為(wei)膜(mo)翅目,胡蜂科(ke)。體(ti)長竟達40毫米,是世界上最大的胡蜂。頭(tou)部(bu):寬較胸(xiong)部(bu)窄,但(dan)(dan)略(lve)寬于前(qian)胸(xiong)背板前(qian)緣(yuan);胸(xiong)部(bu):前(qian)胸(xiong)背板前(qian)緣(yuan)中央(yang)略(lve)隆起,被中胸(xiong)背板端部(bu)分開,肩角明顯,前(qian)緣(yuan)兩(liang)側黃棕色(se)(se),其余均呈黑(hei)褐(he)色(se)(se),但(dan)(dan)有(you)(you)的個體(ti)肩角處(chu)各(ge)(ge)有(you)(you)1棕色(se)(se)斑(ban),刻點(dian)幾無,但(dan)(dan)布(bu)有(you)(you)棕色(se)(se)毛。腹部(bu):除第6節(jie)(jie)背、腹板全呈橙(cheng)黃色(se)(se)外,其余各(ge)(ge)節(jie)(jie)背板均為(wei)棕黃色(se)(se)與黑(hei)褐(he)色(se)(se)相間(jian)。捕食多(duo)種(zhong)昆蟲,在生物(wu)防治上有(you)(you)較大利用價(jia)值,同(tong)時(shi)亦會(hui)吸食成熟水果,帶來一定(ding)害處(chu)。屬東洋、古(gu)北區系共有(you)(you)種(zhong)。
屬東洋、古北區系共(gong)有種(zhong)。
國內分(fen)布面較廣(guang),北(bei)(bei)起吉林(長白山(shan)),南(nan)至臺(tai)灣(wan)及(ji)廣(guang)東、廣(guang)西(xi)、云(yun)南(nan)南(nan)緣,東接(jie)國境線,西(xi)向沿遼寧、河(he)北(bei)(bei)、山(shan)西(xi)、陜西(xi)(延安)、甘肅(慶陽、隴南(nan)地區(qu))西(xi)斜,折入四川、云(yun)南(nan),止于(yu)盆地西(xi)緣和橫斷(duan)山(shan)系(xi)東側,是胡蜂科中常見(jian)種類(lei)之一。
國外分布(bu)于朝鮮(xian)、日(ri)本(北海道(dao)一(yi)九(jiu)州)及歐洲(法國)。
頭部(bu)(bu):寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)較(jiao)胸(xiong)部(bu)(bu)窄,但(dan)略寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)于前胸(xiong)背板前緣。兩觸角(jiao)(jiao)窩之(zhi)間(jian)三角(jiao)(jiao)狀(zhuang)平面隆(long)起,隆(long)起端(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)伸達(da)唇基(ji)(ji)基(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu),額(e)溝(gou)明(ming)顯(xian),整個(ge)(ge)頭部(bu)(bu)桔黃色(se)(se),額(e)部(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)頰部(bu)(bu)較(jiao)稀的布(bu)有淺刻點,僅沿后頭邊緣布(bu)有棕色(se)(se)毛,頰部(bu)(bu)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan),棕色(se)(se)單眼呈(cheng)(cheng)倒(dao)三角(jiao)(jiao)形排(pai)列(lie)于兩復眼頂(ding)部(bu)(bu)之(zhi)間(jian),每個(ge)(ge)單眼周圍略呈(cheng)(cheng)黑色(se)(se)。觸角(jiao)(jiao)支(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)突深棕色(se)(se),柄節(jie)棕黃色(se)(se),鞭節(jie)黑色(se)(se),唯基(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)數(shu)節(jie)的腹(fu)面及(ji)(ji)端(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)數(shu)節(jie)呈(cheng)(cheng)銹色(se)(se)。唇基(ji)(ji)略隆(long)起,寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)大于高,全呈(cheng)(cheng)桔黃色(se)(se),密布(bu)刻點,沿端(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)布(bu)有棕色(se)(se)毛,基(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)中央凹陷(xian),端(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)兩側齒(chi)狀(zhuang)突起。上(shang)(shang)顎基(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan),近三角(jiao)(jiao)形,桔黃色(se)(se),端(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)處(chu)呈(cheng)(cheng)黑色(se)(se),端(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)下半部(bu)(bu)有3個(ge)(ge)齒(chi),上(shang)(shang)半部(bu)(bu)刃狀(zhuang),最上(shang)(shang)端(duan)(duan)有1短齒(chi),上(shang)(shang)顎布(bu)有刻點和極短的毛。頰部(bu)(bu)明(ming)顯(xian)超過復限(xian)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)。
胸(xiong)部:前(qian)(qian)胸(xiong)背板(ban)(ban)前(qian)(qian)緣中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央略隆起(qi)(qi),被中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)胸(xiong)背板(ban)(ban)端部分(fen)開,肩角(jiao)明(ming)顯(xian),前(qian)(qian)緣兩側(ce)黃棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),其余均(jun)(jun)呈(cheng)黑(hei)(hei)褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),但有(you)的個體(ti)肩角(jiao)處各有(you)1棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)斑,刻點(dian)幾無(wu),但布(bu)(bu)有(you)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)毛。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)胸(xiong)背板(ban)(ban)略隆起(qi)(qi),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央有(you)細縱隆線,刻點(dian)細淺(qian)(qian)而稀(xi)(xi),布(bu)(bu)有(you)稀(xi)(xi)的棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)毛,全(quan)呈(cheng)黑(hei)(hei)褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),但有(you)些個體(ti)于前(qian)(qian)緣兩側(ce)及(ji)近翅(chi)基片(pian)處各有(you)l條狀(zhuang)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)斑。小盾片(pian)矩形(xing),略隆起(qi)(qi),光滑(hua)(hua),稀(xi)(xi)布(bu)(bu)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)毛,全(quan)呈(cheng)黑(hei)(hei)褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),或棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)。后小盾片(pian)向下垂(chui)直,五(wu)邊形(xing),端部突出,光滑(hua)(hua)、無(wu)刻點(dian),稀(xi)(xi)布(bu)(bu)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)毛,全(quan)呈(cheng)黑(hei)(hei)褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),有(you)時于兩側(ce)各有(you)1點(dian)狀(zhuang)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)斑。并(bing)胸(xiong)腹(fu)節(jie)(jie)全(quan)呈(cheng)黑(hei)(hei)褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),稀(xi)(xi)布(bu)(bu)淺(qian)(qian)刻點(dian),布(bu)(bu)有(you)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)毛,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央自(zi)淺(qian)(qian)溝,背面(mian)平。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)胸(xiong)側(ce)板(ban)(ban)黑(hei)(hei)褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),布(bu)(bu)有(you)淺(qian)(qian)刻點(dian)及(ji)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)毛。后胸(xiong)側(ce)板(ban)(ban)黑(hei)(hei)褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),光滑(hua)(hua)、無(wu)毛及(ji)刻點(dian)。翅(chi)基片(pian)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),內(nei)緣色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)暗,光滑(hua)(hua),后緣稀(xi)(xi)布(bu)(bu)短毛。翅(chi)呈(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),前(qian)(qian)翅(chi)前(qian)(qian)緣色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)略深。前(qian)(qian)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、后足(zu)之各節(jie)(jie)均(jun)(jun)呈(cheng)黑(hei)(hei)褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),僅膝部及(ji)前(qian)(qian)足(zu)脛節(jie)(jie)背面(mian)呈(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)。爪光滑(hua)(hua)無(wu)齒。
腹部(bu)(bu):除第(di)(di)(di)6節背(bei)、腹板(ban)全呈橙(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)外,其余(yu)各節背(bei)板(ban)均為棕(zong)黃(huang)色(se)與黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)褐(he)(he)色(se)相(xiang)間。第(di)(di)(di)1節腹板(ban)全呈黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)褐(he)(he)色(se),第(di)(di)(di)2至5節腹板(ban)均為黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)褐(he)(he)色(se),僅于端部(bu)(bu)確1棕(zong)黃(huang)色(se)窄(zhai)帶(dai)。第(di)(di)(di)1節背(bei)板(ban)與第(di)(di)(di)2節背(bei)板(ban)兩(liang)端橙(cheng)色(se),中間黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)褐(he)(he)色(se)。第(di)(di)(di)3至5節背(bei)板(ban)僅于端部(bu)(bu)邊緣為橙(cheng)色(se),基(ji)部(bu)(bu)為黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)褐(he)(he)色(se),兩(liang)色(se)橫(heng)帶(dai)相(xiang)間之寬窄(zhai),個體間常略有差異。各節均較光滑,僅能(neng)略見淺細的(de)刻點,均布有棕(zong)色(se)毛。
體長約30至40毫米。職(zhi)蜂(feng)較(jiao)小。
近似于雌(ci)蜂。棕色毛較密,體上常有(you)些(xie)棕色斑。
體長34毫米。
捕食(shi)多種(zhong)昆(kun)蟲,在(zai)生物防治(zhi)上(shang)有較(jiao)大利用價(jia)值,同時亦會(hui)吸食(shi)成熟水(shui)果(guo),帶來一定害處。
鱗翅目幼蟲。