祁(qi)連(lian)山國(guo)(guo)家公園地(di)處(chu)青(qing)藏(zang)、蒙新(xin)、黃(huang)土三大(da)高原(yuan)交(jiao)匯地(di)帶的祁(qi)連(lian)山北麓,是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)重(zhong)要的生(sheng)態功(gong)能區(qu)、西北地(di)區(qu)重(zhong)要生(sheng)態安全(quan)屏(ping)障和水源涵養地(di)。祁(qi)連(lian)山國(guo)(guo)家公園是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)首批設立的10個國(guo)(guo)家公園體制試點之一,總面積5.02萬(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公里中(zhong),甘肅片(pian)區(qu)3.44萬(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公里,青(qing)海(hai)片(pian)區(qu)1.58萬(wan)平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公里,森林、草原(yuan)、荒漠、濕地(di)均有(you)分(fen)布(bu)。
祁連(lian)山(shan)國家(jia)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)地處甘肅和青海兩省(sheng)交(jiao)界,面(mian)積(ji)達到5.02萬(wan)平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里。其中,甘肅片區(qu)總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)3.44萬(wan)平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里,占國家(jia)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)的68.5%。青海片區(qu)總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)1.58萬(wan)平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)里,占國家(jia)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)的31.5%。
按行政區劃(hua)劃(hua)分,甘(gan)肅(su)(su)省(sheng)涉及肅(su)(su)北(bei)蒙古(gu)族自(zi)治(zhi)縣、阿克(ke)(ke)(ke)塞哈薩(sa)克(ke)(ke)(ke)族自(zi)治(zhi)縣、肅(su)(su)南裕固族自(zi)治(zhi)縣、民樂(le)縣、永(yong)昌縣、天(tian)祝藏(zang)族自(zi)治(zhi)縣、涼(liang)州(zhou)(zhou)區和7縣(區),(另有資(zi)料載:涉及酒泉、張掖、武威、金(jin)昌、蘭州(zhou)(zhou)5市的阿克(ke)(ke)(ke)塞、肅(su)(su)北(bei)、肅(su)(su)南、民樂(le)、甘(gan)州(zhou)(zhou)、山(shan)丹、永(yong)昌、涼(liang)州(zhou)(zhou)、古(gu)浪、天(tian)祝、永(yong)登11個(ge)縣(區)及山(shan)丹馬(ma)場。 )包(bao)括(kuo)祁連山(shan)國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區和鹽(yan)池灣國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區、天(tian)祝三峽國家(jia)(jia)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)園、馬(ma)蹄寺省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)園、冰溝河省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)園等(deng)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)地和中農(nong)發山(shan)丹馬(ma)場、甘(gan)肅(su)(su)農(nong)墾集團。
范圍包括海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)北(bei)藏(zang)族自治州門(men)(men)源縣(xian)、祁(qi)連(lian)縣(xian),海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)西(xi)州天(tian)(tian)峻縣(xian)、德令哈市,共有(you)17個(ge)(ge)鄉鎮60個(ge)(ge)村4.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人。(另(ling)有(you)資(zi)料載:青海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)省涉及海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)北(bei)、海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)西(xi)、海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)東、西(xi)寧(州、地(di)、市)的大(da)通、民和(he)、樂都(dou)、互(hu)助、門(men)(men)源、祁(qi)連(lian)、剛(gang)察、德令哈、大(da)柴旦、天(tian)(tian)駿10個(ge)(ge)縣(xian),面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)約16.4萬(wan)(wan)(wan)平方公(gong)里。 )祁(qi)連(lian)山國家公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)青海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)省境內包括1個(ge)(ge)省級自然保護區(qu)(qu)、1個(ge)(ge)國家級森(sen)林(lin)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)、1個(ge)(ge)國家級濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan),其中祁(qi)連(lian)山省級自然保護區(qu)(qu)核心(xin)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)36.55萬(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)頃(qing),緩沖區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)17.51 萬(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)頃(qing),實驗區(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji) 26.17 萬(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)頃(qing)。仙(xian)米國家森(sen)林(lin)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)19.98萬(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)頃(qing),黑河源國家濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji) 6.43萬(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)頃(qing)。
祁連山(shan)地跨甘肅(su)、青海兩省(sheng),是(shi)我(wo)國西部重(zhong)要的(de)生態安(an)全屏(ping)障、黃河(he)流域(yu)重(zhong)要水(shui)源產流地和我(wo)國生物多樣性保護(hu)優先區域(yu)。祁連山(shan)區過去分布(bu)著多個(ge)不同層級(ji)的(de)保護(hu)區,同一(yi)生態系統長期執行不同的(de)保護(hu)標準(zhun)。
2017年01月08日,甘肅“兩會”期間,甘肅政協(xie)委員、中國經濟地理(li)專業委員會副主任石培基建議(yi),將祁(qi)連山國家級自然(ran)保護區及周邊的自然(ran)保護區進行資(zi)源整合(he),申(shen)報(bao)成(cheng)為國家公(gong)園。
2017年9月(yue),中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央辦(ban)公(gong)廳國(guo)(guo)務院辦(ban)公(gong)廳印(yin)發了《祁連(lian)山(shan)國(guo)(guo)家公(gong)園體制試點(dian)方案》,確(que)定祁連(lian)山(shan)國(guo)(guo)家公(gong)園總面積(ji)5.02萬平方公(gong)里(li)。
2018年10月(yue)29日,祁連(lian)山(shan)國家公園管理局(ju)在甘肅省蘭州市(shi)揭牌,西(xi)部生態(tai)安全的重要屏障(zhang)祁連(lian)山(shan)至此實(shi)現生態(tai)跨(kua)區域統(tong)一(yi)保護管理。作為我國設(she)立的10個(ge)國家公園體制試點之一(yi)。
祁連(lian)山國家公園(yuan)保護對(dui)象涵蓋森林、草原、冰川、荒漠等(deng)生態系統。
公園內生態系統獨特(te),自然景(jing)觀(guan)多(duo)樣,平均海拔4000-5000米。
祁連山(shan)(shan)是(shi)中國(guo)32個生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣性(xing)保(bao)護(hu)優先區之一、世界(jie)高寒種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源庫和野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)遷徙的(de)(de)重要廊道,是(shi)野牦(mao)牛、藏野驢、白唇(chun)鹿(lu)、巖羊(yang)、冬蟲(chong)夏草(cao)、雪蓮(lian)等(deng)(deng)珍稀瀕危(wei)野生(sheng)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)棲(qi)息地及(ji)分(fen)布(bu)區,特(te)別是(shi)中亞山(shan)(shan)地生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣性(xing)旗(qi)艦物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)——雪豹的(de)(de)良好棲(qi)息地,有野生(sheng)脊椎(zhui)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)28目(mu)63科(ke)(ke)294種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中獸類69種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、鳥類206種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、兩棲(qi)爬行類13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、魚類6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),國(guo)家Ⅰ類保(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)雪豹、白唇(chun)鹿(lu)、馬(ma)(ma)麝、黑頸鶴、金雕、白肩(jian)雕、玉帶海雕等(deng)(deng)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),國(guo)家Ⅱ級保(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)棕熊、猞猁、馬(ma)(ma)鹿(lu)、巖羊(yang)、盤(pan)羊(yang)、獵隼(sun)、淡腹雪雞、藍馬(ma)(ma)雞等(deng)(deng)39種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);高等(deng)(deng)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)95科(ke)(ke)451屬1311種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);屬于國(guo)家Ⅱ級保(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有星葉草(cao)、野大豆(dou)、山(shan)(shan)莨菪等(deng)(deng)32種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。列入《瀕危(wei)野生(sheng)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際貿(mao)易公約》的(de)(de)蘭科(ke)(ke)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)16種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
根據第二次冰(bing)川編目,祁連山(shan)共有冰(bing)川2683條,面積1597.81平方公(gong)里(7.17萬(wan)公(gong)頃),冰(bing)儲量(liang)844.8±31.3億立(li)(li)方米(mi)(875億立(li)(li)方米(mi) )。多(duo)年(nian)平均冰(bing)川融水(shui)量(liang)為(wei)9.9億立(li)(li)方米(mi),是青(qing)藏高原北部的“固體水(shui)庫”,年(nian)出山(shan)徑流量(liang)約為(wei)72.64億立(li)(li)方米(mi),灌溉了河西(xi)(xi)走廊和(he)內蒙古額濟(ji)(ji)納旗7萬(wan)多(duo)公(gong)頃農田(tian),滋(zi)潤了120萬(wan)公(gong)頃林地(di)和(he)620萬(wan)公(gong)頃草(cao)地(di),提供(gong)了700多(duo)萬(wan)頭牲畜(chu)和(he)600多(duo)萬(wan)人民的生產(chan)生活(huo)用水(shui),是河西(xi)(xi)走廊乃至西(xi)(xi)部地(di)區(qu)生存(cun)與發展的命脈,也是“一帶一路”重(zhong)要(yao)的經濟(ji)(ji)通道和(he)戰(zhan)略走廊,承載著聯通東西(xi)(xi)、維護(hu)民族(zu)團結的重(zhong)大戰(zhan)略任務。
公園范圍內(nei),河(he)流(liu)密布,主要(yao)有(you)黑(hei)河(he)、八寶河(he)、托勒(le)河(he)、疏(shu)勒(le)河(he)、黨河(he)、石羊河(he)、大通河(he)7條河(he)流(liu),流(liu)域地(di)表水資源總量為60.2億立方米(mi)。
公(gong)(gong)(gong)園內(nei)濕地(di)總面積39.98萬公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃。草地(di)和森(sen)林(lin)廣袤(mao),草原面積達100.72萬公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,林(lin)地(di)15.24萬公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃。野(ye)生高等植(zhi)物68科257屬617種。