生平紀略
于(yu)天(tian)(tian)放(fang)(fang)，原名于(yu)九公，曾用(yong)名于(yu)樹屏、王文(wen)(wen)(wen)禮。1908年(nian)(nian)4月(yue)(yue)生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)黑龍(long)江省呼蘭縣白(bai)奎堡三(san)道(dao)村(cun)，祖籍山東登州。清(qing)(qing)咸(xian)豐十一(yi)年(nian)(nian)（1861年(nian)(nian)）東荒(huang)(huang)開(kai)(kai)禁(jin)，于(yu)家從山東逃荒(huang)(huang)來(lai)東北，經過幾(ji)十年(nian)(nian)辛(xin)勤經營(ying)，在(zai)三(san)道(dao)村(cun)已成(cheng)當(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個大戶。1925年(nian)(nian)上(shang)海發生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)“五卅”慘(can)案。正在(zai)黑龍(long)江省齊(qi)(qi)齊(qi)(qi)哈(ha)爾甲(jia)種工(gong)業學(xue)校(xiao)讀書(shu)的(de)(de)(de)于(yu)天(tian)(tian)放(fang)(fang)和(he)(he)同學(xue)張(zhang)甲(jia)洲(zhou)、魏祖舜找到法(fa)專(zhuan)、農校(xiao)和(he)(he)一(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)串聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)，共(gong)同組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)全市中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)(deng)學(xue)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)上(shang)街游(you)行示威，抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)議(yi)日(ri)(ri)本帝國(guo)主(zhu)義(yi)槍殺中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)工(gong)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)暴行，聲援上(shang)海工(gong)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)反帝斗爭。1928年(nian)(nian)秋，于(yu)天(tian)(tian)放(fang)(fang)以黑龍(long)江考生(sheng)(sheng)第一(yi)名的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)績考入北平(ping)清(qing)(qing)華(hua)大學(xue)第四級(ji)經濟(ji)系。1929年(nian)(nian)他(ta)加(jia)入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)產黨(dang)外圍組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)反帝大同盟。1931年(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)經中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)北平(ping)市委代理書(shu)記(ji)張(zhang)甲(jia)洲(zhou)介(jie)紹加(jia)入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)產黨(dang)并任(ren)(ren)(ren)清(qing)(qing)華(hua)支部書(shu)記(ji)。“九·一(yi)八”事(shi)(shi)變(bian)后(hou)，他(ta)參加(jia)了(le)北平(ping)大學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)南下(xia)向南京國(guo)民(min)政(zheng)府請愿示威的(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)救亡活動。1932年(nian)(nian)春(chun)，他(ta)和(he)(he)張(zhang)甲(jia)洲(zhou)、張(zhang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)藻、張(zhang)清(qing)(qing)林(lin)(lin)、鄭炳文(wen)(wen)(wen)、夏(xia)尚志等(deng)(deng)五名東北籍大學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)踏上(shang)了(le)“打回老家去”的(de)(de)(de)悲壯(zhuang)路程。在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)滿(man)洲(zhou)省委指(zhi)示下(xia)，5月(yue)(yue)16日(ri)(ri)在(zai)巴彥縣七(qi)馬架子(zi)(zi)成(cheng)立(li)了(le)打響中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)武裝抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)第一(yi)槍的(de)(de)(de)“東北民(min)眾抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)義(yi)勇軍江北獨(du)(du)(du)(du)立(li)師(shi)”（黨(dang)史、軍史稱巴彥抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)游(you)擊隊），張(zhang)甲(jia)洲(zhou)任(ren)(ren)(ren)總指(zhi)揮，于(yu)天(tian)(tian)放(fang)(fang)任(ren)(ren)(ren)特派員(yuan)及交通情報(bao)站負責(ze)人(ren)。1933年(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue)于(yu)天(tian)(tian)放(fang)(fang)被滿(man)洲(zhou)省委派遣到齊(qi)(qi)齊(qi)(qi)哈(ha)爾組(zu)(zu)(zu)建(jian)滿(man)洲(zhou)省委龍(long)江特別(bie)支部并任(ren)(ren)(ren)書(shu)記(ji)。1933年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)起，于(yu)天(tian)(tian)放(fang)(fang)到下(xia)江富錦(jin)，和(he)(he)在(zai)當(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)潛伏的(de)(de)(de)張(zhang)甲(jia)洲(zhou)二人(ren)在(zai)富錦(jin)“野火春(chun)風斗古城”，建(jian)立(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)秘密組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)；策反富錦(jin)頭道(dao)林(lin)(lin)子(zi)(zi)警察(cha)署長李景(jing)蔭，帶出87條(tiao)槍投奔抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)獨(du)(du)(du)(du)立(li)師(shi)；為(wei)(wei)松(song)花江下(xia)游(you)各抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)部隊提供軍事(shi)(shi)情報(bao)及物資援助。著(zhu)名的(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)獨(du)(du)(du)(du)立(li)師(shi)七(qi)星砬子(zi)(zi)兵工(gong)廠的(de)(de)(de)技術繪圖(tu)設備，即是張(zhang)、于(yu)通過獨(du)(du)(du)(du)立(li)師(shi)輸(shu)送的(de)(de)(de)。1937年(nian)(nian)“七(qi)·七(qi)”事(shi)(shi)變(bian)，全國(guo)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)戰開(kai)(kai)始。8月(yue)(yue)28日(ri)(ri)，張(zhang)、于(yu)二人(ren)轉(zhuan)入東北抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)獨(du)(du)(du)(du)立(li)師(shi)（11月(yue)(yue)改編為(wei)(wei)東北抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)十一(yi)軍），途中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)張(zhang)甲(jia)洲(zhou)不(bu)幸(xing)犧牲。于(yu)天(tian)(tian)放(fang)(fang)隨即任(ren)(ren)(ren)獨(du)(du)(du)(du)立(li)師(shi)隨軍學(xue)校(xiao)教育(yu)長、十一(yi)軍（轄一(yi)個師(shi)）一(yi)師(shi)政(zheng)治部主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。1938年(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)，于(yu)天(tian)(tian)放(fang)(fang)隨李兆(zhao)麟將(jiang)軍指(zhi)揮的(de)(de)(de)由(you)東北抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)六(liu)軍教導(dao)隊與十一(yi)軍一(yi)師(shi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)第三(san)批西(xi)征(zheng)部隊，從綏(sui)濱薄鴨(ya)河遠(yuan)征(zheng)至海倫(lun)八道(dao)林(lin)(lin)子(zi)(zi)。西(xi)征(zheng)部隊歷盡險阻(zu)，轉(zhuan)戰千里，減(jian)員(yuan)幾(ji)近三(san)分之一(yi)，終于(yu)達(da)到預期目的(de)(de)(de)，保(bao)存(cun)了(le)北滿(man)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)(kang)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)力(li)部隊和(he)(he)骨干力(li)量，為(wei)(wei)后(hou)來(lai)在(zai)廣闊(kuo)的(de)(de)(de)黑嫩平(ping)原依托(tuo)大興(xing)安嶺開(kai)(kai)展平(ping)原游(you)擊戰奠定了(le)基礎(chu)。
英雄事跡
1939年(nian)1月，于(yu)(yu)天(tian)放(fang)(fang)任西征后(hou)成立(li)的(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)抗(kang)(kang)聯(lian)“西北(bei)(bei)(bei)臨時(shi)(shi)指揮部(bu)”第(di)三(san)(san)支(zhi)(zhi)隊(dui)政(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)。5月東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)抗(kang)(kang)聯(lian)第(di)三(san)(san)路軍(jun)（下轄(xia)三(san)(san)、六(liu)(liu)、九、十(shi)二支(zhi)(zhi)隊(dui)）編成后(hou)，李兆麟任總(zong)指揮，馮仲云任政(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)，于(yu)(yu)天(tian)放(fang)(fang)任第(di)六(liu)(liu)支(zhi)(zhi)隊(dui)政(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)。他(ta)和(he)王明貴(gui)，張(zhang)光迪支(zhi)(zhi)隊(dui)長率(lv)(lv)領部(bu)隊(dui)“于(yu)(yu)每年(nian)青(qing)紗帳起(qi)時(shi)(shi)，深入(ru)龍江廣坦，開展游擊(ji)戰爭(zheng)。他(ta)們經常活(huo)(huo)動于(yu)(yu)海倫、北(bei)(bei)(bei)安(an)、綏化、拜(bai)泉(quan)、青(qing)岡、蘭西各縣(xian)，不(bu)(bu)辭雨雪風霜(shuang)，不(bu)(bu)怕槍林(lin)彈雨，始終堅(jian)持著(zhu)這個(ge)為(wei)解放(fang)(fang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)人(ren)(ren)民的(de)(de)偉大(da)斗(dou)爭(zheng)”。1941年(nian)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)抗(kang)(kang)日游擊(ji)戰爭(zheng)進(jin)入(ru)最艱苦的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)期。到(dao)日本偷襲珍珠港前，日本關東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軍(jun)的(de)(de)總(zong)兵力已達31個(ge)師團，人(ren)(ren)數近85萬，號稱百(bai)萬。根據1940年(nian)3月東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)抗(kang)(kang)聯(lian)領導(dao)人(ren)(ren)與聯(lian)共及(ji)遠東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)國(guo)際代表達成的(de)(de)《指示提綱》，東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)抗(kang)(kang)聯(lian)一、二、三(san)(san)路軍(jun)逐步轉入(ru)蘇聯(lian)遠東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)A、B野營(ying)地域，后(hou)組成東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)抗(kang)(kang)日聯(lian)軍(jun)教(jiao)導(dao)旅(lv)。1941年(nian)12月，于(yu)(yu)天(tian)放(fang)(fang)率(lv)(lv)三(san)(san)路軍(jun)六(liu)(liu)、九、十(shi)二支(zhi)(zhi)隊(dui)主力100余人(ren)(ren)至A野營(ying)整(zheng)(zheng)訓。1942年(nian)2月12日抗(kang)(kang)日民族(zu)英雄趙尚志在梧(wu)桐河呂家菜(cai)園子中(zhong)敵埋伏(fu)壯(zhuang)烈(lie)殉(xun)國(guo)。2月19日，周保中(zhong)、李兆麟任命(ming)于(yu)(yu)天(tian)放(fang)(fang)為(wei)三(san)(san)路軍(jun)軍(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)特派員返回東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)接替中(zhong)共北(bei)(bei)(bei)滿省(sheng)委(wei)書記、三(san)(san)路軍(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)金策的(de)(de)工作。1944年(nian)1月，金策率(lv)(lv)張(zhang)瑞(rui)麟小(xiao)部(bu)隊(dui)經二個(ge)月的(de)(de)長途(tu)跋涉到(dao)達A野營(ying)后(hou)，此時(shi)(shi)整(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)戰場上只有于(yu)(yu)天(tian)放(fang)(fang)領導(dao)的(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)抗(kang)(kang)聯(lian)三(san)(san)路軍(jun)留(liu)守部(bu)隊(dui)孤(gu)懸敵后(hou)，在同(tong)日偽(wei)軍(jun)進(jin)行著(zhu)你死我(wo)(wo)(wo)活(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)戰斗(dou)。教(jiao)導(dao)旅(lv)命(ming)張(zhang)瑞(rui)麟立(li)即組織六(liu)(liu)人(ren)(ren)小(xiao)分隊(dui)于(yu)(yu)3月底回東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)尋找于(yu)(yu)天(tian)放(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)留(liu)守部(bu)隊(dui)，但因聯(lian)絡失控未果，于(yu)(yu)8月折返蘇聯(lian)。于(yu)(yu)天(tian)放(fang)(fang)在《牢門脫險記》一書中(zhong)寫道：“東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)是我(wo)(wo)(wo)的(de)(de)家鄉故(gu)土，我(wo)(wo)(wo)愛祖國(guo)、我(wo)(wo)(wo)愛東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)、我(wo)(wo)(wo)愛家鄉、我(wo)(wo)(wo)也(ye)愛樹海無邊的(de)(de)興安(an)嶺，不(bu)(bu)管敵人(ren)(ren)怎(zen)樣兇惡殘(can)暴，抗(kang)(kang)日斗(dou)爭(zheng)的(de)(de)怒火是不(bu)(bu)能被壓下去的(de)(de)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)決心埋尸故(gu)土，也(ye)不(bu)(bu)離(li)開東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)一步！”
1944年(nian)(nian)12月(yue)19日(ri)(ri)因壞(huai)人告密(mi)(mi)，于(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)放(fang)及部下孫國棟、杜希剛(gang)、于(yu)蘭閣（龍光濤）、劉文(wen)祥、王明德在(zai)(zai)綏棱(leng)縣上集鎮宋萬(wan)金(jin)屯（今天(tian)(tian)(tian)放(fang)村）、綏化九(jiu)井子、長山小五部被(bei)日(ri)(ri)寇逮捕。于(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)放(fang)先后(hou)(hou)被(bei)關押在(zai)(zai)慶安警務科“留置場”和北安省警務廳特務分室秘(mi)密(mi)(mi)監獄。面對(dui)日(ri)(ri)寇兇殘的(de)(de)“威迫利誘逼(bi)降(jiang)策”，于(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)放(fang)以其豐富的(de)(de)對(dui)敵斗爭(zheng)(zheng)經驗，大(da)智大(da)勇(yong)、堅貞不屈(qu)與日(ri)(ri)冠(guan)進(jin)行了(le)殊死的(de)(de)較量。終于(yu)1945年(nian)(nian)7月(yue)12日(ri)(ri)同另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名抗(kang)聯戰士(shi)趙忠(zhong)良打(da)死日(ri)(ri)本看守特務石(shi)丸兼政(zheng)成(cheng)功越獄，并在(zai)(zai)人民(min)群眾掩護下脫險。“滿(man)(man)洲國”報(bao)紙驚呼(hu)：“于(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)放(fang)逃跑，滿(man)(man)洲國失去(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)半”。日(ri)(ri)寇出百萬(wan)元懸賞(shang)，還組織了(le)瘋狂的(de)(de)大(da)追(zhui)捕，逼(bi)迫數十(shi)萬(wan)中(zhong)國老百姓(xing)“拉大(da)網(wang)”搜尋(xun)。這是日(ri)(ri)寇在(zai)(zai)“八·一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五”前夕對(dui)東北抗(kang)聯最大(da)規模的(de)(de)軍(jun)事(shi)政(zheng)治(zhi)行動。對(dui)于(yu)同日(ri)(ri)寇面對(dui)面的(de)(de)斗爭(zheng)(zheng)，于(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)放(fang)早有思想和心理上的(de)(de)準(zhun)備(bei)，1940年(nian)(nian)2月(yue)，在(zai)(zai)給(gei)三路軍(jun)總指揮部的(de)(de)信中(zhong)，于(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)放(fang)寫道：“天(tian)(tian)(tian)放(fang)是革(ge)命者(zhe)，我(wo)已犧牲了(le)自己的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切，為了(le)爭(zheng)(zheng)取民(min)族解(jie)放(fang)的(de)(de)最后(hou)(hou)勝(sheng)利，為了(le)中(zhong)華(hua)祖國獨立(li)、自由而(er)流(liu)盡最后(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)滴血，任何困難是能夠克服的(de)(de)……”
巧笑倩兮 
