅軍下南山，秋風細雨纏(chan)綿(mian)綿(mian)，山里野貓哀號叫，樹(shu)樹(shu)梧桐葉(xie)落完，紅軍啊(a)！幾時人馬再(zai)回山。

二送紅軍大道旁，紅漆桌(zhuo)子兩(liang)邊放，桌(zhuo)上擺著送行酒，酒兒里面摻(chan)蜜糖，紅軍啊！思情似海不能忘。

三(san)送紅軍(jun)上大道，鑼兒無聲鼓不敲，雙手垃著(zhu)長繭手，心象黃連臉(lian)在笑，紅軍(jun)啊！萬般憂愁(chou)怎(zen)能消。

四送紅(hong)軍(jun)過高(gao)山，山上包(bao)谷金燦燦，包(bao)谷種子紅(hong)軍(jun)種，包(bao)谷棒子窮人搬。紅(hong)軍(jun)啊！撒(sa)下種子紅(hong)了(le)天。

五(wu)送紅軍上了(le)坡(po)，鴻(hong)雁陣(zhen)陣(zhen)空中過，鴻(hong)雁能(neng)捎書和信，飛到天涯和海角(jiao)，紅軍啊！捎信多把革(ge)命說(shuo)。

六送紅(hong)軍兔(tu)兒(er)崖(ya)，兩只(zhi)兔(tu)子哭哀哀，禽(qin)獸(shou)也(ye)能知(zhi)人性，血肉(rou)感(gan)情拋不開，紅(hong)軍啊！山里紅(hong)花永(yong)不敗(bai)。

七(qi)送紅軍七(qi)里灣，灣灣上下(xia)一片田，田里谷穗頭低下(xia)，田里鯉魚翻田坎，紅軍啊！新(xin)米上市人去遠。

八(ba)送紅軍(jun)八(ba)角山，兩只八(ba)哥吐人(ren)言，紅軍(jun)哥哥莫遠走(zou)，走(zou)了財東要倒算，紅軍(jun)啊(a)！窮人(ren)的苦水吐不完。

九送紅軍到通江(jiang)(jiang)，通江(jiang)(jiang)河上船兒忙，千(qian)軍萬(wan)(wan)馬(ma)河邊站，十萬(wan)(wan)百姓(xing)淚汪汪，紅軍啊！眼望江(jiang)(jiang)水斷肝腸。

十送紅軍轉(zhuan)回來，巴山頂上(shang)搭(da)高臺，高臺十丈白玉(yu)柱(zhu)，雕龍繡鳳放光彩，紅軍啊(a)！這臺名(ming)叫望紅臺。

原詞(ci)中(zhong)涉及的(de)地名“南山、兔兒巖、七(qi)里(li)灣(wan)、八角山、通江(jiang)河、巴(ba)(ba)山”等均屬陜西鎮(zhen)(zhen)巴(ba)(ba)縣(xian)(xian)、四川(chuan)通江(jiang)縣(xian)(xian)地名，全詞(ci)意(yi)境也(ye)正符合當年紅四方面(mian)軍撤離川(chuan)陜蘇(su)區時的(de)時段和情景。所(suo)以，鎮(zhen)(zhen)巴(ba)(ba)才是這首歌謠(yao)真正的(de)母(mu)源地。這首歌謠(yao)最早(zao)在鎮(zhen)(zhen)巴(ba)(ba)境內傳唱，鎮(zhen)(zhen)巴(ba)(ba)也(ye)最先將其(qi)搬(ban)上舞臺(tai)，隨后載入《縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)》，并勒石以記。

正本清源

有證據顯示(shi)，從(cong)1958年發表(biao)(biao)于《民(min)間文(wen)學》中(zhong)(zhong)《鎮巴歌(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)十(shi)送紅(hong)(hong)軍(jun)》詞至上世紀(ji)90年代，這(zhe)首歌(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)先后(hou)被收入《紅(hong)(hong)色(se)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)集》、《中(zhong)(zhong)國歌(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)選》、《川(chuan)陜蘇區(qu)紅(hong)(hong)色(se)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)選》等七八種出(chu)版物中(zhong)(zhong)，所收錄的《十(shi)送紅(hong)(hong)軍(jun)》署名或(huo)為“朱有熾唱(chang)(chang)”，或(huo)為“富(fu)饒(rao)（符文(wen)學筆名）搜集”。1965年3月，《革命歷(li)史歌(ge)(ge)(ge)曲表(biao)(biao)演唱(chang)(chang)》一書將《十(shi)送紅(hong)(hong)軍(jun)》作為江西(xi)(xi)民(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)排列在第四(si)場。從(cong)此(ci)，這(zhe)首歌(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)被人們誤認(ren)為是江西(xi)(xi)民(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)。而江西(xi)(xi)民(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《十(shi)送紅(hong)(hong)軍(jun)》的創作則是在60年代初(chu)。

根據(ju)查(cha)考(kao)的有關《十送紅軍》背景情況(kuang)介(jie)紹，包(bao)括詞曲來源的爭論、當時的歷史情況(kuang)的敘述(shu)，以(yi)下是轉載文述(shu)（不知誰的原創）便足以(yi)說(shuo)明(ming)《十送紅軍》真象的來龍去脈：

“20世紀60年(nian)代(dai)初，根據(ju)空(kong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)司令員(yuan)劉亞樓提出(chu)(chu)(chu)演唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)革(ge)命歷(li)史(shi)(shi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指示，空(kong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)治部(bu)文工(gong)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)決(jue)定(ding)創(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)大(da)(da)型(xing)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)舞(wu)(wu)《革(ge)命歷(li)史(shi)(shi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)表演唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)》，派出(chu)(chu)(chu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)舞(wu)(wu)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)長(chang)(chang)汪(wang)洋(yang)(yang)，詞(ci)作(zuo)(zuo)家張士(shi)燮(xie)，作(zuo)(zuo)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)家朱(zhu)正(zheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)、姚學誠、陳杰，編(bian)舞(wu)(wu)李躍先等(deng)，到江西采風(feng)(feng)，搜(sou)集(ji)戰爭(zheng)(zheng)年(nian)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革(ge)命歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，為歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)舞(wu)(wu)創(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)做準備。來(lai)到井岡山(shan)后(hou)，他(ta)們(men)(men)聽(ting)說茨坪敬老(lao)院(yuan)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些老(lao)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，便懷(huai)著(zhu)崇敬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)情登門(men)拜訪。老(lao)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)李新珠等(deng)人為他(ta)們(men)(men)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)起(qi)(qi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)《工(gong)農兵聯(lian)合起(qi)(qi)來(lai)》：“工(gong)農兵聯(lian)合起(qi)(qi)來(lai)，向前(qian)(qian)進，萬眾一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)心(xin)(xin)……”他(ta)們(men)(men)聽(ting)說井岡山(shan)遠近聞名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)宣傳隊員(yuan)“賴媽(ma)媽(ma)”賴發(fa)秀(xiu)自小愛(ai)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)，是(shi)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)民歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能手后(hou)，專(zhuan)程找到了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)她(ta)，“賴媽(ma)媽(ma)”為他(ta)們(men)(men)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)起(qi)(qi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)《送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)郎(lang)當紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》：“送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)郎(lang)當紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，階(jie)級(ji)要認(ren)清，豪(hao)紳(shen)啊(a)(a)，地主啊(a)(a)，剝削我窮人。送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)郎(lang)當紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，切莫想家庭，家中(zhong)(zhong)啊(a)(a)，事情啊(a)(a)，我郎(lang)莫掛心(xin)(xin)……”此行(xing)，汪(wang)洋(yang)(yang)、張士(shi)燮(xie)等(deng)人走(zou)遍了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)吉安、永新、安福(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)山(shan)水(shui)水(shui)，搜(sou)集(ji)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)大(da)(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰爭(zheng)(zheng)年(nian)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革(ge)命歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。其中(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)少(shao)是(shi)流傳在(zai)井岡山(shan)地區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)版(ban)本(ben)(ben)(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。第二次國內(nei)革(ge)命戰爭(zheng)(zheng)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)，井岡山(shan)根據(ju)地戰事頻繁(fan)。每(mei)當紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)上(shang)(shang)前(qian)(qian)線時(shi)(shi)，全(quan)村男女老(lao)少(shao)都(dou)(dou)在(zai)村口、河(he)邊、山(shan)坡(po)上(shang)(shang)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。有(you)時(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)邊送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)邊唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。所以(yi)，井岡山(shan)有(you)關(guan)(guan)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)特(te)(te)別多。甲地和乙地送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，其內(nei)容、曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)調(diao)、唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)法都(dou)(dou)不(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，富有(you)地方民間(jian)(jian)特(te)(te)色。回到北京后(hou)，張士(shi)燮(xie)負(fu)責劇本(ben)(ben)(ben)創(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)，當他(ta)寫到第四場(chang)(chang)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang)征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)時(shi)(shi)，感(gan)到需(xu)要有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)首(shou)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)來(lai)表達井岡山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人民群眾送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)別紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)時(shi)(shi)那種(zhong)依依惜別、戀戀不(bu)舍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)情，從劇情結構上(shang)(shang)才(cai)能把第三場(chang)(chang)反“圍剿”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戲銜接起(qi)(qi)來(lai)。張士(shi)燮(xie)把自己搜(sou)集(ji)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多首(shou)有(you)關(guan)(guan)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)江西民歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)綜合起(qi)(qi)來(lai)，形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)詞(ci)：“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)（里格(ge)(ge)(ge)）紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)（介(jie)(jie)支(zhi)個）下(xia)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)山(shan)，秋(qiu)風(feng)(feng)（里格(ge)(ge)(ge)）細雨(yu)（介(jie)(jie)支(zhi)個）纏綿(mian)綿(mian)。山(shan)上(shang)(shang)（里格(ge)(ge)(ge)）野鹿(lu)聲(sheng)聲(sheng)哀號(hao)，樹樹（里格(ge)(ge)(ge)）梧桐葉呀葉飄完。問(wen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)聲(sheng)親(qin)(qin)人紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)啊(a)(a)，幾(ji)時(shi)(shi)（里格(ge)(ge)(ge)）人馬（介(jie)(jie)支(zhi)個）再(zai)回山(shan)……”朱(zhu)正(zheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)拿(na)到歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)詞(ci)后(hou)，細讀幾(ji)遍，當即就想起(qi)(qi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)自己在(zai)江西采集(ji)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)贛南采茶戲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)調(diao)。這(zhe)(zhe)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)調(diao)婉轉優美，十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)動聽(ting)。其中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)首(shou)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)別親(qin)(qin)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)調(diao)，如(ru)泣(qi)如(ru)訴，欲言(yan)又止(zhi)，朱(zhu)正(zheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)從中(zhong)(zhong)尋找到了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)音(yin)樂創(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)靈感(gan)。他(ta)又借(jie)鑒(jian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)西洋(yang)(yang)音(yin)樂回旋曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)，在(zai)民間(jian)(jian)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)調(diao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang)(shang)進行(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)重新加工(gong)。盡管一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、三送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、五(wu)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、七(qi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)、送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)又送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)，但層次分(fen)(fen)明，富于(yu)變(bian)化。每(mei)段(duan)最后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)句的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結尾，仿佛是(shi)下(xia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)段(duan)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)頭，如(ru)巨龍盤旋，前(qian)(qian)呼后(hou)應，首(shou)尾相(xiang)銜。從嚴格(ge)(ge)(ge)意義上(shang)(shang)講(jiang)，《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)首(shou)創(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。而1961年(nian)《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》發(fa)表時(shi)(shi)，署名(ming)是(shi)：江西革(ge)命民歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)，朱(zhu)正(zheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)、張士(shi)燮(xie)收集(ji)整(zheng)理。這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)因(yin)為劇本(ben)(ben)(ben)寫出(chu)(chu)(chu)來(lai)后(hou)，劉亞樓明確指出(chu)(chu)(chu)：“我叫(jiao)你們(men)(men)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，現(xian)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革(ge)命歷(li)史(shi)(shi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)可以(yi)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，不(bu)要另寫！”為了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)避開(kai)創(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)痕跡，空(kong)政(zheng)(zheng)文工(gong)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)領導決(jue)定(ding)，將《革(ge)命歷(li)史(shi)(shi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)表演唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)》中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文學、音(yin)樂、舞(wu)(wu)蹈三大(da)(da)創(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)班子(zi)，統統稱作(zuo)(zuo)編(bian)輯。《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)者朱(zhu)正(zheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)、張士(shi)燮(xie)，也就成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)“收集(ji)整(zheng)理”。那時(shi)(shi)候，大(da)(da)家都(dou)(dou)不(bu)太在(zai)意著(zhu)作(zuo)(zuo)權。結果，這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)署名(ming)方式(shi)沿用了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)40多年(nian)，乃至于(yu)許多人都(dou)(dou)誤認(ren)為《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)首(shou)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，甚至于(yu)鬧出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)(chang)笑話，鬧出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)(chang)著(zhu)作(zuo)(zuo)權糾紛。2001年(nian)，在(zai)慶祝(zhu)建黨80周年(nian)前(qian)(qian)夕，中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)電(dian)視臺(tai)(tai)播放了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)電(dian)視劇《長(chang)(chang)征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)》，該劇生動地再(zai)現(xian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)二萬五(wu)千里長(chang)(chang)征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壯(zhuang)麗畫卷(juan)。劇中(zhong)(zhong)多次用嗩吶吹奏(zou)《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》，使得(de)氣(qi)氛(fen)更顯得(de)慷慨(kai)悲壯(zhuang)，有(you)力地烘托了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)劇情。劇中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)段(duan)情節：紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)撤離(li)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)蘇區(qu)(qu)時(shi)(shi)，鄉(xiang)親(qin)(qin)們(men)(men)邊打著(zhu)火把送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，毛澤東叫(jiao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位姑娘(niang)(niang)再(zai)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)首(shou)《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》，這(zhe)(zhe)位姑娘(niang)(niang)便含著(zhu)眼(yan)淚唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)起(qi)(qi)來(lai)……空(kong)政(zheng)(zheng)文工(gong)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)同(tong)志們(men)(men)看到此處，啞然失(shi)笑：“《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》1961年(nian)才(cai)問(wen)世，長(chang)(chang)征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)時(shi)(shi)哪來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》？”看了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)兩集(ji)，老(lao)同(tong)志們(men)(men)發(fa)現(xian)片(pian)(pian)頭片(pian)(pian)尾都(dou)(dou)沒有(you)注明《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詞(ci)、曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)作(zuo)(zuo)者。原空(kong)政(zheng)(zheng)文工(gong)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)總(zong)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)長(chang)(chang)黃(huang)河(he)、副團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)長(chang)(chang)牛暢(chang)、歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)舞(wu)(wu)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)長(chang)(chang)汪(wang)洋(yang)(yang)、《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詞(ci)、曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)作(zuo)(zuo)者張士(shi)燮(xie)、朱(zhu)正(zheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)，紛紛給(gei)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)電(dian)視臺(tai)(tai)和中(zhong)(zhong)國音(yin)樂家協會打電(dian)話，寫證(zheng)明材料，澄清事實，要求(qiu)予(yu)以(yi)更正(zheng)。因(yin)涉(she)及著(zhu)作(zuo)(zuo)權，中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)電(dian)視臺(tai)(tai)不(bu)敢怠慢，很快就弄清了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)情況(kuang)，迅速糾正(zheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)錯誤，并采取了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)補(bu)救措施。當電(dian)視劇《長(chang)(chang)征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)》播放到第15集(ji)時(shi)(shi)，片(pian)(pian)尾加注了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)如(ru)下(xia)字(zi)樣(yang)：主題歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)送(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》，編(bian)詞(ci)：張士(shi)燮(xie)；編(bian)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)：朱(zhu)正(zheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)。”

由上述內容已清楚闡明(ming)，空政歌(ge)(ge)(ge)舞團的(de)張士燮、朱正(zheng)本先生，于(yu)60年(nian)代初(chu)根據搜集到的(de)多首(shou)（包(bao)括已發表過的(de)鎮(zhen)巴十送(song)紅(hong)軍歌(ge)(ge)(ge)詞）有關送(song)紅(hong)軍的(de)江(jiang)西民歌(ge)(ge)(ge)等綜合起來(lai)，形成了《十送(song)紅(hong)軍》的(de)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)詞，并不是原(yuan)創的(de)江(jiang)西民歌(ge)(ge)(ge)詞，朱正(zheng)本先生采(cai)集到的(de)贛南采(cai)茶(cha)戲中一首(shou)送(song)別親人的(de)曲調，在民間曲調的(de)基(ji)礎上進行了重新加工而成。

而于1958年(nian)11月(yue)號的(de)(de)《民間文學》上署名為(wei)朱有(you)熾演唱、富饒搜集發(fa)表的(de)(de)《鎮巴歌謠十(shi)(shi)送紅(hong)軍(jun)》是(shi)1956年(nian)初冬收(shou)集的(de)(de)，是(shi)有(you)證可查的(de)(de)亊實(shi)。所以《十(shi)(shi)送紅(hong)軍(jun)》的(de)(de)詞作(zuo)母源地(di)應該(gai)是(shi)陜(shan)西鎮巴歌謠，而不(bu)是(shi)電視劇《長征》主題歌中《十(shi)(shi)送紅(hong)軍(jun)》編詞：張士燮的(de)(de)江西民歌。 ?