磐(pan)安(an)圍,位于廣東(dong)省(sheng)興(xing)寧市葉塘鎮河西(xi)村麻嶺(ling)頂(ding)東(dong)麓(lu),是“興(xing)寧十(shi)(shi)大(da)古(gu)民居“之(zhi)一。由(you)劉氏(shi)十(shi)(shi)七世吉昌于清(qing)光緒二(er)十(shi)(shi)一年(nian)(1895年(nian))興(xing)建。坐西(xi)向東(dong),為(wei)三堂四橫圍龍(long)屋(wu)布局,總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)闊105.2米(mi),總(zong)進深53.6米(mi),建筑占地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積5060平方米(mi),分布面(mian)(mian)(mian)積約15000平方米(mi)。
以夯土墻和木石構架承重。灰瓦硬山頂。中軸部分為三堂屋四橫屋,橫屋后(hou)面是半月(yue)形(xing)圍龍(long)(long),堂屋(wu)前(qian)是長方(fang)形(xing)禾(he)坪(ping),禾(he)坪(ping)前(qian)有(you)半月(yue)形(xing)池塘。中軸建(jian)筑為(wei)(wei)方(fang)形(xing)廳(ting)(ting)堂,廳(ting)(ting)與廳(ting)(ting)之間(jian)(jian)以天井(jing)相隔,大(da)小天井(jing)共21個。四周建(jian)有(you)角(jiao)樓(lou)。共有(you)房間(jian)(jian)122間(jian)(jian),廳(ting)(ting)堂兩(liang)邊(bian)有(you)南北廳(ting)(ting)、書(shu)齋(zhai)、廂(xiang)房、花廳(ting)(ting)、居(ju)室、浴室、廚房等(deng)。半月(yue)形(xing)的圍屋(wu)連(lian)結橫屋(wu),內為(wei)(wei)花頭(tou)腦,其間(jian)(jian)鑲(xiang)嵌有(you)“五行(xing)風水石”。正對中軸線圍龍(long)(long)頂(ding)端中間(jian)(jian)的房子是龍(long)(long)廳(ting)(ting),是祭神用的神圣之地(di)。所有(you)天井(jing)、臺(tai)階、夯土墻轉角(jiao)處及大(da)部分(fen)門框都用麻(ma)石條塊加固、鋪墊。在(zai)圍龍(long)(long)屋(wu)兩(liang)邊(bian)還建(jian)有(you)碓間(jian)(jian)、牛舍、豬(zhu)欄(lan)間(jian)(jian)、馬(ma)廄、雜物間(jian)(jian)、衛生間(jian)(jian)等(deng),實現了人畜分(fen)居(ju)。圍龍(long)(long)屋(wu)外層設(she)有(you)許多明暗(an)(an)槍眼,在(zai)四角(jiao)樓(lou)最高處還有(you)瞭望孔,其設(she)計是沒有(you)射擊死角(jiao),防御功能較(jiao)齊全(quan)。屋(wu)后(hou)有(you)山泉水,采用暗(an)(an)井(jing)、暗(an)(an)渠直通屋(wu)內,具有(you)隱(yin)蔽性(xing)。生產、生活功能齊全(quan),如儲(chu)備物資充足(zu),可(ke)足(zu)不出戶(hu)在(zai)圍龍(long)(long)屋(wu)內生活一(yi)年。2009年被評為(wei)(wei)興寧市十大(da)古民(min)居(ju)。