蛇(she)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)(讀作shé或yí),中國罕(han)見姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏。是個(ge)多民族(zu)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)氏,今漢、苗、傈僳族(zu)均有(you)此姓(xing)(xing)(xing)。起(qi)源很(hen)多,但如今姓(xing)(xing)(xing)此姓(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)人(ren)數不多,郡望有(you)雁門、南安等。
1、蛇姓出(chu)自姜姓,為(wei)齊公族蛇丘氏(shi)之后。春(chun)秋時(shi)齊國公族中有個(ge)蛇丘氏(shi),他的后代就有人以(yi)蛇為(wei)姓。東(dong)漢時(shi)就有一(yi)個(ge)太守名叫蛇邱。
2、春(chun)秋末年(nian),楚平王(wang)有個孫子叫(jiao)田(tian)公它(ta)(ta)(ta)成,他(ta)的(de)(de)子孫便把他(ta)的(de)(de)名(ming)“它(ta)(ta)(ta)”作(zuo)為了(le)姓(xing)氏。古代蛇(she)字也(ye)寫作(zuo)它(ta)(ta)(ta),所以,這也(ye)是(shi)蛇(she)姓(xing)的(de)(de)一個來源。由于它(ta)(ta)(ta)是(shi)個多音字,后來就演變出了(le)它(ta)(ta)(ta)、蛇(she)兩(liang)個姓(xing)氏。
3、源出羌人(ren)。后秦姚萇之妻蛇氏(shi),其族之后。
3、傈傈族姓夫扒氏,以(yi)蛇為氏族圖騰,后來蛇成為氏族名(ming),因氏。
4、蛇(she)(she)姓(xing)原是(shi)張姓(xing)的(de)分(fen)支(zhi),野史中說當年洪秀全在(zai)南京安(an)慶保衛戰中失利,灣沚區的(de)張姓(xing)大(da)(da)量(liang)外逃。一支(zhi)張姓(xing)人(ren)逃到南陵和青陽(yang)交界處的(de)山里,饑餓(e)難耐(nai)時,人(ren)群中有一個老(lao)人(ren)發現(xian)一條大(da)(da)蛇(she)(she),年輕人(ren)要(yao)抓來(lai)吃(chi)(chi),老(lao)人(ren)先是(shi)不許,但看一群人(ren)就要(yao)餓(e)死(si)了(le)(le),只好(hao)對(dui)大(da)(da)家說,我(wo)們吃(chi)(chi)了(le)(le)蛇(she)(she),是(shi)它(ta)救了(le)(le)我(wo)們,就跟它(ta)姓(xing)吧。于是(shi)眾人(ren)吃(chi)(chi)了(le)(le)大(da)(da)蛇(she)(she)獲救,后來(lai)這支(zhi)張姓(xing)人(ren)改為姓(xing)蛇(she)(she)。
東漢中平五年(nian)(nian)(188年(nian)(nian)),分(fen)漢陽郡(jun)豲道(dao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)置南(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)郡(jun),領(ling)豲道(dao)(治(zhi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)甘肅省隴(long)(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan))、新興(析豲道(dao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)置,治(zhi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)甘肅省武(wu)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi))、中陶(析豲道(dao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)置,治(zhi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)甘肅省武(wu)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)鴛鴦鎮)3縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),轄域(yu)(yu)為今(jin)(jin)(jin)甘肅隴(long)(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)東部(bu)和定西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、武(wu)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)帶。建安(an)十九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(214年(nian)(nian))廢南(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)郡(jun),并(bing)入隴(long)(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)郡(jun)。三(san)國曹魏時復(fu)置南(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)郡(jun),屬(shu)(shu)涼州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),仍治(zhi)豲道(dao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)晉初(chu)屬(shu)(shu)秦(qin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou);太(tai)康(kang)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(282年(nian)(nian))廢秦(qin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),改(gai)隸雍州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。太(tai)康(kang)七年(nian)(nian)(286年(nian)(nian))秦(qin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)復(fu)置(治(zhi)上邽,即(ji)今(jin)(jin)(jin)天水),南(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)郡(jun)屬(shu)(shu)之。東晉大興四(si)年(nian)(nian)(321年(nian)(nian)),南(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)郡(jun)屬(shu)(shu)前(qian)涼河州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(治(zhi)枹(bao)罕),前(qian)秦(qin)因之。后(hou)趙時南(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)郡(jun)屬(shu)(shu)秦(qin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),后(hou)秦(qin),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)秦(qin)屬(shu)(shu)之。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)秦(qin)時南(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)郡(jun)移(yi)治(zhi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)甘肅省隴(long)(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)東。北(bei)魏太(tai)和十年(nian)(nian)(486年(nian)(nian)),南(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)郡(jun)改(gai)名南(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)陽郡(jun),治(zhi)桓道(dao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(今(jin)(jin)(jin)甘肅省隴(long)(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)東南(nan)(nan)(nan)),領(ling)桓道(dao)、新興(轄域(yu)(yu)為今(jin)(jin)(jin)隴(long)(long)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、漳(zhang)、武(wu)山(shan)(shan)3縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)部(bu)分(fen)地域(yu)(yu))2縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian);北(bei)周復(fu)名南(nan)(nan)(nan)安(an)郡(jun)。隋朝開皇三(san)年(nian)(nian)(583年(nian)(nian))實行州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)轄縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制,廢郡(jun)。
戰國時(shi)趙(zhao)武靈(ling)王置(zhi),秦時(shi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)在善(shan)無(wu),今(jin)山(shan)西舊代(dai)(dai)州(zhou)寧武之北部(bu)、及朔(shuo)平南部(bu)、大同東部(bu)北部(bu)皆其境,漢亦為雁門郡治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)無(wu),在今(jin)山(shan)西右玉縣南,漢時(shi)郡轄:善(shan)無(wu)、沃(wo)陽、中陵、陰(yin)(yin)館、樓煩、武州(zhou)、劇陽、崞、平城、埒(lie)、馬(ma)邑,疆陰(yin)(yin)等(deng)縣。后漢移(yi)郡治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陰(yin)(yin)館,在今(jin)山(shan)西代(dai)(dai)縣西北,三國魏移(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)廣武,在今(jin)代(dai)(dai)縣西十五(wu)里,后魏移(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)古上館城,即今(jin)代(dai)(dai)縣治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),隋開皇初廢郡為代(dai)(dai)州(zhou),大業初復(fu)置(zhi)。唐時(shi)多次廢置(zhi),宋(song)時(shi)稱代(dai)(dai)州(zhou)雁門郡,金(jin)時(shi)廢郡。
湖南寧鄉、華(hua)容、益陽(yang)、麻陽(yang)及(ji)廣東茂名、江西廬(lu)山、上海、河北唐縣(xian)、寧夏同(tong)心、山西渾源等地均(jun)有此姓。在哈爾濱市千萬(wan)人口中,截(jie)至2013年2月中旬,查到蛇(she)姓唯(wei)一一個家族,共10口人。
在(zai)東晉十(shi)六國中(zhong),有個羌族(zu)建(jian)立的后秦,后秦國主(zhu)姚(yao)萇的皇后姓蛇,南(nan)安(an)(即現(xian)在(zai)甘肅的隴西縣)人。蛇皇后有個哥哥叫(jiao)蛇越(yue)滂(一作蛇越(yue)),任南(nan)安(an)太(tai)守;她還有個本家侄(zhi)子叫(jiao)蛇玄,后來當了建(jian)武將軍。還有蛇平為臨晉太(tai)守。又有蛇節,為元(yuan)時苗(miao)酋。