草(cao)蛉是(shi)昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)綱脈翅目中的(de)(de)一個大科，種類(lei)繁(fan)多，在我國(guo)大部分地區(qu)均有分布，是(shi)松(song)蚜、柳(liu)蚜、桃蚜、梨蚜等各類(lei)蚜蟲(chong)(chong)及(ji)松(song)干蚧的(de)(de)重要(yao)天敵昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)，對森林苗圃果園(yuan)農田中的(de)(de)蚜蟲(chong)(chong)蚧殼蟲(chong)(chong)種群(qun)數量(liang)的(de)(de)消長起(qi)著有效的(de)(de)抑(yi)制作(zuo)用(yong)。目前國(guo)內外生物(wu)防治工(gong)作(zuo)者對草(cao)蛉的(de)(de)種類(lei)、生物(wu)學特征及(ji)其保護利用(yong)展(zhan)開了(le)廣泛的(de)(de)研(yan)究。
草蛉分布(bu)廣(guang)泛(fan)，具(ju)有明顯的地(di)域性(xing)。由南(nan)向(xiang)北(bei)(bei)熱帶種(zhong)(zhong)類遞減，北(bei)(bei)方種(zhong)(zhong)類明顯增多(duo)，并且北(bei)(bei)方種(zhong)(zhong)類有明顯地(di)向(xiang)南(nan)擴(kuo)散的趨(qu)勢。在(zai)東部季風環流區(qu)，主(zhu)(zhu)要分布(bu)著熱帶種(zhong)(zhong)類、古北(bei)(bei)區(qu)與東洋區(qu)的過(guo)渡種(zhong)(zhong)類；在(zai)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)干旱區(qu)，以(yi)古北(bei)(bei)區(qu)種(zhong)(zhong)類為主(zhu)(zhu)。在(zai)青藏高原(yuan)地(di)區(qu)存在(zai)著一些特(te)殊(shu)類群(qun)，如多(duo)階草蛉等。
絹(juan)草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)屬(Ankylopteryx）主要分布(bu)在(zai)江西(xi)、湖北(bei)、湖南(nan)、福建、臺灣、廣(guang)東、海南(nan)、廣(guang)西(xi)、四(si)川、貴(gui)州(zhou)、云南(nan)。飾草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)屬(Semachrysa）分別分布(bu)于陜西(xi)、海南(nan)、臺灣、廣(guang)西(xi)、云南(nan)和西(xi)藏(zang)等地。草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)屬(Chrysopa）主要集中在(zai)北(bei)方地區，優(you)勢種也比較多，如麗草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)、葉色草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)、大(da)草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)及多斑草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)。
在(zai)不(bu)同地(di)域有不(bu)同的(de)優(you)勢(shi)種(zhong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)。北方棉區的(de)優(you)勢(shi)種(zhong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)主(zhu)要有中(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、麗(li)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、葉色草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、晉草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)(he)普(pu)通草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)等種(zhong)類(lei)。在(zai)南昌地(di)區常(chang)見(jian)的(de)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)種(zhong)類(lei)主(zhu)要有大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、中(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、普(pu)通草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、松氏通草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)等；在(zai)棉田和(he)(he)玉米地(di)以大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)(he)中(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)為主(zhu)，桃、梨、柑桔等果樹上則以普(pu)通草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)較(jiao)多，大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)(he)中(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)次之；蔬(shu)菜地(di)則大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)(he)中(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)較(jiao)多。云南省常(chang)見(jian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)種(zhong)類(lei)有大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、中(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)(he)麗(li)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)，在(zai)煙草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)田以大(da)(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)數(shu)(shu)量較(jiao)多，中(zhong)華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和(he)(he)麗(li)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)的(de)數(shu)(shu)量較(jiao)少(shao)。
卵：橢圓形，長徑1mm左右(you)，一般多呈綠色或草綠色，卵的(de)基部有(you)一根富有(you)彈(dan)形的(de)絲柄，以絲柄附著于植物的(de)枝條葉片和樹皮(pi)上(shang)。
幼蟲：多呈(cheng)紡錘形，體色(se)(se)通常為黃褐(he)(he)色(se)(se)，灰褐(he)(he)色(se)(se)或赤褐(he)(he)色(se)(se)。頭上(shang)有黑褐(he)(he)色(se)(se)斑紋(wen)，口器為一對(dui)強大彎管，前口式，胸(xiong)部各節生(sheng)有大小不同的(de)毛瘤。有發達的(de)胸(xiong)足三對(dui)，幼蟲行動(dong)活潑。
蛹(yong)：裸(luo)蛹(yong)，黃綠色，橢圓形，長12mm左(zuo)右，卷曲在白色絲質繭中。
成蟲(chong)：體形(xing)中等、細長、柔弱，一般蟲(chong)體和(he)翅(chi)脈多為(wei)(wei)綠色(se)。咀嚼式口器。觸角細長。呈線狀(zhuang)(zhuang)。復眼發達，有金(jin)屬光澤。頭(tou)部常見(jian)黑褐色(se)斑紋(wen)，區(qu)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)唇基斑、頰斑、中斑、角上斑、角下斑和(he)后(hou)頭(tou)斑，頭(tou)斑的(de)數量和(he)位置是分(fen)種的(de)特征。翅(chi)二對，膜質(zhi)透明(ming)，前后(hou)翅(chi)的(de)形(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)及脈紋(wen)相(xiang)似，脈紋(wen)細而多呈網狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，在邊緣分(fen)叉。
草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)幼(you)蟲(chong)期(qi)共3齡，可捕(bu)食(shi)蚜(ya)(ya)蟲(chong)、介殼蟲(chong)、木虱(shi)、粉(fen)虱(shi)等昆蟲(chong)，捕(bu)食(shi)多種(zhong)昆蟲(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)卵和蛾類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幼(you)蟲(chong)，還(huan)可捕(bu)食(shi)昆蟲(chong)排泄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蜜露、植物(wu)(wu)蜜腺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分泌物(wu)(wu)和花粉(fen)。草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)幼(you)蟲(chong)有自相(xiang)殘(can)殺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習性，在(zai)食(shi)料(liao)不足(zu)情(qing)況(kuang)下，自相(xiang)殘(can)殺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習性表現得更(geng)為(wei)嚴(yan)重。處在(zai)狹小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)間里草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)幼(you)蟲(chong)之間會有較(jiao)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)互(hu)干擾(rao)和競爭(zheng)作用。在(zai)同一環境下，1頭(tou)葉(xie)色(se)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)2齡幼(you)蟲(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可捕(bu)食(shi)棉蚜(ya)(ya)39.5頭(tou)，而2 頭(tou)幼(you)蟲(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)捕(bu)食(shi)量僅(jin)為(wei)60.5頭(tou)。在(zai)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)充足(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，2種(zhong)幼(you)蟲(chong)共存的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)會較(jiao)多，如(ru)果(guo)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)不足(zu)，會發(fa)生相(xiang)互(hu)殘(can)殺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。
草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)的成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲羽化后，必須補(bu)充營養(yang)方(fang)可產卵，主要取食花粉、花蜜和多種蟲卵。人工飼養(yang)時，若(ruo)食料不足(zu)，或密度過大(da)時，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲有(you)取食自(zi)產卵的習性(xing)，在饑餓時大(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲會咬食同(tong)種其他成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲。草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)的產卵前期(qi)因種類不同(tong)而有(you)差異(yi)(yi)，大(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)一般為(wei)8~10d，中(zhong)(zhong)華草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)為(wei)4~6d，普通草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)為(wei)5~7d，松(song)氏(shi)通草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)為(wei)7~8d。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲壽命(ming)長，大(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)一般30~45d，越(yue)冬(dong)代成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲有(you)的可達88d之久，中(zhong)(zhong)華草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)30~35d，普通草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)25~30d，松(song)氏(shi)通草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)28~39d。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲的產卵量因種類不同(tong)而異(yi)(yi)，據室內飼養(yang)觀察(cha)大(da)草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)產卵量最高，中(zhong)(zhong)華草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)和松(song)氏(shi)通草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)次(ci)之，普通草(cao)(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)最少。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲有(you)趨(qu)光(guang)性(xing)和趨(qu)青性(xing)。
草蛉幼蟲因(yin)有(you)相互殘殺的(de)(de)(de)習性，在人(ren)工(gong)(gong)飼(si)養(yang)的(de)(de)(de)容器內一般(ban)放有(you)隔離物，減少幼蟲間的(de)(de)(de)相互接觸和(he)殘殺。草蛉的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)飼(si)養(yang)飼(si)料(liao)，可以選用米(mi)蛾卵或人(ren)工(gong)(gong)配(pei)(pei)制的(de)(de)(de)粉飼(si)料(liao)如(ru)發面干粉、蜂蜜、蔗糖(tang)等。Vanderzant報道了普(pu)通(tong)草嶺幼蟲的(de)(de)(de)液體飼(si)料(liao)，以酪蛋白(bai)水解(jie)(jie)(jie)液和(he)大(da)豆水解(jie)(jie)(jie)液為主(zhu)，后來對(dui)配(pei)(pei)方進行了一系(xi)列改進，并對(dui)該飼(si)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)營養(yang)學方面進行了分析。啤酒酵母水解(jie)(jie)(jie)物、酪蛋白(bai)水解(jie)(jie)(jie)物和(he)雞蛋黃配(pei)(pei)成的(de)(de)(de)液體飼(si)料(liao)為另一種飼(si)料(liao)。
飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)時，先集(ji)中(zhong)用(yong)15%蜂蜜水飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)4~5d，待成(cheng)熟和交尾(wei)后(hou)，再移入產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)盒中(zhong)，讓其產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)。用(yong)啤酒(jiu)酵母(mu)—蔗(zhe)糖干粉(fen)(fen)飼(si)(si)料飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)大草蛉成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)，能夠產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)，成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)成(cheng)活率(lv)與(yu)以(yi)蚜(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)成(cheng)活率(lv)相比(bi)差異不(bu)顯著(zhu)；與(yu)粉(fen)(fen)狀飼(si)(si)料飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)大草蛉相比(bi)，用(yong)啤酒(jiu)酵母(mu)—蔗(zhe)糖半固體(ti)狀飼(si)(si)料飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)大草蛉產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)前(qian)(qian)期(qi)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)期(qi)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)量(liang)(liang)等方面都有(you)顯著(zhu)改善，啤酒(jiu)酵母(mu)—蔗(zhe)糖半固體(ti)狀飼(si)(si)料中(zhong)添(tian)加(jia)酵母(mu)水解物(wu)后(hou)，成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)前(qian)(qian)期(qi)有(you)所(suo)縮短、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)量(liang)(liang)和所(suo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)的(de)(de)受精率(lv)提高、平均產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)期(qi)顯著(zhu)延長，卵(luan)(luan)(luan)的(de)(de)孵化率(lv)明顯提高，與(yu)用(yong)蚜(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)大草蛉相比(bi)差異不(bu)顯著(zhu)。由于成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)會(hui)取食自產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)，所(suo)以(yi)要經常檢(jian)查產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)盒，發現(xian)有(you)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)箔要及時取出(chu)，一般1d取1次，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)盛期(qi)1d取2次。取下的(de)(de)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)箔按產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)日期(qi)集(ji)中(zhong)一起，或繼(ji)續(xu)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，或冷藏保存備用(yong)。
1975年開(kai)始(shi)試驗用(yong)中華草蛉防治果(guo)樹(shu)紅(hong)蜘蛛為害(hai)，不(bu)(bu)斷地(di)(di)進行(xing)室內人工飼(si)養和野外釋(shi)放工作，至1977年將防治面積擴大到90余公(gong)頃。通過釋(shi)放草蛉卵，有(you)效(xiao)地(di)(di)控制了(le)果(guo)樹(shu)紅(hong)蜘蛛的為害(hai)，不(bu)(bu)但減少了(le)農(nong)藥使用(yong)次數，節(jie)省了(le)開(kai)支和勞力，而且提高了(le)防治效(xiao)果(guo)和減少了(le)對環境的污染。
草(cao)蛉適于在(zai)(zai)野外進行(xing)人(ren)工(gong)釋放，在(zai)(zai)溫(wen)室(shi)和暖棚內，同樣(yang)有著(zhu)明(ming)顯的治蟲效果。例如1977年，在(zai)(zai)北京四季青(qing)公社(she)試驗站，利(li)用人(ren)工(gong)飼養的中(zhong)華(hua)草(cao)蛉防(fang)治溫(wen)室(shi)內為害(hai)黃瓜的瓜白粉(fen)虱(shi)，取得了良好防(fang)治效果。
草(cao)蛉能有(you)效地(di)消(xiao)滅(mie)很多種類的農業害蟲，是一類重要(yao)的天敵昆(kun)蟲，開展對該物種的人(ren)工繁殖、飼養(yang)工作早(zao)被提到日程上來。有(you)計劃地(di)把人(ren)工伺(si)養(yang)的草(cao)蛉釋放到田間，達(da)到消(xiao)滅(mie)害蟲的目(mu)的，更(geng)是成果輝煌。
中國河南省某地，曾在棉田(tian)中釋放草蛉防治棉鈴蟲，四五天便使(shi)棉鈴蟲的卵和幼蟲減退了80%。
21世紀初，草蛉作為天敵昆(kun)蟲的(de)研究，仍在(zai)各地(di)不斷地(di)開展，在(zai)技(ji)術方法上(shang)和(he)滅蟲效果(guo)上(shang)都(dou)不斷地(di)取得了新的(de)成果(guo)。
草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)是(shi)(shi)全變態昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，一生中有卵、幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、蛹(yong)和(he)成蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)四種不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)形態，在(zai)卵期(qi)和(he)蛹(yong)期(qi)的(de)(de)草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)不(bu)(bu)能取食，捕(bu)食主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)成蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)時期(qi)，其(qi)中尤以幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期(qi)捕(bu)食量大(da)，是(shi)(shi)消滅害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)主要(yao)時期(qi)。草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)長得丑陋，捕(bu)食兇猛，人們把(ba)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期(qi)的(de)(de)草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)又叫做蚜獅(shi)。蚜獅(shi)十分活躍，雖然沒(mei)有翅膀，不(bu)(bu)能隨意飛翔，但(dan)卻能不(bu)(bu)停地在(zai)植物上(shang)(shang)爬行，到(dao)處尋找害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)捕(bu)食。蚜獅(shi)捕(bu)食害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)或蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)卵，主要(yao)的(de)(de)武(wu)器是(shi)(shi)生在(zai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)前(qian)方的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)、下(xia)顎(e)，每(mei)當其(qi)發現目(mu)標后，會(hui)張開上(shang)(shang)、下(xia)顎(e)，把(ba)目(mu)標緊緊地夾住。上(shang)(shang)、下(xia)顎(e)上(shang)(shang)生有可(ke)(ke)以使消化液流到(dao)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)體(ti)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)細(xi)溝，能溶解(jie)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)身體(ti)的(de)(de)液體(ti)順著顎(e)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)細(xi)溝流到(dao)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)體(ti)上(shang)(shang)，害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)身體(ti)的(de)(de)組織會(hui)被(bei)溶解(jie)，而溶解(jie)的(de)(de)液體(ti)又馬上(shang)(shang)被(bei)蚜獅(shi)吸(xi)(xi)到(dao)肚(du)子里(li)。如此，一頭(tou)(tou)(tou)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)最(zui)后只(zhi)剩下(xia)了(le)一張空殼(ke)。每(mei)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)蚜獅(shi)一天可(ke)(ke)以吸(xi)(xi)食百(bai)十頭(tou)(tou)(tou)蚜蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。有趣(qu)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)有的(de)(de)種類象(xiang)亞(ya)非草(cao)蛉(ling)(ling)等，每(mei)當把(ba)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)吃盡吸(xi)(xi)光后，還把(ba)吸(xi)(xi)空的(de)(de)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)體(ti)殼(ke)背在(zai)背上(shang)(shang)，不(bu)(bu)停地行走。據(ju)統計，一頭(tou)(tou)(tou)蚜獅(shi)在(zai)整個幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期(qi)消滅的(de)(de)蚜蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)平(ping)均可(ke)(ke)在(zai)七八(ba)百(bai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)以上(shang)(shang)！
草蛉是(shi)多食(shi)性昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，除捕食(shi)多種(zhong)軟(ruan)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)螨類(lei)外，也(ye)取食(shi)昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)排出的(de)(de)(de)蜜露、植物(wu)蜜腺的(de)(de)(de)分泌物(wu)和(he)花(hua)粉等(deng)(deng)。所捕食(shi)的(de)(de)(de)昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)包括同翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(蚜蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、介殼(ke)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、粉虱(shi)、木虱(shi)、葉(xie)蟬等(deng)(deng))，纓(ying)翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(薊馬(ma))，鱗翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(蝶和(he)蛾類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)卵和(he)小幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong))，鞘翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(葉(xie)甲等(deng)(deng)甲蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)卵和(he)幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong))，膜翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(葉(xie)蜂的(de)(de)(de)卵)等(deng)(deng)許多重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)林害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。但也(ye)捕食(shi)一小部分益蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，如雙翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)食(shi)蚜蠅(卵和(he)幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong))以及脈翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)粉蛉(幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)蛹)等(deng)(deng)，甚至可以同類(lei)互相殘殺，這點在飼養時是(shi)需要特別注意的(de)(de)(de)。
草(cao)蛉(ling)的(de)食(shi)量是較大的(de)，從(cong)文獻中可(ke)以(yi)(yi)舉出(chu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些實例(li)：大蚜(ya)獅(即大草(cao)蛉(ling))幼蟲(chong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)生(8一(yi)(yi)(yi)10天(tian))可(ke)食(shi)蚜(ya)蟲(chong)677.6頭(tou)(tou)，成蟲(chong)(5一(yi)(yi)(yi)8天(tian))平(ping)均可(ke)食(shi)蚜(ya)488.22頭(tou)(tou)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)世代每個(ge)草(cao)嶺(ling)平(ping)均能(neng)消滅1041.44頭(tou)(tou)蚜(ya)蟲(chong)。但也有的(de)報告，食(shi)蚜(ya)量要低的(de)多。九紋草(cao)蛉(ling)(即麗(li)草(cao)蛉(ling)）一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)幼蟲(chong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)生(15天(tian))平(ping)均食(shi)菜蚜(ya)Brevicoryne brassicae L.2,077頭(tou)(tou),一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)成蟲(chong)則食(shi)蚜(ya)達4,000頭(tou)(tou)以(yi)(yi)上。
普通草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)吃(chi)(chi)介(jie)殼蟲(chong)的(de)記(ji)錄也是驚人的(de)，在(zai)(zai)我國臺(tai)灣省，一(yi)個(ge)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)可(ke)吃(chi)(chi)3,780頭(tou)介(jie)殼蟲(chong)；在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)東，一(yi)個(ge)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)14天吃(chi)(chi)介(jie)殼蟲(chong)(Massococcus sp.)的(de)卵(luan)6,457粒。在(zai)(zai)法(fa)國，普通草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)捕食多種葡萄(tao)害蟲(chong)，一(yi)個(ge)蚜(ya)獅至成長(chang)可(ke)以吃(chi)(chi)葡萄(tao)綴穗蛾Polychrotisbotrana Schiff的(de)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)60頭(tou)。
農藥(yao)(yao)的種類(lei)及使用劑(ji)(ji)量對(dui)(dui)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)有(you)一定的影響。草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)對(dui)(dui)有(you)機(ji)氯(lv)(lv)、菊(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)農藥(yao)(yao)等的耐受力(li)(li)(li)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)強，但是(shi)對(dui)(dui)有(you)機(ji)磷、氨基甲酸醋類(lei)農藥(yao)(yao)敏(min)感(gan)；幼期(qi)比成(cheng)蟲(chong)的耐藥(yao)(yao)力(li)(li)(li)強。微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)殺蟲(chong)劑(ji)(ji)、植物(wu)提(ti)取物(wu)、殺螨(man)劑(ji)(ji)和(he)殺菌劑(ji)(ji)對(dui)(dui)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)的生(sheng)長發育和(he)生(sheng)殖力(li)(li)(li)等無明顯的影響。滅幼脲Ⅰ號(hao)(hao)和(he)滅幼脲Ⅱ號(hao)(hao)對(dui)(dui)中華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)成(cheng)蟲(chong)的致(zhi)(zhi)死作(zuo)用較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小，但可(ke)導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)蟲(chong)不育，對(dui)(dui)幼蟲(chong)和(he)卵(luan)有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)強的致(zhi)(zhi)死作(zuo)用。抑(yi)太(tai)保則(ze)對(dui)(dui)中華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)嶺成(cheng)蟲(chong)有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)強的致(zhi)(zhi)死作(zuo)用。擬(ni)除蟲(chong)菊(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)藥(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)中的三(san)氟氯(lv)(lv)氰菊(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)(dui)中華(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)蛉(ling)的毒力(li)(li)(li)高出氰戊菊(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)44~81倍。
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