芒果视频下载

基本介紹

泛指“北(bei)大(da)(da)荒”地(di)(di)域內所種(zhong)植收獲(huo)的大(da)(da)米(mi)，比東北(bei)大(da)(da)米(mi)更加具有地(di)(di)域局限性，同屬(shu)“東北(bei)大(da)(da)米(mi)”。生長(chang)(chang)周期在(zai)180天左右(you)，為其提(ti)供(gong)了得天獨(du)厚的自(zi)然(ran)條件，陽(yang)光雨露充足，又(you)種(zhong)植在(zai)極肥(fei)沃的黑(hei)土壤中，富(fu)(fu)含豐富(fu)(fu)氮、磷、鉀等多種(zhong)礦(kuang)物元(yuan)素(su)，極其符(fu)合稻米(mi)生長(chang)(chang)的要求，以(yi)純凈無污染的河(he)水或井水灌(guan)溉，獨(du)特地(di)(di)域優(you)勢，保證了大(da)(da)米(mi)獨(du)有的品質。

品質特點

顆(ke)粒飽滿，質地堅(jian)硬，色澤清白透明(ming)。

飯粒油亮(liang)，香味濃郁。

蒸煮后出(chu)飯率(lv)高，粘性較小(xiao)，米質較脆(cui)。

有豐富(fu)的蛋(dan)白質(zhi)、脂肪(fang)、維生素(su)、礦物質(zhi)等營養物質(zhi)。

橫(heng)斷(duan)面呈扁(bian)圓(yuan)形，顏色(se)白色(se)透明的較多，也有半(ban)透明和不透明的。

生長環境

北大(da)荒(huang)的水(shui)(shui)稻耕(geng)種(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)達2400萬畝，約(yue)占(zhan)全黑(hei)龍江省播種(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)的50%。其黑(hei)土(tu)(tu)有(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)含量大(da)約(yue)是黃土(tu)(tu)的十倍，人們總用“一(yi)(yi)兩(liang)土(tu)(tu)二兩(liang)油”來形容(rong)它(ta)的肥(fei)沃與珍(zhen)貴(gui)。有(you)地質(zhi)(zhi)專家指出，每形成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)公(gong)分厚黑(hei)土(tu)(tu)需時200～400年，而(er)北大(da)荒(huang)的黑(hei)土(tu)(tu)厚度(du)則達到了1米。黑(hei)土(tu)(tu)的pH值為(wei)5.0～6.0，土(tu)(tu)壤有(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)含量較高，蓄水(shui)(shui)保水(shui)(shui)能力較好，是北大(da)荒(huang)成(cheng)為(wei)世界上緯度(du)最高的寒地水(shui)(shui)稻種(zhong)植帶的重(zhong)要原(yuan)因。

歷史起源

從(cong)第一批國(guo)營農(nong)場創建(jian)到1978年底，北(bei)大(da)(da)荒的一次創業經(jing)歷了(le)三個階(jie)段(duan)(duan)：艱苦創業階(jie)段(duan)(duan)、快速發展(zhan)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)和曲折前進階(jie)段(duan)(duan)。在計劃經(jing)濟(ji)體制下(xia)，北(bei)大(da)(da)荒人(ren)高(gao)舉“向地球開戰，向荒原要糧(liang)”的旗幟，以(yi)大(da)(da)規(gui)模開發建(jian)設為重(zhong)點(dian)，以(yi)向國(guo)家(jia)提(ti)供商品糧(liang)為目的，開始了(le)前無(wu)古人(ren)的偉大(da)(da)創業實踐(jian)，實現了(le)從(cong)北(bei)大(da)(da)荒到北(bei)大(da)(da)倉(cang)的歷史(shi)巨變，創造了(le)中(zhong)國(guo)乃至世界墾(ken)(ken)殖史(shi)上的偉大(da)(da)奇跡(ji)，推動了(le)我國(guo)農(nong)墾(ken)(ken)事(shi)業和國(guo)民經(jing)濟(ji)的空前發展(zhan)。

艱苦創業階段

這是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾事業(ye)由(you)(you)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始創(chuang)業(ye)到(dao)初具(ju)規模的(de)(de)(de)(de)10年(nian)(nian)(nian)。特(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)新中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)成立(li)后(hou)(hou)，掀起了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)波瀾壯闊的(de)(de)(de)(de)拓荒(huang)(huang)(huang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)潮(chao)，北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)進(jin)入了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個新的(de)(de)(de)(de)階段(duan)。這個階段(duan)發(fa)生了(le)六件具(ju)有重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)影響(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)事：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)發(fa)出“建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)鞏固的(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)根據(ju)地(di)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)指示，開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)墾處女(nv)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)先鋒們創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)寧安、通北(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)趙光等第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)國(guo)(guo)營(ying)機(ji)械(xie)化農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，為(wei)(wei)我國(guo)(guo)特(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾事業(ye)發(fa)展闖出了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條路子(zi)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)和(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)局的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)懷下，革命(ming)殘廢軍(jun)(jun)(jun)人以驚人的(de)(de)(de)(de)毅力(li)創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)伊拉哈(ha)、伏(fu)爾(er)基(ji)河等一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)榮(rong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，有力(li)地(di)推動了(le)北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾事業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以安置(zhi)被解(jie)(jie)放(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)民(min)黨軍(jun)(jun)(jun)官勞動就業(ye)為(wei)(wei)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)，在(zai)(zai)東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)地(di)區創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)寶泉(quan)嶺、二(er)龍山和(he)(he)筆架(jia)山等一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)解(jie)(jie)放(fang)團農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，為(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)來(lai)發(fa)展成為(wei)(wei)具(ju)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)規模的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械(xie)化農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)奠定(ding)(ding)了(le)基(ji)礎(chu)。四是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人民(min)解(jie)(jie)放(fang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)二(er)師(shi)成建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)制移墾北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)，以團為(wei)(wei)單位創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)二(er)九(jiu)○、二(er)九(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)等一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)二(er)師(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)并就地(di)集體轉業(ye)，開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)創(chuang)了(le)世界(jie)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)墾史(shi)上(shang)調動整建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)制軍(jun)(jun)(jun)隊(dui)進(jin)行(xing)屯墾戌邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)先河。五(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)按照國(guo)(guo)務院關(guan)于建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)國(guo)(guo)營(ying)友誼農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)決定(ding)(ding)，利(li)用蘇聯人民(min)援(yuan)助(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備，創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)我國(guo)(guo)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個用先進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)機(ji)械(xie)裝備起來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)營(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，對我國(guo)(guo)特(te)別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾事業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展產(chan)生了(le)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)影響(xiang)。六是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)時(shi)任鐵道兵(bing)(bing)司令員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)王震將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)倡導下，鐵道兵(bing)(bing)9個師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)復轉官兵(bing)(bing)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)赴北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)，創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)八五(wu)○、八五(wu)二(er)等一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)綜合性半機(ji)械(xie)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵道兵(bing)(bing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)并成立(li)了(le)鐵道兵(bing)(bing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾局，為(wei)(wei)北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)東(dong)部(bu)地(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)奠定(ding)(ding)了(le)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)基(ji)礎(chu)。在(zai)(zai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，青年(nian)(nian)(nian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)支(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生力(li)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。在(zai)(zai)這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)階段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)期，楊華等一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)京青年(nian)(nian)(nian)，響(xiang)應黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)號召奔(ben)赴北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)，揭開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)了(le)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)支(zhi)邊(bian)青年(nian)(nian)(nian)志愿墾荒(huang)(huang)(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)序幕。在(zai)(zai)短短兩個多月的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間里，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)19個省、16個大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)城市、2000多名青年(nian)(nian)(nian)先后(hou)(hou)來(lai)到(dao)北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)，創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)北(bei)(bei)(bei)京莊(zhuang)、天津莊(zhuang)、河北(bei)(bei)(bei)莊(zhuang)、哈(ha)爾(er)濱莊(zhuang)等青年(nian)(nian)(nian)集體農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)莊(zhuang)，為(wei)(wei)北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)增添(tian)了(le)新鮮(xian)血液。據(ju)史(shi)料記載，1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)與初創(chuang)時(shi)相比，墾區國(guo)(guo)營(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)由(you)(you)15個增加到(dao)96個，耕地(di)面(mian)積由(you)(you)41萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝增加到(dao)457萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝，機(ji)械(xie)總動力(li)由(you)(you)1.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千瓦發(fa)展到(dao)6.2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千瓦，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)職工由(you)(you)3900人增加到(dao)4.65萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)人，年(nian)(nian)(nian)糧食(shi)總產(chan)由(you)(you)2400萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)斤增加到(dao)4.54億斤，年(nian)(nian)(nian)工農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)總產(chan)值(zhi)由(you)(you)236萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan)增加到(dao)5263萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan)。

快速發展階段

這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)由(you)初具規模到快速發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)10年(nian)。隨著黨(dang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)過(guo)渡時期總(zong)路(lu)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貫(guan)徹執行，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)掀(xian)起了(le)(le)(le)(le)轟(hong)轟(hong)烈烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)新(xin)高(gao)(gao)潮，北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)也進(jin)入(ru)了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)新(xin)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)八件具有重(zhong)(zhong)要影響的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)事(shi)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)召(zhao)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)工作會議，討(tao)論通過(guo)第(di)二個(ge)(ge)(ge)五年(nian)計劃(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)體規劃(hua)，對(dui)東北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、西北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)華南地(di)(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)規模墾(ken)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)做(zuo)出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)戰(zhan)略部(bu)署。二是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)出(chu)《關(guan)于(yu)動(dong)員十萬(wan)干(gan)部(bu)轉(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)復(fu)員參加生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指示》，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)成都會議通過(guo)《關(guan)于(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)墾(ken)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意見》，充分肯定(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)(le)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)墾(ken)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)屯墾(ken)戌邊等(deng)(deng)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要作用(yong)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)按照黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)略部(bu)署，王震將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)親率(lv)10萬(wan)復(fu)轉(zhuan)官(guan)兵挺(ting)進(jin)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)三(san)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)平原上展(zhan)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)規模宏大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墾(ken)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)戰(zhan)斗，創建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)川農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、名(ming)(ming)山、江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)濱和(he)延軍(jun)(jun)(jun)等(deng)(deng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。四是(shi)(shi)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)“大(da)(da)(da)躍進(jin)”和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村人民公(gong)社化運動(dong)，特別是(shi)(shi)60年(nian)代(dai)初期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)自然災害，使加快發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)遇到了(le)(le)(le)(le)暫時困難。五是(shi)(shi)東北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)局(ju)(ju)召(zhao)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)東北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)地(di)(di)區國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)工作會議，進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)明確國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)方(fang)(fang)針是(shi)(shi)“以(yi)糧為(wei)(wei)綱、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)牧并舉、多(duo)種經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)”，并做(zuo)出(chu)“調(diao)整農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)關(guan)系不(bu)適應生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分”等(deng)(deng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)系列重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)決定(ding)(ding)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)當時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)順利地(di)(di)進(jin)行調(diao)整和(he)提高(gao)(gao)指明了(le)(le)(le)(le)方(fang)(fang)向。六(liu)是(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院批(pi)準黑龍江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)立(li)(li)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)廳，下(xia)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)九三(san)、趙光、查哈陽和(he)紅色草原農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)局(ju)(ju)等(deng)(deng)派(pai)出(chu)機(ji)構，并把其(qi)(qi)它地(di)(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)省(sheng)屬國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)劃(hua)歸省(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)廳，加強了(le)(le)(le)(le)省(sheng)委(wei)、省(sheng)政府對(dui)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)統一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)領導(dao)。七是(shi)(shi)黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院決定(ding)(ding)合并合江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)和(he)牡丹江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)局(ju)(ju)，成立(li)(li)東北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)總(zong)局(ju)(ju)（局(ju)(ju)址設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)在(zai)(zai)(zai)佳(jia)木斯(si)市，下(xia)轄蘿北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)虎(hu)林(lin)(lin)兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)分局(ju)(ju)），進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)加強了(le)(le)(le)(le)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)三(san)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)平原和(he)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)糧基地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領導(dao)。八是(shi)(shi)人民解放軍(jun)(jun)(jun)沈(shen)陽軍(jun)(jun)(jun)區所屬部(bu)隊萬(wan)余名(ming)(ming)官(guan)兵，即“六(liu)六(liu)·三(san)”復(fu)轉(zhuan)官(guan)兵分批(pi)到全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)29個(ge)(ge)(ge)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)牧場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)插隊，組(zu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)黑龍江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)兵團(tuan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)師(shi)（黑河(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)師(shi)）和(he)第(di)二師(shi)（合江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)師(shi)），為(wei)(wei)后來黑龍江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)兵團(tuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成立(li)(li)奠定(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)基礎(chu)。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)，也包(bao)括一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)勞(lao)改農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)。自1950年(nian)松江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)公(gong)安廳在(zai)(zai)(zai)湯(tang)原縣(xian)創建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)勞(lao)改農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)起，到60年(nian)代(dai)初先后建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)了(le)(le)(le)(le)密山、興凱(kai)湖、尾山、長水(shui)河(he)等(deng)(deng)38個(ge)(ge)(ge)勞(lao)改農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)人以(yi)寬闊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)胸懷，接納了(le)(le)(le)(le)這(zhe)些(xie)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)改犯人，并用(yong)黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政策對(dui)他們實行了(le)(le)(le)(le)勞(lao)動(dong)改造。在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)具有重(zhong)(zhong)要影響的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)事(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，王震將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)親率(lv)10萬(wan)復(fu)轉(zhuan)官(guan)兵挺(ting)進(jin)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)，堪稱是(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)史上最(zui)為(wei)(wei)壯麗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)頁。在(zai)(zai)(zai)10萬(wan)復(fu)轉(zhuan)官(guan)兵挺(ting)進(jin)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)大(da)(da)(da)專院校畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)有經(jing)驗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教師(shi)、醫(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、記者，以(yi)及在(zai)(zai)(zai)反右斗爭中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)直(zhi)屬機(ji)關(guan)被錯劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)1500名(ming)(ming)“右派(pai)分子(zi)”相(xiang)繼來到北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有著名(ming)(ming)詩(shi)人艾青，著名(ming)(ming)戲劇(ju)家(jia)(jia)吳祖光、李荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)燕(yan)，著名(ming)(ming)作家(jia)(jia)和(he)畫家(jia)(jia)聶(nie)紺弩(nu)、丁玲、丁聰(cong)等(deng)(deng)人，這(zhe)些(xie)拓荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)者為(wei)(wei)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)做(zuo)出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)應有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊貢獻。經(jing)過(guo)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)縱橫千里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)批(pi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)(ying)(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，成為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)糧基地(di)(di)，北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)變(bian)成了(le)(le)(le)(le)海內(nei)(nei)外(wai)聞名(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)倉”。到1966年(nian)，墾(ken)區實現糧豆總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)23億(yi)斤(jin)，比1956年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長4倍多(duo)；向國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)提供商(shang)品(pin)(pin)糧11.4億(yi)斤(jin)，比1956年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長3.7倍。在(zai)(zai)(zai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)糧食生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時，修建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)密山至虎(hu)林(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵路(lu)，開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)了(le)(le)(le)(le)完(wan)達山的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)林(lin)(lin)區，加快發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)林(lin)(lin)牧副(fu)漁業(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)(deng)多(duo)種經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)。墾(ken)區實現工農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)值3.7億(yi)元，比1956年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長6倍多(duo)。1964年(nian)7月，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)副(fu)主席董必武視察(cha)墾(ken)區時，曾(ceng)題(ti)詩(shi)贊頌北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巨大(da)(da)(da)變(bian)化：“斬棘披荊憶老兵，大(da)(da)(da)荒(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)已變(bian)大(da)(da)(da)糧屯”。

曲折前進階段

這是(shi)(shi)北(bei)大(da)(da)荒(huang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)遭受(shou)嚴重(zhong)挫(cuo)(cuo)折中奮力(li)向前(qian)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)12年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。正當北(bei)大(da)(da)荒(huang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)蓬(peng)勃發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時候，“文(wen)(wen)化(hua)大(da)(da)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)”這場(chang)(chang)長達10年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之久的(de)(de)(de)(de)浩劫(jie)席卷全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。隨著(zhu)“文(wen)(wen)化(hua)大(da)(da)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，“左”傾錯誤(wu)思潮泛濫，對(dui)墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沖擊也愈演愈烈。到(dao)(dao)1968年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，整個(ge)(ge)東北(bei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)總(zong)局和(he)(he)(he)(he)省農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)廳所屬農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)牧(mu)場(chang)(chang)及(ji)工(gong)礦企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，從(cong)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)制、經(jing)(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)方(fang)式(shi)到(dao)(dao)各項(xiang)規(gui)(gui)章制度等(deng)(deng)被全(quan)盤(pan)否定，一(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)批(pi)富有(you)(you)(you)(you)經(jing)(jing)驗的(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)干(gan)部被批(pi)斗，致使農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)遭受(shou)了(le)(le)(le)(le)嚴重(zhong)挫(cuo)(cuo)折。這個(ge)(ge)階段發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)四件具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)重(zhong)要影響的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)事：一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)黑龍(long)(long)江(jiang)(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)正式(shi)成(cheng)立(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)撤消(xiao)。1968年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月18日，根據黨(dang)中央及(ji)軍(jun)委(wei)(wei)指示組建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民解(jie)放軍(jun)黑龍(long)(long)江(jiang)(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)，主要任務(wu)是(shi)(shi)屯(tun)墾(ken)戌邊(bian)：保衛(wei)邊(bian)疆(jiang)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)邊(bian)疆(jiang)，發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。隨著(zhu)黑龍(long)(long)江(jiang)(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)組建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)勞改(gai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)相繼(ji)(ji)被軍(jun)隊接(jie)管(guan)。1976年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月25日，經(jing)(jing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院和(he)(he)(he)(he)中央軍(jun)委(wei)(wei)批(pi)準，撤消(xiao)黑龍(long)(long)江(jiang)(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)，在(zai)佳木斯市成(cheng)立(li)黑龍(long)(long)江(jiang)(jiang)省國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)局，下設(she)(she)(she)(she)寶泉(quan)嶺、紅(hong)興隆等(deng)(deng)11個(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)營(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)管(guan)理(li)局，為(wei)(wei)墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)經(jing)(jing)濟和(he)(he)(he)(he)社會(hui)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)帶(dai)來了(le)(le)(le)(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)機。二(er)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)批(pi)城(cheng)(cheng)市知(zhi)識(shi)青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)赴北(bei)大(da)(da)荒(huang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)返(fan)(fan)城(cheng)(cheng)。從(cong)1968年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)到(dao)(dao)1971年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，北(bei)京、天津、上(shang)海、杭州和(he)(he)(he)(he)哈爾濱等(deng)(deng)大(da)(da)中城(cheng)(cheng)市的(de)(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)識(shi)青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，紛(fen)紛(fen)響應毛主席“知(zhi)識(shi)青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)到(dao)(dao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)去(qu)，接(jie)受(shou)貧下中農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)再教(jiao)育”的(de)(de)(de)(de)號召相繼(ji)(ji)開(kai)赴北(bei)大(da)(da)荒(huang)。大(da)(da)批(pi)城(cheng)(cheng)市知(zhi)識(shi)青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來到(dao)(dao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)，提高了(le)(le)(le)(le)墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)職工(gong)隊伍的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)素質，為(wei)(wei)北(bei)大(da)(da)荒(huang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)增添(tian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)力(li)量，特(te)別(bie)是(shi)(shi)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)技術改(gai)進(jin)(jin)和(he)(he)(he)(he)文(wen)(wen)教(jiao)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，以(yi)及(ji)職工(gong)思想觀念和(he)(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活方(fang)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉變起(qi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)重(zhong)要作用。自(zi)1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)始，由于國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家落實(shi)政(zheng)策，大(da)(da)批(pi)知(zhi)識(shi)青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)陸續返(fan)(fan)城(cheng)(cheng)。在(zai)北(bei)大(da)(da)荒(huang)艱(jian)苦(ku)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境中，廣大(da)(da)知(zhi)識(shi)青(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)得(de)到(dao)(dao)嚴格鍛煉(lian)，后(hou)來有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)少人(ren)(ren)(ren)脫穎而出(chu)(chu)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)各行(xing)各業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)杰(jie)出(chu)(chu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)物，有(you)(you)(you)(you)相當一(yi)(yi)(yi)部分人(ren)(ren)(ren)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家各級黨(dang)政(zheng)機關的(de)(de)(de)(de)棟梁之才。三是(shi)(shi)兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)第六(liu)(liu)師開(kai)發三江(jiang)(jiang)平原(yuan)(yuan)東北(bei)部撫(fu)遠荒(huang)原(yuan)(yuan)。當時，將原(yuan)(yuan)第三師所屬二(er)十(shi)七團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)等(deng)(deng)4個(ge)(ge)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)場(chang)(chang)，歸屬新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)第六(liu)(liu)師作為(wei)(wei)基地和(he)(he)(he)(he)依托，搶(qiang)修并沿著(zhu)二(er)龍(long)(long)山至(zhi)撫(fu)遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)“二(er)撫(fu)”公(gong)路(lu)“二(er)戰荒(huang)原(yuan)(yuan)”，新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)六(liu)(liu)十(shi)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)（前(qian)進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)）、六(liu)(liu)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)（創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)）等(deng)(deng)7個(ge)(ge)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)場(chang)(chang)。四是(shi)(shi)在(zai)社會(hui)保障體(ti)(ti)系(xi)不(bu)夠完(wan)善的(de)(de)(de)(de)條件下建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)小(xiao)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)兵(bing)(bing)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)成(cheng)立(li)后(hou)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)小(xiao)社會(hui)得(de)到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。不(bu)僅糧油和(he)(he)(he)(he)副食供應，以(yi)及(ji)文(wen)(wen)教(jiao)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)勞保福(fu)利等(deng)(deng)可以(yi)自(zi)給(gei)自(zi)足(zu)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)領(ling)(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)許多方(fang)面(mian)，如(ru)交(jiao)通、通信、科研和(he)(he)(he)(he)廣播電視等(deng)(deng)也都自(zi)成(cheng)網(wang)絡，逐步(bu)(bu)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)140多個(ge)(ge)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定規(gui)(gui)模(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)小(xiao)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮的(de)(de)(de)(de)雛(chu)形(xing)。特(te)別(bie)是(shi)(shi)由于當時戰備(bei)形(xing)勢的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要，墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)在(zai)交(jiao)通和(he)(he)(he)(he)通信等(deng)(deng)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)有(you)(you)(you)(you)很大(da)(da)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，為(wei)(wei)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)開(kai)發三江(jiang)(jiang)平原(yuan)(yuan)鋪平了(le)(le)(le)(le)道路(lu)，并為(wei)(wei)90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)加快發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)奠定了(le)(le)(le)(le)基礎。盡管(guan)由于“文(wen)(wen)化(hua)大(da)(da)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，這個(ge)(ge)階段的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)遭受(shou)了(le)(le)(le)(le)嚴重(zhong)挫(cuo)(cuo)折，勞動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)率(lv)大(da)(da)幅度下降，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)狀況(kuang)不(bu)斷(duan)惡化(hua)，但北(bei)大(da)(da)荒(huang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)發揚艱(jian)苦(ku)奮斗精神(shen)，堅(jian)韌不(bu)拔(ba)地把農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)推(tui)向了(le)(le)(le)(le)前(qian)進(jin)(jin)。主要標志是(shi)(shi)：農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)不(bu)斷(duan)擴大(da)(da)。1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)耕地總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)達到(dao)(dao)2723.4萬畝，比(bi)1966年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長42.5%；實(shi)現糧豆總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)46.9億(yi)斤，比(bi)1966年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長51.3%。畜(chu)牧(mu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，大(da)(da)牲畜(chu)存欄(lan)達到(dao)(dao)15.1萬頭，比(bi)1966年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長31.3%。工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)形(xing)成(cheng)相當規(gui)(gui)模(mo)，中小(xiao)型(xing)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)(dao)737個(ge)(ge)，實(shi)現工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)值6.3億(yi)元，比(bi)1966年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長3倍。特(te)別(bie)是(shi)(shi)先(xian)后(hou)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)擴建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)制糖(tang)、釀酒(jiu)、造(zao)紙、奶制品和(he)(he)(he)(he)面(mian)粉(fen)加工(gong)等(deng)(deng)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，改(gai)變了(le)(le)(le)(le)墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)單一(yi)(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)局面(mian)。

經(jing)過一次創業的偉大(da)實(shi)踐，北大(da)荒已變成(cheng)名副其實(shi)的北大(da)倉，人們千百年來的夢想終于成(cheng)為(wei)現(xian)實(shi)。

開(kai)(kai)拓前進(jin)中(zhong)跨越發(fa)展。以黨的(de)(de)十一屆(jie)三(san)中(zhong)全會為(wei)(wei)轉折點，北大荒農墾事業發(fa)展也進(jin)入了一個(ge)(ge)新的(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史時期——二(er)次(ci)創業。經歷(li)(li)了三(san)個(ge)(ge)階(jie)段：試驗探索階(jie)段、深(shen)刻變革階(jie)段和(he)(he)開(kai)(kai)拓前進(jin)階(jie)段。這三(san)個(ge)(ge)階(jie)段的(de)(de)二(er)次(ci)創業，是(shi)北大荒人(ren)在計劃(hua)經濟(ji)向(xiang)市(shi)場經濟(ji)轉軌過程中(zhong)，高舉“解(jie)放思(si)想，事實求(qiu)是(shi)，深(shen)化改(gai)革，擴大開(kai)(kai)放”的(de)(de)旗幟，以突破體制性(xing)障礙和(he)(he)解(jie)決(jue)結構性(xing)矛盾為(wei)(wei)主，以實現兩個(ge)(ge)根本性(xing)轉變和(he)(he)加快(kuai)農業現代化建設為(wei)(wei)目的(de)(de)，所進(jin)行的(de)(de)一次(ci)具有開(kai)(kai)拓性(xing)的(de)(de)偉大創業實踐。

試驗探索階段

主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)特點是(shi)(shi)：以解放思(si)想為(wei)(wei)先(xian)導(dao)，積極進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)試驗(yan)探(tan)索(suo)，調(diao)整(zheng)傳統經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)模式，改(gai)(gai)革經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟管理(li)體制(zhi)，由封閉逐步走(zou)向開(kai)(kai)放，為(wei)(wei)加快(kuai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)提供動(dong)力(li)。這個階段發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)了(le)(le)四件(jian)具有重要(yao)(yao)影(ying)響的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)事：一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)調(diao)整(zheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)結構，發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)工(gong)(gong)商(shang)綜合經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)。墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)從(cong)調(diao)整(zheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)結構入手，實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)工(gong)(gong)商(shang)綜合經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步改(gai)(gai)變單(dan)一(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)局(ju)(ju)面(mian)。通過調(diao)整(zheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)結構，初(chu)步實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)林牧(mu)副(fu)漁全面(mian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)工(gong)(gong)商(shang)綜合經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)，使墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟逐步走(zou)上了(le)(le)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域化(hua)(hua)(hua)布(bu)局(ju)(ju)、專業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、集約(yue)化(hua)(hua)(hua)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)、系列(lie)化(hua)(hua)(hua)服務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軌道。二是(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)對(dui)外開(kai)(kai)放，建(jian)立農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)窗口。在(zai)我國(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)改(gai)(gai)革開(kai)(kai)放的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)夕，北大(da)(da)荒人就從(cong)美(mei)國(guo)約(yue)翰迪爾公司引進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)套先(xian)進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)機(ji)械設備，裝備經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)基(ji)(ji)礎較(jiao)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)友誼(yi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)五分(fen)(fen)場(chang)(chang)第二生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)隊(dui)，使每個農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)人生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)糧豆(dou)達到42.3萬斤。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)與(yu)日(ri)本日(ri)綿實(shi)(shi)(shi)業(ye)(ye)株式會(hui)社(she)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)施了(le)(le)在(zai)三江平原開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)30萬畝(mu)耕地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)豆(dou)補償(chang)貿易項目；從(cong)日(ri)美(mei)引進(jin)(jin)價值1126.4萬美(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)械裝備，新(xin)建(jian)了(le)(le)具有較(jiao)高(gao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)洪河農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)。1981至1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)用(yong)世(shi)界銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)貸款開(kai)(kai)荒300萬畝(mu)，并達成“黑龍江農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)項目”協儀，引進(jin)(jin)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)批(pi)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)型(xing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)和工(gong)(gong)程機(ji)械。這些農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)窗口的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)立,受(shou)到了(le)(le)黨和國(guo)家領導(dao)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度(du)重視，鄧小平、李先(xian)念、胡(hu)耀邦、王震等先(xian)后到墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)視察，對(dui)墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)引進(jin)(jin)和吸收(shou)(shou)國(guo)外先(xian)進(jin)(jin)技術，發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)機(ji)械化(hua)(hua)(hua)和現(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)給予了(le)(le)充分(fen)(fen)肯定。三是(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)財務(wu)包(bao)(bao)干(gan)，變革經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)管理(li)體制(zhi)。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月，國(guo)務(wu)院決(jue)(jue)定從(cong)1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)到1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)企業(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)以“獨立核算(suan)，自負盈(ying)虧(kui)，虧(kui)損(sun)不補，利(li)潤(run)用(yong)于發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，資(zi)(zi)金不足(zu)可以貸款”為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)內(nei)容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)財務(wu)包(bao)(bao)干(gan)。這個辦(ban)(ban)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，在(zai)財務(wu)管理(li)上沖破了(le)(le)多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)統收(shou)(shou)統支制(zhi)度(du)，較(jiao)好地解決(jue)(jue)了(le)(le)長期存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)(ye)吃國(guo)家“大(da)(da)鍋飯”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)，大(da)(da)幅度(du)提高(gao)了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)企業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟效益。實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)財務(wu)包(bao)(bao)干(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)利(li)潤(run)1006萬元(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)扭虧(kui)增盈(ying)12111萬元(yuan)(yuan)，以后又(you)連續多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)盈(ying)利(li)。四是(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任制(zhi)，試辦(ban)(ban)職工(gong)(gong)家庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月，墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)基(ji)(ji)本工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)加獎(jiang)勵(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任制(zhi)，后來又(you)改(gai)(gai)為(wei)(wei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)“包(bao)(bao)、定、獎(jiang)（賠(pei)）”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任制(zhi)。從(cong)1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)，墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)試行(xing)(xing)(xing)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任制(zhi)與(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)浮動(dong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)相(xiang)結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)(ban)法，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)對(dui)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)隊(dui)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)“整(zheng)體承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)，統一(yi)(yi)核算(suan)，利(li)潤(run)分(fen)(fen)成，虧(kui)損(sun)受(shou)罰”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任制(zhi)。1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月，墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)試行(xing)(xing)(xing)以機(ji)械化(hua)(hua)(hua)作業(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)聯合承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)，部分(fen)(fen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)務(wu)單(dan)獨承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)或(huo)車組承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)。這一(yi)(yi)系列(lie)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，較(jiao)好地解決(jue)(jue)了(le)(le)長期存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職工(gong)(gong)吃企業(ye)(ye)“大(da)(da)鍋飯”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任制(zhi)后，墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)分(fen)(fen)離農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)勞動(dong)力(li)6萬多(duo)人，為(wei)(wei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)多(duo)種經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)創造了(le)(le)條件(jian)。1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)初(chu)，借鑒農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)改(gai)(gai)革成功經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)驗(yan)，墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)試辦(ban)(ban)一(yi)(yi)批(pi)家庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)(chang)，從(cong)而在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)體制(zhi)改(gai)(gai)革上找到了(le)(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)突破口。

深刻變革階段

這(zhe)個階段的(de)主(zhu)要特(te)點是(shi)：墾區(qu)(qu)經濟(ji)體(ti)制改(gai)革(ge)(ge)，由(you)試(shi)驗探索轉向(xiang)能動推(tui)進，由(you)單項突破轉向(xiang)配套實施。在經濟(ji)體(ti)制改(gai)革(ge)(ge)進一步(bu)深化，不斷取得突破性進展(zhan)的(de)同時，墾區(qu)(qu)社會生產力水平明顯提高。這(zhe)個階段發生了四件具有重(zhong)要影響的(de)大事：一是(shi)建立大農(nong)(nong)場套小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)場的(de)雙(shuang)層經營體(ti)制。1985年初，墾區(qu)(qu)興辦家庭農(nong)(nong)場工作全面鋪開，逐(zhu)步(bu)推(tui)行了生產生活(huo)費(fei)用由(you)“兩借”變為(wei)“兩自”的(de)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)，在興辦以家庭農(nong)(nong)場為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)

場的(de)同時，國(guo)營農(nong)場（大(da)農(nong)場）強化統(tong)一經(jing)營功能，初步建立了(le)國(guo)營農(nong)場統(tong)一經(jing)營和家庭農(nong)場分散經(jing)營相結合的(de)大(da)農(nong)場套(tao)小農(nong)場的(de)雙層經(jing)營體制(zhi)。二是(shi)實(shi)行(xing)場（廠(chang)）長負責制(zhi)和承包經(jing)營責

任(ren)制。從1984年(nian)下半年(nian)開始，墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)場(chang)（廠）長負責制試(shi)點，到(dao)(dao)1988年(nian)試(shi)點單位達到(dao)(dao)企業(ye)總數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)60%以上(shang)(shang)。90年(nian)代初(chu)期，墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)全面(mian)推行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)多種形式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)承包(bao)(bao)經(jing)營責任(ren)制，實行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)企業(ye)所有權(quan)和(he)經(jing)營權(quan)的(de)(de)(de)分離。墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)大力推進(jin)企業(ye)內(nei)部(bu)“三項(xiang)制度”改(gai)革(ge)，逐步建(jian)立了(le)(le)(le)(le)“干部(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)上(shang)(shang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)下，職工(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)進(jin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)出，收入(ru)能(neng)(neng)(neng)高(gao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)低”的(de)(de)(de)競爭機制。三是(shi)實行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)以“四(si)(si)到(dao)(dao)戶、兩(liang)自理”為(wei)標(biao)(biao)志的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)改(gai)革(ge)。1992年(nian)，鄧小平同(tong)志南巡談話發(fa)表后，墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些經(jing)營困(kun)難(nan)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)，在無(wu)力為(wei)家(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)墊(dian)支生產(chan)生活(huo)費，而銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)又(you)不給(gei)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)貸款的(de)(de)(de)情況下，率(lv)先(xian)對家(jia)庭(ting)農(nong)(nong)場(chang)采取了(le)(le)(le)(le)“兩(liang)自理”和(he)“四(si)(si)到(dao)(dao)戶”（土(tu)地承包(bao)(bao)到(dao)(dao)戶、核算到(dao)(dao)戶、盈(ying)虧到(dao)(dao)戶、風(feng)險(xian)到(dao)(dao)戶）的(de)(de)(de)辦法。這種辦法既調動(dong)了(le)(le)(le)(le)職工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)積極性，增強了(le)(le)(le)(le)職工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)險(xian)意識，又(you)使農(nong)(nong)場(chang)甩掉包(bao)(bao)袱并(bing)擺脫了(le)(le)(le)(le)困(kun)境，因而很(hen)快在墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)和(he)全國(guo)農(nong)(nong)墾(ken)系統推行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，從而把(ba)墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)推向了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)階段(duan)。四(si)(si)是(shi)啟動(dong)實施國(guo)家(jia)100億斤商(shang)品(pin)糧基地建(jian)設(she)項(xiang)目。隨著“八五”計劃開始實施，憑借著改(gai)革(ge)開放煥發(fa)出的(de)(de)(de)生機與活(huo)力，墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)肩(jian)負起了(le)(le)(le)(le)建(jian)設(she)國(guo)家(jia)100億斤商(shang)品(pin)糧基地的(de)(de)(de)歷史重(zhong)任(ren)。這是(shi)列(lie)入(ru)國(guo)家(jia)“八五”計劃的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)點建(jian)設(she)項(xiang)目，也(ye)是(shi)90年(nian)代墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)現(xian)代化建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)項(xiang)標(biao)(biao)志性工(gong)程。這個重(zhong)點建(jian)設(she)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)完成(cheng)，意味著墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)糧食(shi)生產(chan)登上(shang)(shang)了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個新(xin)臺階，用10年(nian)時間達到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)過去40年(nian)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)達到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)水平；標(biao)(biao)志著墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)社(she)會生產(chan)力提高(gao)到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個新(xin)階段(duan)，創造出了(le)(le)(le)(le)國(guo)內(nei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)流的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)勞(lao)動(dong)生產(chan)率(lv)和(he)糧食(shi)商(shang)品(pin)率(lv)水平。

開拓前進階段

這個階(jie)段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要特點是(shi)(shi)：墾(ken)區上下進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)解放(fang)思想，開(kai)拓進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)取(qu)，改革(ge)(ge)開(kai)放(fang)取(qu)得(de)新突破，現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)新跨(kua)越，推(tui)動(dong)經濟和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)會步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)入(ru)(ru)了(le)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)快(kuai)車(che)道(dao)。1995年12月初(chu)，總局(ju)黨(dang)(dang)委(wei)從墾(ken)情出(chu)(chu)(chu)發(fa)(fa)，研究確(que)定(ding)了(le)以(yi)(yi)堅持“三(san)轉、兩(liang)開(kai)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)打牢”，突出(chu)(chu)(chu)做好“四(si)篇文章”，精心(xin)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)“六(liu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)戰(zhan)略(lve)”為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要內容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墾(ken)區改革(ge)(ge)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)總體(ti)(ti)思路。黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)五(wu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)召開(kai)后，總局(ju)黨(dang)(dang)委(wei)著眼于新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)踐(jian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)確(que)提(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)跨(kua)世紀(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宏(hong)偉藍圖，對(dui)把(ba)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個什(shen)么(me)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墾(ken)區推(tui)向(xiang)21世紀(ji)(ji)這個重(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)問題做出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)莊嚴回答。“九五(wu)”以(yi)(yi)來，總局(ju)黨(dang)(dang)委(wei)把(ba)握時(shi)代(dai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)題，帶領墾(ken)區人(ren)民，面向(xiang)市(shi)場(chang)，迎(ying)接挑戰(zhan)，抓住機(ji)(ji)遇，開(kai)拓進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)取(qu)，不斷(duan)把(ba)墾(ken)區改革(ge)(ge)開(kai)放(fang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)推(tui)向(xiang)前(qian)(qian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。這個階(jie)段主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)在(zai)六(liu)個方(fang)面實(shi)現(xian)(xian)了(le)跨(kua)越式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)創(chuang)新取(qu)得(de)新進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)改革(ge)(ge)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，雙層經營體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)不斷(duan)完(wan)(wan)善。國(guo)有(you)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)改革(ge)(ge)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)三(san)年脫(tuo)困目標(biao)如期實(shi)現(xian)(xian)，中(zhong)小企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)權制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)改革(ge)(ge)基本推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)到(dao)(dao)位(wei)。管(guan)理體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)改革(ge)(ge)邁出(chu)(chu)(chu)重(zhong)要步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)伐(fa)，集團(tuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)運(yun)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)內部(bu)(bu)政(zheng)(zheng)企(qi)分開(kai)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)伐(fa)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯(xian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)。總局(ju)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)改革(ge)(ge)任務順利(li)(li)完(wan)(wan)成，社(she)會保(bao)障制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)、干(gan)部(bu)(bu)人(ren)事(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)事(shi)轉企(qi)改革(ge)(ge)取(qu)得(de)實(shi)質(zhi)性(xing)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。二(er)是(shi)(shi)戰(zhan)略(lve)性(xing)結(jie)構(gou)調整邁出(chu)(chu)(chu)新步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)伐(fa)。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要農(nong)(nong)(nong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)品種(zhong)調優(you)，優(you)質(zhi)品種(zhong)覆蓋(gai)率達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)90%以(yi)(yi)上。優(you)質(zhi)高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)經濟作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)面積明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯(xian)增加(jia)(jia)(jia)，綠色食品和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)有(you)機(ji)(ji)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)迅速(su)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。畜牧(mu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)呈現(xian)(xian)強勁(jing)勢頭，開(kai)始走上以(yi)(yi)質(zhi)量(liang)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)為中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軌道(dao)。第三(san)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)非國(guo)有(you)經濟快(kuai)速(su)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，非國(guo)有(you)經濟占全(quan)部(bu)(bu)經濟總量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比重(zhong)突破40%。三(san)是(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)新突破。通(tong)過(guo)加(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)戰(zhan)略(lve)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)集團(tuan)迅速(su)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)壯大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)。完(wan)(wan)達(da)(da)山(shan)乳(ru)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、九三(san)油(you)脂集團(tuan)成為國(guo)家級產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，省級產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)已發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)(dao)13家。龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與基地(di)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯結(jie)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)緊密(mi)，帶動(dong)了(le)墾(ken)區22萬(wan)(wan)個家庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)地(di)方(fang)2.3萬(wan)(wan)個農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶。“完(wan)(wan)達(da)(da)山(shan)”、“北大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒”等(deng)(deng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)知名品牌，在(zai)全(quan)國(guo)叫響并打入(ru)(ru)國(guo)際(ji)市(shi)場(chang)，在(zai)國(guo)內外(wai)(wai)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)占有(you)率大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)幅(fu)度(du)提(ti)高(gao)。四(si)是(shi)(shi)對(dui)外(wai)(wai)開(kai)放(fang)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)取(qu)得(de)新成效(xiao)(xiao)。積極開(kai)拓國(guo)際(ji)市(shi)場(chang)，產(chan)品出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)24個國(guo)家和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)地(di)區，出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)品種(zhong)達(da)(da)8大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)類103個。對(dui)外(wai)(wai)貿(mao)易穩(wen)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)外(wai)(wai)貿(mao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)總額4.5億美元。經貿(mao)合作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)成果(guo)(guo)豐(feng)碩，參加(jia)(jia)(jia)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)會和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)經貿(mao)洽談活動(dong)，簽訂經貿(mao)合作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)項(xiang)目5900多項(xiang)，總金額達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)580億元。外(wai)(wai)資(zi)(zi)利(li)(li)用規模逐(zhu)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，外(wai)(wai)資(zi)(zi)到(dao)(dao)位(wei)率已達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)53.5%。通(tong)過(guo)加(jia)(jia)(jia)快(kuai)對(dui)外(wai)(wai)開(kai)放(fang)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)了(le)墾(ken)區在(zai)國(guo)內外(wai)(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，樹立和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示了(le)北大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)荒集團(tuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新形象。五(wu)是(shi)(shi)小城鎮建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)各(ge)項(xiang)社(she)會事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)新發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。小城鎮建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)水平(ping)走在(zai)全(quan)省前(qian)(qian)列，促進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)二(er)三(san)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城鎮載體(ti)(ti)功能進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)完(wan)(wan)善，形成了(le)140多個設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)配套、功能完(wan)(wan)善、環境優(you)美的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新型農(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)城鎮。交通(tong)、通(tong)信(xin)、教育、衛(wei)生、文化(hua)(hua)(hua)、體(ti)(ti)育、新聞(wen)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)廣播電(dian)視等(deng)(deng)各(ge)項(xiang)社(she)會事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，政(zheng)(zheng)法、民政(zheng)(zheng)、信(xin)訪、統戰(zhan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)民兵等(deng)(deng)方(fang)面工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯(xian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強。六(liu)是(shi)(shi)黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)精神(shen)文明(ming)(ming)(ming)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)取(qu)得(de)新成果(guo)(guo)。通(tong)過(guo)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，各(ge)級領導(dao)班子建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)(ti)水平(ping)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯(xian)提(ti)高(gao)。精神(shen)文明(ming)(ming)(ming)創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)活動(dong)不斷(duan)深(shen)入(ru)(ru)，涌現(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)批(pi)省級文明(ming)(ming)(ming)單位(wei)標(biao)兵和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)文明(ming)(ming)(ming)單位(wei)。加(jia)(jia)(jia)強和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)改進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)思想政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，黨(dang)(dang)群干(gan)群關(guan)(guan)系進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)密(mi)切，民主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)法制(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯(xian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強。這個階(jie)段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墾(ken)區，得(de)天時(shi)，倚地(di)利(li)(li)，聚人(ren)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)局(ju)面安(an)定(ding)，社(she)會形勢穩(wen)定(ding)，人(ren)民安(an)居樂業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。廣大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)干(gan)部(bu)(bu)職工(gong)始終保(bao)持奮發(fa)(fa)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)取(qu)、昂揚向(xiang)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良好精神(shen)狀態，凝聚起了(le)自我(wo)加(jia)(jia)(jia)壓(ya)、負重(zhong)奮進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)、不甘(gan)人(ren)后、努力(li)(li)爭先和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)創(chuang)造性(xing)地(di)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偉大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)力(li)(li)量(liang)。