蛇(she)姓(xing)(讀作shé或yí),中國(guo)罕見姓(xing)氏。是個多(duo)民族姓(xing)氏,今漢、苗(miao)、傈僳族均有此(ci)姓(xing)。起(qi)源很多(duo),但(dan)如今姓(xing)此(ci)姓(xing)的人(ren)數不多(duo),郡望有雁(yan)門、南安等。
1、蛇(she)姓(xing)出自(zi)姜姓(xing),為齊公族蛇(she)丘(qiu)(qiu)氏之后。春秋時齊國公族中有個蛇(she)丘(qiu)(qiu)氏,他的后代就(jiu)有人以蛇(she)為姓(xing)。東漢時就(jiu)有一個太守名叫蛇(she)邱。
2、春秋末(mo)年,楚平王有個孫(sun)子(zi)叫田公它(ta)(ta)成(cheng),他的(de)子(zi)孫(sun)便把他的(de)名(ming)“它(ta)(ta)”作(zuo)為了姓(xing)氏。古代蛇字也寫作(zuo)它(ta)(ta),所以,這也是蛇姓(xing)的(de)一個來源。由(you)于它(ta)(ta)是個多音(yin)字,后來就(jiu)演變出了它(ta)(ta)、蛇兩個姓(xing)氏。
3、源(yuan)出羌(qiang)人(ren)。后秦姚(yao)萇之(zhi)妻蛇(she)氏(shi),其族之(zhi)后。
3、傈(li)傈(li)族姓夫扒氏,以蛇為(wei)氏族圖騰,后來蛇成為(wei)氏族名,因氏。
4、蛇姓(xing)原是(shi)(shi)張(zhang)(zhang)姓(xing)的分支,野史中說(shuo)(shuo)當(dang)年洪(hong)秀全在南京安慶保衛戰(zhan)中失(shi)利,灣沚(zhi)區的張(zhang)(zhang)姓(xing)大量外逃(tao)(tao)。一支張(zhang)(zhang)姓(xing)人(ren)逃(tao)(tao)到(dao)南陵和青陽(yang)交界處(chu)的山(shan)里,饑餓難耐時(shi),人(ren)群(qun)(qun)中有一個老人(ren)發現(xian)一條大蛇,年輕人(ren)要抓來吃,老人(ren)先(xian)是(shi)(shi)不許,但(dan)看一群(qun)(qun)人(ren)就要餓死(si)了(le),只好對(dui)大家(jia)說(shuo)(shuo),我們吃了(le)蛇,是(shi)(shi)它救了(le)我們,就跟(gen)它姓(xing)吧(ba)。于是(shi)(shi)眾人(ren)吃了(le)大蛇獲救,后來這支張(zhang)(zhang)姓(xing)人(ren)改為姓(xing)蛇。
東漢中平五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(188年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),分漢陽(yang)郡(jun)(jun)豲道(dao)(dao)(dao)縣(xian)置(zhi)(zhi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)郡(jun)(jun),領(ling)豲道(dao)(dao)(dao)(治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)今(jin)(jin)甘肅省(sheng)隴(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan))、新(xin)(xin)興(xing)(析豲道(dao)(dao)(dao)縣(xian)置(zhi)(zhi),治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)今(jin)(jin)甘肅省(sheng)武(wu)(wu)山(shan)縣(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi))、中陶(tao)(析豲道(dao)(dao)(dao)縣(xian)置(zhi)(zhi),治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)今(jin)(jin)甘肅省(sheng)武(wu)(wu)山(shan)縣(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)北鴛鴦鎮)3縣(xian),轄(xia)域(yu)為今(jin)(jin)甘肅隴(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)東部(bu)和定西(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)、武(wu)(wu)山(shan)縣(xian)一帶。建安(an)(an)十九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(214年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))廢南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)郡(jun)(jun),并入隴(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)郡(jun)(jun)。三(san)國曹魏時(shi)(shi)復(fu)置(zhi)(zhi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)郡(jun)(jun),屬(shu)涼州(zhou),仍(reng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)豲道(dao)(dao)(dao)縣(xian)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)晉(jin)初屬(shu)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)州(zhou);太(tai)康三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(282年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))廢秦(qin)(qin)(qin)州(zhou),改(gai)隸雍州(zhou)。太(tai)康七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(286年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))秦(qin)(qin)(qin)州(zhou)復(fu)置(zhi)(zhi)(治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上邽,即(ji)今(jin)(jin)天水),南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)郡(jun)(jun)屬(shu)之(zhi)。東晉(jin)大興(xing)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(321年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)郡(jun)(jun)屬(shu)前(qian)(qian)涼河州(zhou)(治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)枹罕(han)),前(qian)(qian)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)因(yin)之(zhi)。后(hou)趙時(shi)(shi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)郡(jun)(jun)屬(shu)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)州(zhou),后(hou)秦(qin)(qin)(qin),西(xi)(xi)(xi)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)屬(shu)之(zhi)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)時(shi)(shi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)郡(jun)(jun)移治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)今(jin)(jin)甘肅省(sheng)隴(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)東。北魏太(tai)和十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(486年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)郡(jun)(jun)改(gai)名南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)陽(yang)郡(jun)(jun),治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桓(huan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)縣(xian)(今(jin)(jin)甘肅省(sheng)隴(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)東南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)),領(ling)桓(huan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)、新(xin)(xin)興(xing)(轄(xia)域(yu)為今(jin)(jin)隴(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)、漳、武(wu)(wu)山(shan)3縣(xian)部(bu)分地域(yu))2縣(xian);北周復(fu)名南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)(an)郡(jun)(jun)。隋(sui)朝開皇三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(583年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))實行州(zhou)轄(xia)縣(xian)制,廢郡(jun)(jun)。
戰國(guo)時(shi)趙(zhao)武靈王置,秦時(shi)治(zhi)(zhi)所在(zai)善(shan)無,今(jin)山(shan)西舊代(dai)州(zhou)(zhou)寧武之北部(bu)、及朔平(ping)南部(bu)、大同東部(bu)北部(bu)皆其境,漢亦為雁(yan)門郡(jun)治(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)無,在(zai)今(jin)山(shan)西右玉(yu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)南,漢時(shi)郡(jun)轄:善(shan)無、沃陽、中(zhong)陵、陰(yin)(yin)(yin)館、樓(lou)煩、武州(zhou)(zhou)、劇陽、崞、平(ping)城(cheng)(cheng)、埒(lie)、馬邑,疆(jiang)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)等縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。后漢移(yi)郡(jun)治(zhi)(zhi)陰(yin)(yin)(yin)館,在(zai)今(jin)山(shan)西代(dai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)西北,三國(guo)魏移(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)廣武,在(zai)今(jin)代(dai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)西十五里(li),后魏移(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)古上館城(cheng)(cheng),即今(jin)代(dai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)治(zhi)(zhi),隋開(kai)皇初(chu)廢郡(jun)為代(dai)州(zhou)(zhou),大業初(chu)復置。唐時(shi)多次廢置,宋時(shi)稱(cheng)代(dai)州(zhou)(zhou)雁(yan)門郡(jun),金時(shi)廢郡(jun)。
湖南寧鄉、華容(rong)、益陽(yang)(yang)、麻陽(yang)(yang)及(ji)廣(guang)東茂名(ming)、江西廬山、上海、河(he)北唐(tang)縣、寧夏同(tong)心、山西渾(hun)源等地均有此姓(xing)。在哈爾(er)濱市千萬人口(kou)中,截至(zhi)2013年(nian)2月(yue)中旬,查到蛇姓(xing)唯(wei)一(yi)一(yi)個家(jia)族,共10口(kou)人。
在東(dong)晉十六(liu)國中,有(you)個(ge)羌族(zu)建(jian)立的后(hou)秦(qin),后(hou)秦(qin)國主姚(yao)萇(chang)的皇(huang)(huang)后(hou)姓蛇,南(nan)(nan)安(an)(即現在甘(gan)肅的隴西縣)人(ren)。蛇皇(huang)(huang)后(hou)有(you)個(ge)哥(ge)哥(ge)叫(jiao)蛇越滂(一作蛇越),任南(nan)(nan)安(an)太守;她還有(you)個(ge)本家侄子(zi)叫(jiao)蛇玄,后(hou)來當(dang)了(le)建(jian)武將(jiang)軍。還有(you)蛇平為(wei)(wei)臨晉太守。又(you)有(you)蛇節,為(wei)(wei)元時苗酋(qiu)。