高其佩,生于清順治(zhi)十七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(1660),卒于雍(yong)正十二年(nian)(nian)(1734),一作(1672-1734),享年(nian)(nian)75歲。字韋之,亦書韋三(san),號且園(yuan),或書且道(dao)人,又號南村,鐵嶺(今(jin)屬(shu)遼寧(ning))人。工詩。他年(nian)(nian)輕時,學習傳統繪畫(hua),山水、人物受吳偉的影響,中年(nian)(nian)以(yi)后,開始用指(zhi)頭(tou)繪畫(hua),所畫(hua)花木、鳥獸、魚、龍和人物,無不簡恬生動。意趣昂然。還(huan)著有《且園(yuan)詩鈔》。
據(ju)《鐵嶺(ling)縣志》記載,他是名宦(huan)后裔,為清漢軍鑲白旗輕騎都(dou)尉高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)天爵(jue)的第五(wu)(wu)子,后因(yin)其兄高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)其位有(you)(you)(you)軍功,雍(yong)正皇帝特(te)嘉改漢軍鑲黃旗。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)其佩(pei)八歲學畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),遇(yu)稿輒模,積十(shi)余年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),盈(ying)二(er)(er)簏。隨(sui)叔(shu)父高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)承爵(jue)游(you)宦(huan)廣東,時廣東官(guan)衙(ya)內有(you)(you)(you)西席吳(wu)韋,能以指作畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)其佩(pei)受其影響較深。十(shi)七(qi)歲時喪(sang)父,由叔(shu)輩高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)承爵(jue)諸人撫養,未應科舉(ju),由祖蔭在康(kang)熙三(san)十(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1694年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),出(chu)任(ren)姚州牧,次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)轉任(ren)虞(yu)部(bu)郎(lang)(lang)(lang)。康(kang)熙四(si)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),(1701年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))受宿州知縣,兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后,內遷(qian)工(gong)部(bu)員(yuan)外郎(lang)(lang)(lang)。康(kang)熙四(si)十(shi)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1706年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))外放分巡浙江溫處道(dao),隨(sui)后,他在署(shu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)輕運使(shi)(shi)任(ren)中(zhong),因(yin)虧欠鹽課(ke)丟官(guan)。康(kang)熙五(wu)(wu)十(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1715年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)其佩(pei)重踏仕途(tu),出(chu)任(ren)四(si)川分巡川南水寧道(dao)達六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)久(jiu),直(zhi)到康(kang)熙五(wu)(wu)十(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1720年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),升(sheng)(sheng)任(ren)四(si)川按察使(shi)(shi),在成都(dou)任(ren)職。雍(yong)正元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1723)內遷(qian)光(guang)祿侍(shi)郎(lang)(lang)(lang),九月升(sheng)(sheng)刑(xing)部(bu)右(you)侍(shi)郎(lang)(lang)(lang)。第二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)升(sheng)(sheng)正紅旗漢軍都(dou)統,仍領刑(xing)部(bu)右(you)侍(shi)郎(lang)(lang)(lang)之(zhi)(zhi)銜。雍(yong)正五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1727)七(qi)月,因(yin)于刑(xing)部(bu)右(you)侍(shi)郎(lang)(lang)(lang)任(ren)內定讞中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)失,慘遭(zao)革(ge)職,從此(ci)脫離仕途(tu),時年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)六(liu)十(shi)七(qi)歲。他雖(sui)久(jiu)居他鄉,身游(you)宦(huan)海,但不忘故鄉,在畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)上常題有(you)(you)(you):“鐵嶺(ling)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)其佩(pei)指畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”、“鐵嶺(ling)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)七(qi)郎(lang)(lang)(lang)”、“鐵嶺(ling)古狂”,因(yin)此(ci)時人對其有(you)(you)(you)“高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)鐵嶺(ling)”之(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)。
高(gao)其(qi)佩晚年,指畫(hua)(hua)聲譽遠(yuan)播(bo)朝鮮,但他依然繪畫(hua)(hua)“甲殘至吮血,日匿頻燒燭”。雍正八年(1730),應(ying)詔圓明園(yuan)如(ru)意館作畫(hua)(hua)3年,創(chuang)作了《長江萬(wan)里圖(tu)》等細絹工筆畫(hua)(hua)。高(gao)秉《指頭畫(hua)(hua)說(shuo)》記載,高(gao)其(qi)佩曾為兵部尚書盧舜徒寫真,畫(hua)(hua)一立(li)像,高(gao)與(yu)真人(ren)相齊。畫(hua)(hua)成后,盧舜徒歡(huan)喜若(ruo)狂道(dao):“神乎技(ji)矣!進乎道(dao)矣!”
其(qi)作品(pin)有(you):《飽虎圖(tu)》、《雁(yan)行圖(tu)》、《怒容鐘馗圖(tu)》、《梧桐喜(xi)鵲(que)圖(tu)》、《虬松莫岫圖(tu)》、《高岡獨立(li)圖(tu)》、《稻穗(sui)螳螂圖(tu)》、《松陰(yin)小琪(qi)圖(tu)》、《指畫(hua)人物(wu)》冊(ce)(十頁)等。
高其(qi)(qi)佩“揚州八怪李鱓(shan)”之(zhi)(zhi)師。其(qi)(qi)藝術才(cai)華(hua)出(chu)眾,能(neng)詩(shi)、工畫,他(ta)在(zai)細(xi)絹(juan)上(shang)所描繪(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)亭臺樓閣、人(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)、花鳥、魚蟲等等,筆墨精細(xi),設色艷麗,精妙絕倫(lun)。他(ta)在(zai)臨摹了(le)大(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)前代名人(ren)(ren)(ren)作(zuo)品,打下了(le)深厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)根基之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou),開創(chuang)了(le)一條新(xin)路。大(da)(da)膽地創(chuang)造出(chu)了(le)別具情趣的(de)(de)(de)(de)“舍筆而(er)求之(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)手(shou)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)表現技法。秀水張浦山著的(de)(de)(de)(de)《國朝畫征錄(lu)》中記(ji)載(zai):“高且園(yuan)善(shan)指(zhi)畫,畫人(ren)(ren)(ren)、山水花鳥、魚蟲、鳥獸,天(tian)資超(chao)邁,情奇逸趣,信手(shou)而(er)得(de),四(si)方重之(zhi)(zhi)”。高其(qi)(qi)佩指(zhi)畫有(you)“叱(chi)石成羊”之(zhi)(zhi)妙,他(ta)創(chuang)作(zuo)山水、人(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)、花鳥、走獸時,均信手(shou)一揮而(er)就,“傾刻數(shu)(shu)十幅(fu),……無(wu)不(bu)(bu)絕人(ren)(ren)(ren)。”他(ta)一生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)畫數(shu)(shu)量是驚人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。正(zheng)如他(ta)侄孫高秉(bing)在(zai)《指(zhi)頭畫說》一文(wen)中所述:“自(zi)弱冠至七旬(xun),不(bu)(bu)下五、六萬幅(fu)”。可惜其(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)部分(fen)早已失傳。保存(cun)(cun)下來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)多藏(zang)于(yu)各地博物(wu)館(guan),鐵(tie)嶺縣文(wen)化館(guan)過去(qu)曾存(cun)(cun)有(you)春、夏、秋、冬四(si)幅(fu)《竹》。上(shang)海出(chu)版社出(chu)版的(de)(de)(de)(de)《高其(qi)(qi)佩》(楊仁(ren)愷著)一書,對(dui)(dui)他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活和創(chuang)作(zuo)道路做了(le)詳細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)論述,指(zhi)出(chu)他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)(da)貢獻是:“標題(ti)材之(zhi)(zhi)新(xin),立(li)結構之(zhi)(zhi)異,對(dui)(dui)當時和后(hou)(hou)來(lai)繪(hui)畫藝術都有(you)一定影響。”
工詩,著有《且園詩鈔》。