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黃橋戰役，共(gong)殲國民黨頑(wan)固派韓德勤部1.1萬余人，其(qi)中(zhong)俘3800余名。奠定了蘇(su)北抗(kang)日根據地的堅實基礎，打開了華中(zhong)抗(kang)戰的新局面。

戰役背景

1940年春(chun)，堅持消(xiao)極抗日、積(ji)極反(fan)共(gong)政策的(de)(de)(de)國民(min)黨頑(wan)(wan)固派在第(di)一(yi)次反(fan)共(gong)高潮被打退(tui)后(hou)，密令第(di)3、第(di)5戰(zhan)區(qu)和(he)魯蘇(su)(su)(su)戰(zhan)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)部隊(dui)(dui)，大(da)舉進攻華中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。6月(yue)(yue)，新(xin)(xin)(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)江(jiang)南指(zhi)揮(hui)(hui)部根(gen)據(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央5月(yue)(yue)4日關于放手發(fa)展抗日力量，抵抗反(fan)共(gong)頑(wan)(wan)固派進攻的(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)示，為(wei)(wei)執行獨立自(zi)主(zhu)開(kai)辟蘇(su)(su)(su)北(bei)(bei)(bei)、發(fa)展華中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)敵后(hou)抗戰(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)略任務，率所屬主(zhu)力北(bei)(bei)(bei)渡(du)長(chang)江(jiang)，于7月(yue)(yue)初挺進蘇(su)(su)(su)北(bei)(bei)(bei)。下(xia)(xia)旬，遵照中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央指(zhi)示，組建新(xin)(xin)(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蘇(su)(su)(su)北(bei)(bei)(bei)指(zhi)揮(hui)(hui)部，陳毅、粟(su)裕分任正副指(zhi)揮(hui)(hui)，下(xia)(xia)轄第(di)1、第(di)2、第(di)3縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)9個團(tuan)，共(gong)7000余人。為(wei)(wei)建立以黃(huang)橋(qiao)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心的(de)(de)(de)抗日根(gen)據(ju)地，蘇(su)(su)(su)北(bei)(bei)(bei)指(zhi)揮(hui)(hui)部所屬部隊(dui)(dui)隨即東進黃(huang)橋(qiao)地區(qu)。8月(yue)(yue)，為(wei)(wei)策應新(xin)(xin)(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)發(fa)展蘇(su)(su)(su)北(bei)(bei)(bei)，八(ba)路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)5縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)東進淮（陰）海(hai)（州）地區(qu)，形成南北(bei)(bei)(bei)配(pei)合(he)、打開(kai)蘇(su)(su)(su)北(bei)(bei)(bei)抗戰(zhan)局面的(de)(de)(de)有(you)利(li)(li)態勢。國民(min)黨軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)魯蘇(su)(su)(su)戰(zhan)區(qu)副總(zong)司令兼江(jiang)蘇(su)(su)(su)省主(zhu)席韓德(de)勤(qin)，自(zi)詡(xu)擁(yong)兵(bing)(bing)10萬(wan)，視新(xin)(xin)(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蘇(su)(su)(su)北(bei)(bei)(bei)部隊(dui)(dui)為(wei)(wei)心腹(fu)之患，企(qi)圖先集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兵(bing)(bing)力進攻黃(huang)橋(qiao)，消(xiao)滅或驅(qu)逐(zhu)立足未穩(wen)的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蘇(su)(su)(su)北(bei)(bei)(bei)部隊(dui)(dui)，然后(hou)移兵(bing)(bing)北(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)，殲(jian)擊南下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)八(ba)路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)5縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)。蘇(su)(su)(su)北(bei)(bei)(bei)指(zhi)揮(hui)(hui)部堅持有(you)理(li)、有(you)利(li)(li)、有(you)節的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)衛(wei)立場(chang)，在八(ba)路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)5縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)下(xia)(xia)，積(ji)極做好(hao)迎擊韓德(de)勤(qin)部進攻的(de)(de)(de)準備，并(bing)靈活運用斗爭(zheng)策略，爭(zheng)取(qu)了駐泰州地區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)魯蘇(su)(su)(su)皖邊區(qu)游擊軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)李(li)明揚、李(li)長(chang)江(jiang)部和(he)曲塘一(yi)帶的(de)(de)(de)稅警總(zong)團(tuan)陳泰運部保持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)立。

戰役過程

1940年9月初，韓(han)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分兩路(lu)向(xiang)南進(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)。新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)被迫自(zi)衛反擊(ji)，首戰(zhan)營(ying)溪(xi)(xi)，殲(jian)(jian)(jian)其(qi)先(xian)頭保(bao)(bao)安(an)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1旅(lv)(lv)2個團，進(jin)(jin)而(er)攻(gong)(gong)取姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)堰(yan)(yan)(yan)，殲(jian)(jian)(jian)守(shou)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)千余(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)，并繼續向(xiang)韓(han)德(de)(de)(de)勤呼吁停止內戰(zhan)，團結(jie)抗日(ri)(ri)。韓(han)德(de)(de)(de)勤則以新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)必須退(tui)出姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)堰(yan)(yan)(yan)為(wei)(wei)借口相要(yao)挾。蘇(su)(su)北(bei)指揮部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)顧全抗戰(zhan)大局，慨然(ran)允諾(nuo)，讓出姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)堰(yan)(yan)(yan)，由(you)李(li)(li)明(ming)揚(yang)(yang)、李(li)(li)長江部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)接防，還主(zhu)動送給陳泰(tai)運部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分槍械，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)爭取了李(li)(li)、陳，使韓(han)德(de)(de)(de)勤更(geng)加孤立。然(ran)而(er)韓(han)德(de)(de)(de)勤自(zi)恃兵多(duo)糧足、裝(zhuang)備精(jing)良，以為(wei)(wei)新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)退(tui)出姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)堰(yan)(yan)(yan)是膽(dan)怯，令其(qi)主(zhu)力(li)(li)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)（轄第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)33、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)117師）和獨(du)立第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6旅(lv)(lv)共1.5萬(wan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，從(cong)海安(an)、曲塘一(yi)線(xian)進(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)黃橋(qiao)；李(li)(li)明(ming)揚(yang)(yang)、陳泰(tai)運部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)右路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，5個保(bao)(bao)安(an)旅(lv)(lv)為(wei)(wei)左路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，向(xiang)黃橋(qiao)兩翼夾(jia)擊(ji)，其(qi)進(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)總兵力(li)(li)達26個團3萬(wan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)，企(qi)圖(tu)(tu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)黃橋(qiao)地區聚殲(jian)(jian)(jian)新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蘇(su)(su)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)。蘇(su)(su)北(bei)指揮部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鑒于(yu)(yu)(yu)決戰(zhan)不可避免，決定集中(zhong)兵力(li)(li)，采取誘(you)其(qi)深入(ru)、各(ge)個擊(ji)破的(de)戰(zhan)法，于(yu)(yu)(yu)運動中(zhong)殲(jian)(jian)(jian)擊(ji)韓(han)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。據此，部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)署第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)3縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)堅守(shou)黃橋(qiao)；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)2縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)隱(yin)蔽集結(jie)于(yu)(yu)(yu)黃橋(qiao)西(xi)北(bei)地區，作為(wei)(wei)突擊(ji)力(li)(li)量。10月4日(ri)(ri)，韓(han)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)33師由(you)分界(jie)直撲黃橋(qiao)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)前(qian)沿陣地，實施猛烈攻(gong)(gong)擊(ji)，一(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)突入(ru)東(dong)(dong)門。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)3縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)頑強反擊(ji)，予以殺(sha)傷，將其(qi)逐出。韓(han)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)率(lv)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)117師經(jing)(jing)古溪(xi)(xi)進(jin)(jin)至野屋(wu)基、何(he)家塘一(yi)線(xian)；獨(du)立第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6旅(lv)(lv)經(jing)(jing)高橋(qiao)南進(jin)(jin)，企(qi)圖(tu)(tu)襲擊(ji)黃橋(qiao)側背。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)適(shi)時(shi)(shi)勇(yong)猛出擊(ji)，一(yi)舉將開進(jin)(jin)中(zhong)的(de)獨(du)立第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6旅(lv)(lv)分割包(bao)圍于(yu)(yu)(yu)高橋(qiao)一(yi)帶，經(jing)(jing)3小時(shi)(shi)激戰(zhan)，全殲(jian)(jian)(jian)該(gai)旅(lv)(lv)。4日(ri)(ri)午夜，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)2縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)經(jing)(jing)八(ba)(ba)字橋(qiao)插到分界(jie)，切斷(duan)了第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)退(tui)路(lu)，協同(tong)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)3縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)形成(cheng)三面夾(jia)擊(ji)，將第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主(zhu)力(li)(li)分割包(bao)圍于(yu)(yu)(yu)黃橋(qiao)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)地區。5日(ri)(ri)中(zhong)午，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)4團首先(xian)攻(gong)(gong)擊(ji)其(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1團主(zhu)力(li)(li)隨(sui)后勇(yong)猛出擊(ji)，各(ge)縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)旋(xuan)即緊縮包(bao)圍，奮勇(yong)沖(chong)殺(sha)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長李(li)(li)守(shou)維(wei)在逃(tao)跑中(zhong)落水斃命。經(jing)(jing)火線(xian)喊話，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)官兵紛紛繳械，主(zhu)力(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)當晚被殲(jian)(jian)(jian)。6日(ri)(ri)，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)2縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)又追殲(jian)(jian)(jian)該(gai)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)余(yu)(yu)(yu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)營(ying)溪(xi)(xi)，乘勝(sheng)攻(gong)(gong)占(zhan)海安(an)、東(dong)(dong)臺(tai)等地。韓(han)德(de)(de)(de)勤率(lv)殘部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)千余(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)向(xiang)興化潰敗。左路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)各(ge)保(bao)(bao)安(an)旅(lv)(lv)團陳兵運糧河東(dong)(dong)西(xi)之線(xian)，頻頻查詢戰(zhan)況(kuang)，企(qi)圖(tu)(tu)坐收(shou)漁利(li)的(de)李(li)(li)明(ming)揚(yang)(yang)、李(li)(li)長江部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)和陳泰(tai)運部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)亦隨(sui)之撤退(tui)。與此同(tong)時(shi)(shi)，八(ba)(ba)路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)由(you)漣水東(dong)(dong)進(jin)(jin)，攻(gong)(gong)占(zhan)阜(fu)寧、東(dong)(dong)溝、益林(lin)，殲(jian)(jian)(jian)韓(han)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)保(bao)(bao)安(an)旅(lv)(lv)一(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)后，直下鹽(yan)城。10月10日(ri)(ri)，新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蘇(su)(su)北(bei)指揮部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所屬第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)2縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)前(qian)鋒與八(ba)(ba)路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)先(xian)頭部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)東(dong)(dong)臺(tai)以北(bei)的(de)白(bai)駒鎮勝(sheng)利(li)會師。黃橋(qiao)戰(zhan)役期間(jian)，當地人(ren)(ren)民群眾在中(zhong)共蘇(su)(su)北(bei)區委(wei)領導下，積極支援新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作戰(zhan)，對保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)戰(zhan)役的(de)勝(sheng)利(li)起(qi)了重要(yao)作用。此役，共殲(jian)(jian)(jian)國(guo)民黨(dang)頑固派韓(han)德(de)(de)(de)勤部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)1.1萬(wan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)，其(qi)中(zhong)俘3800余(yu)(yu)(yu)名。

戰爭影響

黃橋戰役的(de)勝利，奠定了(le)蘇北抗日根據地的(de)堅實基礎，打開了(le)華(hua)中抗戰的(de)新局面。