南泉山位于黎平縣城南1.5公里,海拔853米。面積43.4公頃,是黔、桂、湘交界地帶的佛教勝地,自古以來香火不斷,游人絡繹不絕。南泉山(shan),山(shan)上古木參天,樹種繁(fan)多。自然景觀豐富,主要有八景,詩(shi)人把八景巧妙的寫在每句詩(shi)的前(qian)頭四字:古松(song)怒立接(jie)天齊(qi),曲徑盤旋手卓藜,雙井(jing)靄霧山(shan)色(se)好,一龍吐水梵音低(di)。林嵐倦雨光含(han)鈾,苑桂飄風(feng)香滿堤(di)。樓擱空(kong)中千里目(mu),夕(xi)陽(yang)倒影射窗西。
南泉山寺:始建(jian)于明朝初年(nian),后毀于兵(bing)亂,明萬歷(li)34年(nian)(1606年(nian)),黎靖參將李思忠倡(chang)捐重(zhong)建(jian),清嘉慶元年(nian)(1796年(nian))重(zhong)修。
南泉山(shan)(shan)自(zi)山(shan)(shan)腳至(zhi)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)建有三殿(dian)(dian):第(di)一層(ceng)為(wei)(wei)大佛殿(dian)(dian),第(di)二(er)層(ceng)原為(wei)(wei)靈宮殿(dian)(dian),第(di)三層(ceng)是寶頂(ding)庵正殿(dian)(dian)。今(jin)山(shan)(shan)中僅存大佛殿(dian)(dian)一寺。
龍(long)(long)井(jing)(jing)(jing)泉(quan)(quan):距大(da)佛殿不遠處(chu)有南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)亭,南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)亭旁(pang)有井(jing)(jing)(jing)泉(quan)(quan),鑿石為龍(long)(long),水(shui)從龍(long)(long)口涌出,注入井(jing)(jing)(jing)內,其(qi)水(shui)夏涼(liang)而冬溫,飲(yin)之清(qing)心爽口,南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)山因其(qi)井(jing)(jing)(jing)水(shui)而得名。據說(shuo)喝此水(shui)能(neng)消災驅邪,帶來(lai)吉祥。
天(tian)香(xiang)書(shu)院(yuan):始(shi)于(yu)明代,內原有國(guo)父孫(sun)中山親撰楹聯,惜1966年“文(wen)化(hua)大(da)革(ge)命(ming)”“破四舊(jiu)”慘(can)遭(zao)浩劫,殿內佛像、匾額、楹聯、書(shu)畫一掃而空(kong)。“文(wen)革(ge)”后政府多(duo)次維(wei)修,加(jia)以(yi)保護。
現在(zai)山中還新建(jian)(jian)了烈(lie)士紀(ji)念陵(ling)園(占地60畝(mu),有(you)紀(ji)念塔(ta),紅軍、解放軍墓、展覽室(shi)等建(jian)(jian)筑)和侗族鼓(gu)樓,成為休閑旅(lv)游及(ji)佛教勝地。
相關(guan)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo):歷(li)代名家政(zheng)客對(dui)南泉山都留下墨(mo)跡和(he)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)故(gu)事。
相傳,中湘王何騰(teng)蛟(jiao)曾攻讀于天香(xiang)書(shu)院。他一(yi)心(xin)攻讀,從不下(xia)山(shan),五月端(duan)午家人送粽(zong)粑給他吃,旁邊擺了一(yi)碟糖,他邊吃邊看(kan)書(shu),竟把粽(zong)粑蘸入墨硯之中,弄得(de)滿臉墨黑,流下(xia)千古佳(jia)話。
山中的南(nan)泉山寺(si)是(shi)具有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)清(qing)兩(liang)代(dai)風格(ge)的建筑群,既有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)代(dai)的端莊持重(zhong),又不失清(qing)代(dai)的玲(ling)瓏(long)秀麗。寺(si)有(you)(you)(you)3殿(dian)(dian),依(yi)山取(qu)勢,建于山腰,層(ceng)(ceng)層(ceng)(ceng)而上(shang)。第(di)一層(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)(wei)大佛(fo)殿(dian)(dian),第(di)二(er)層(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)(wei)靈宮殿(dian)(dian),第(di)三層(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)(wei)寶(bao)頂庵正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)。南(nan)泉山寺(si)寶(bao)頂庵正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)有(you)(you)(you)天(tian)香閣,是(shi)南(nan)明(ming)(ming)兵(bing)部(bu)尚書(shu)何(he)(he)騰(teng)蛟幼年攻(gong)書(shu)之所(suo)。何(he)(he)騰(teng)蛟在天(tian)香閣勤奮攻(gong)書(shu),立志(zhi)報國,他讀書(shu)時“蘸(zhan)墨吃棕”等故事至今廣為(wei)(wei)流(liu)傳。
黎(li)平革命(ming)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)陵(ling)(ling)園(yuan)亦搬遷(qian)到此山,黎(li)平革命(ming)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)陵(ling)(ling)園(yuan)被國(guo)務院授予“重點(dian)紀(ji)念建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物保(bao)(bao)護單(dan)位”,并在2009年國(guo)家(jia)計劃實施的全(quan)國(guo)重點(dian)革命(ming)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)紀(ji)念設施保(bao)(bao)護改造工程中,列入(ru)了中央投(tou)資備選項目范(fan)圍(wei)。該(gai)革命(ming)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)陵(ling)(ling)園(yuan)入(ru)圍(wei)第五(wu)批全(quan)國(guo)重點(dian)烈(lie)(lie)(lie)士(shi)紀(ji)念建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物保(bao)(bao)護單(dan)位,是貴(gui)州省(sheng)僅有的3處之一。
據《黔南(nan)識略》、《貴州通志》、《黎平(ping)府記》記載何(he)顯示的(de)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)景物:“南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)疊嶂叢林,明建三寺于山(shan)(shan)(shan),游人(ren)絡繹不(bu)絕(jue),為最名勝。山(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)(you)(you)八景:古(gu)松若虬、曲徑盤(pan)空(kong)、石(shi)龍(long)吐(tu)水、雙井(jing)靄霧、桂(gui)苑秋(qiu)香(xiang)、空(kong)中樓閣、孤頂浮(fu)嵐、夕陽返照。南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大(da)殿(dian)左側,酷暑飲之極(ji)清(qing)(qing)涼,故名南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。”明洪武年(nian)間建三寺,計有(you)(you)(you)大(da)佛殿(dian)、靈宮殿(dian)、寶頂庵正殿(dian)、四(si)楹樓閣、蛟亭(ting)、南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)亭(ting)等建筑(zhu)物,依山(shan)(shan)(shan)就勢,建于半山(shan)(shan)(shan)腰,層(ceng)層(ceng)疊上,既有(you)(you)(you)明代之端莊持重,亦不(bu)失(shi)清(qing)(qing)代之玲瓏(long)秀麗。寺殿(dian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)門(men)呈八字形,上有(you)(you)(you)一橫(heng)匾書“雅若祗園”,大(da)門(men)兩旁有(you)(you)(you)一副對聯“馬足車塵世路不(bu)知何(he)處(chu)盡,山(shan)(shan)(shan)花(hua)澗月禪心(xin)應自此中生。”整個建筑(zhu)蔚為壯觀(guan)。南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)省級重點文物保護單位,省級風景名勝區。 南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)主(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)道(dao),鵝卵石(shi)鋪就,透逸而上,共有(you)(you)(you)九彎(wan)十八拐。山(shan)(shan)(shan)腰行道(dao)旁有(you)(you)(you)“點蛟亭(ting)”、“南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)福地(di)”,寺左腋(ye)有(you)(you)(you)八角亭(ting)。亭(ting)外有(you)(you)(you)四(si)方水池 3 眼,一供(gong)飲用,二(er)備盟洗,泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水由石(shi)龍(long)嘴里涌出(chu),泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水清(qing)(qing)澈,四(si)季(ji)長流(liu)。