SRM M1216是(shi)一(yi)枝由美國薩姆公司設計和生產(chan)的(de)戰斗霰(xian)(xian)(xian)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)槍(qiang),發射(she)12號口(kou)徑霰(xian)(xian)(xian)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)。M1216霰(xian)(xian)(xian)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)最大(da)的(de)亮點是(shi)采用可拆卸的(de)旋(xuan)轉彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)供彈(dan)(dan)(dan),彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)內部是(shi)4個獨立(li)的(de)管狀彈(dan)(dan)(dan)倉(cang)每個彈(dan)(dan)(dan)倉(cang)的(de)容(rong)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)量為(wei)4發,所(suo)以總容(rong)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)量高(gao)達16發,大(da)大(da)超越了傳(chuan)統的(de)唧筒(tong)式霰(xian)(xian)(xian)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)。不僅如(ru)此該(gai)該(gai)霰(xian)(xian)(xian)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)的(de)其(qi)他(ta)特點亦值得(de)品鑒。
SRM M1216采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了傳統型滾(gun)(gun)輪延(yan)(yan)遲反(fan)沖(chong)式操作原理,與著名(ming)的(de)HK G3系列自動(dong)步槍(qiang)(qiang)的(de)結(jie)構相(xiang)(xiang)彷,這對(dui)于霰(xian)彈槍(qiang)(qiang)而是(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)當不尋常的(de)。它采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了由兩個部分(fen)組成(cheng)并在(zai)它的(de)槍(qiang)(qiang)機頭上(shang)兩個滾(gun)(gun)輪所(suo)組成(cheng)的(de)槍(qiang)(qiang)機,用(yong)(yong)以(yi)進(jin)入槍(qiang)(qiang)管延(yan)(yan)伸部內的(de)凹槽的(de)延(yan)(yan)遲反(fan)沖(chong)作用(yong)(yong)系統。這種設計主要優點是(shi)比(bi)氣動(dong)式槍(qiang)(qiang)機和后座作用(yong)(yong)的(de)設計簡單(dan)可以(yi)有效承受(shou)12號口徑霰(xian)彈對(dui)槍(qiang)(qiang)機的(de)后座力使(shi)用(yong)(yong)滾(gun)(gun)輪延(yan)(yan)遲反(fan)沖(chong)時槍(qiang)(qiang)管是(shi)固定的(de),這樣(yang)也使(shi)準確度(du)提高。
SRM M1216的(de)鋼制機(ji)匣頂部帶有一段延伸至(zhi)護木頂部的(de)MIL-STD-1913戰術(shu)導軌。拉機(ji)柄、拋殼口(kou)可以左(zuo)右更換(huan)使用(yong)者(zhe)可根(gen)據(ju)自己(ji)習慣(guan)進行設置。
SRM M1216的膛(tang)室能夠(gou)兼容(rong)2/4 和3 英吋麥格農兩種12號口徑霰(xian)彈(dan)。槍管前部設(she)有(you)旋轉彈(dan)筒固定架(jia),該(gai)固定架(jia)上方(fang)設(she)有(you)一段MIL-STD-1913戰術導(dao)軌,該(gai)導(dao)軌長度足以(yi)安裝準星(xing)。
鋁合金制MIL-STD-1913戰(zhan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)軌(gui)護(hu)木使用螺釘固定在機匣上(shang)護(hu)木上(shang)方(與機匣頂部的(de)戰(zhan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)軌(gui)連成一體)以及左右兩側均設有戰(zhan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)軌(gui),由于護(hu)木下(xia)方為(wei)旋轉彈筒,因而(er)未設有戰(zhan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)軌(gui)。而(er)在戰(zhan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)軌(gui)之間(jian)設有一排散熱孔以加快降(jiang)溫戰(zhan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)軌(gui)上(shang)可以安裝戰(zhan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)燈(deng)、激(ji)光(guang)瞄(miao)準器等(deng)戰(zhan)術(shu)(shu)(shu)配件。
SRM M1216的最(zui)具特(te)色之(zhi)處(chu)就(jiu)是其(qi)可拆卸(xie)式(shi)(shi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)上總共具有4 個(ge)管式(shi)(shi)彈(dan)(dan)倉(cang)(cang),每個(ge)管式(shi)(shi)彈(dan)(dan)倉(cang)(cang)內部可以裝(zhuang)(zhuang)填4 發2/4 和3 英吋麥格農兩種12號口徑(jing)霰彈(dan)(dan)。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在槍管下方,旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)固定架(jia)前(qian)方設有彈(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)解(jie)脫按鈕(niu)(niu)需(xu)要取下彈(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)時用手(shou)指(zhi)按壓解(jie)脫按鈕(niu)(niu)即可旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)固定架(jia)后方左右(you)兩側(ce)均設有彈(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)手(shou)柄,按壓左側(ce)或(huo)右(you)側(ce)的旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)手(shou)柄,可使旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)向左側(ce)或(huo)右(you)側(ce)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)90°,當(dang)其(qi)中一(yi)個(ge)管式(shi)(shi)彈(dan)(dan)倉(cang)(cang)對正膛室的時候(hou),即可實現供彈(dan)(dan)。
槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)托組(zu)件當中(zhong)包括槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)托本體、手(shou)(shou)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)握(wo)把(ba)及扳機(ji)護圈。槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)托內(nei)部(bu)裝有復進(jin)簧和復進(jin)簧導桿。手(shou)(shou)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)握(wo)把(ba)前方(fang)設(she)有手(shou)(shou)指(zhi)(zhi)凹(ao)槽以便握(wo)持,射擊時也比較穩定(ding)和準確。扳機(ji)護圈上設(she)有手(shou)(shou)動保(bao)險(xian)(xian),保(bao)險(xian)(xian)柄(bing)(bing)指(zhi)(zhi)向白色的(de)“S”標(biao)記為(wei)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態保(bao)險(xian)(xian)柄(bing)(bing)指(zhi)(zhi)向紅色的(de)“F”標(biao)記為(wei)則(ze)解(jie)除保(bao)險(xian)(xian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態,此時可以進(jin)行射擊。手(shou)(shou)動保(bao)險(xian)(xian)上方(fang)為(wei)空槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)掛機(ji)解(jie)脫桿。當對應的(de)一個管式彈(dan)(dan)(dan)倉內(nei)部(bu)的(de)霰彈(dan)(dan)(dan)射盡以后,槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)機(ji)便呈空槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)掛機(ji)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態,按壓旋(xuan)轉彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)固定(ding)架(jia)后方(fang)左右(you)兩側的(de)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)旋(xuan)轉手(shou)(shou)柄(bing)(bing)使旋(xuan)轉彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)內(nei)的(de)另一個管式彈(dan)(dan)(dan)倉對正膛室,空槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)掛機(ji)會自動解(jie)脫;若一個旋(xuan)轉彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)的(de)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)藥(yao)全部(bu)射盡,則(ze)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)機(ji)一直呈空槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)掛機(ji)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態直到重(zhong)新換上裝有彈(dan)(dan)(dan)藥(yao)的(de)旋(xuan)轉彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong),并且按壓空槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)掛機(ji)解(jie)脫桿,便可繼續使用這(zhe)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)進(jin)行射擊。
滾輪延遲反沖式
SRM M1216的機(ji)匣尾部裝有一(yi)個固(gu)定銷,用工具把(ba)固(gu)定銷取(qu)(qu)下即可卸下機(ji)匣。從機(ji)匣內部取(qu)(qu)出槍機(ji)組(zu)件,從槍托里取(qu)(qu)出復進(jin)(jin)簧(huang)和復進(jin)(jin)簧(huang)導桿,進(jin)(jin)行清潔(jie)保(bao)養,方便不完全分解(jie)和維(wei)護。重組(zu)時則按相反步驟進(jin)(jin)行。
薩(sa)姆公司(si)隨(sui)M1216推出了兩款(kuan)短(duan)槍(qiang)管M1216型(xing)號(hao),并分別命名為(wei)(wei)(wei)M1212和(he)M1208。M1212是(shi)針對(dui)巡警市場的型(xing)號(hao),使用(yong)(yong)330.2 毫米(mi)(mi)(13 英吋(cun))長度(du)的槍(qiang)管,總長度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)698.5 毫米(mi)(mi)(27.5 英吋(cun));M1208是(shi)專門(men)針對(dui)特種部(bu)隊和(he)軍事承包商的型(xing)號(hao),使用(yong)(yong)254 毫米(mi)(mi)(10 英吋(cun))長度(du)的槍(qiang)管,總長度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)622.3 毫米(mi)(mi)(24.5 英吋(cun))。縮(suo)短(duan)全長有助減輕其(qi)重量,同時提高(gao)了機(ji)動性。使用(yong)(yong)短(duan)槍(qiang)管的M1216衍(yan)生型(xing)是(shi)根據國家槍(qiang)械(xie)法案(英語:National Firearms Act,簡稱:NFA)所(suo)規管的第三(san)類槍(qiang)械(xie)。
機(ji)匣頂部的MIL-STD-1913戰(zhan)術導(dao)軌(gui)上安(an)裝的機(ji)械(xie)瞄(miao)準具、光學瞄(miao)準鏡、反射式瞄(miao)準鏡、紅點鏡、全息(xi)瞄(miao)準鏡、夜視鏡或熱成像儀(可(ke)拆卸)
提把上(shang)的覘孔式照門及(ji)三角形柱狀準(zhun)星座(可調整前后及(ji)翻(fan)轉(zhuan)式折疊(die))
其他可用的光學瞄準鏡
可拆卸的旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)是M1216最大的亮點(dian),這個(ge)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)共有(you)四(si)個(ge)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)倉(cang),每(mei)個(ge)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)倉(cang)可放置4發70mm×12口徑或(huo)(huo)76mm×12口徑散彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)倉(cang)安裝在槍(qiang)管下方,彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)固定架上設有(you)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)解脫按(an)(an)鈕,左右(you)均設有(you)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)手柄,按(an)(an)壓左側或(huo)(huo)右(you)側的旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)手柄即(ji)可使彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)向左或(huo)(huo)向右(you)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)90度,當(dang)某一個(ge)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)倉(cang)對(dui)正彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)膛時(shi),即(ji)實現供彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。
名(ming)稱 M1216
槍(qiang)重(zhong): 2.95kg
槍長: 760MM
容彈量: 16發
射速(su): 120/分
射程(cheng): 300米(mi)
名稱 M1212
槍重: 3.06kg
槍長: 700MM
容彈(dan)量: 12發
射速: 120/分
射程: 300米(mi)
名稱 M1208
槍重: 2.64kg
槍長(chang): 622mm
容彈量: 8發
射(she)速: 120/分
射程:200米(mi) 200米(mi)
在霰(xian)彈(dan)槍(qiang)的(de)(de)歷(li)史中(zhong),唧(ji)(ji)筒式霰(xian)彈(dan)槍(qiang)是(shi)最(zui)早(zao)出(chu)現(xian)也(ye)是(shi)裝備量(liang)(liang)最(zui)廣泛(fan)的(de)(de),當然,唧(ji)(ji)筒式霰(xian)彈(dan)槍(qiang)存在很多缺點,例(li)如(ru)裝彈(dan)量(liang)(liang)小、槍(qiang)長(chang)過長(chang)。薩姆(mu)M12系列(lie)霰(xian)彈(dan)槍(qiang)是(shi)霰(xian)彈(dan)槍(qiang)歷(li)史上(shang)的(de)(de)一顆新(xin)(xin)星,它結構奇特,裝彈(dan)量(liang)(liang)大,全槍(qiang)緊湊(cou),最(zui)短的(de)(de)版本(ben)M1212僅為622MM長(chang),可以(yi)在汽車內(nei)伸出(chu)射擊,在特種作(zuo)戰以(yi)及巷戰中(zhong)也(ye)十分實用。且為半自動發射方式,射速(su)快、威力強、可靠性(xing)好(hao)。它開創了霰(xian)彈(dan)槍(qiang)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)紀元,在軍(jun)隊(dui),民(min)用市場(chang)中(zhong)將扮演越來越重要的(de)(de)角色。