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基本介紹

泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會(hui)于每年(nian)3月(yue)(yue)31日至5月(yue)(yue)7日舉(ju)辦。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)帝的(de)(de)誕辰是3月(yue)(yue)28日，自(zi)宋朝起，每年(nian)此時(shi)(shi)立泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會(hui)，以祭東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)帝地點在(zai)(zai)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)即岱廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)除祭祈(qi)活(huo)動外(wai)，后世(shi)逐漸(jian)增加了(le)(le)商(shang)貿、娛(yu)樂活(huo)動等內(nei)容(rong)，服務于來(lai)自(zi)四(si)面八方(fang)的(de)(de)朝拜(bai)者。《水(shui)滸傳》中燕青打擂(lei)就是在(zai)(zai)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會(hui)上。另(ling)外(wai)元君生日為4月(yue)(yue)28日，與東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)帝生日僅僅晚一個月(yue)(yue)，而(er)且后世(shi)碧霞元君的(de)(de)影(ying)響超過了(le)(le)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)帝，因此東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會(hui)拖長了(le)(le)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，增加了(le)(le)祭祀碧霞元君的(de)(de)內(nei)容(rong)。文革期間(jian)(jian)一度(du)取消了(le)(le)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會(hui)現(xian)在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會(hui)會(hui)期在(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)6日至12日，一般在(zai)(zai)岱宗坊西側(ce)的(de)(de)廣場舉(ju)行。廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會(hui)內(nei)容(rong)除正常的(de)(de)宗教活(huo)動以外(wai)，主要是經(jing)貿活(huo)動、旅游(you)觀(guan)光和文化娛(yu)樂近年(nian)來(lai)，八方(fang)人士(shi)紛至沓來(lai)，國(guo)外(wai)客(ke)(ke)商(shang)及(ji)游(you)客(ke)(ke)也不(bu)斷增加。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)突出民(min)俗宗教文化，全(quan)方(fang)位地挖掘和展(zhan)示(shi)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)千年(nian)歷史積淀(dian)。從獨具魅力的(de)(de)民(min)間(jian)(jian)曲藝(yi)到驚心動魄的(de)(de)游(you)藝(yi)競技，從多(duo)姿多(duo)彩的(de)(de)民(min)間(jian)(jian)工藝(yi)到新穎時(shi)(shi)尚的(de)(de)旅游(you)商(shang)品，從祈(qi)福(fu)納(na)祥的(de)(de)拜(bai)山(shan)(shan)儀式到古代帝王的(de)(de)封禪大(da)(da)典，游(you)客(ke)(ke)置身其中，宛(wan)如進入了(le)(le)民(min)俗文化的(de)(de)大(da)(da)觀(guan)園。整個廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會(hui)將持續一個多(duo)月(yue)(yue)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。

景點景觀

東岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)以“逛東岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)，覽民(min)(min)間風(feng)情”為主題，深入挖掘東岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)的文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)內涵，旨在豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)(fu)游(you)(you)(you)(you)客(ke)和(he)城鄉居民(min)(min)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)生活(huo)(huo)，打造“民(min)(min)俗(su)泰(tai)(tai)安(an)，購(gou)物泰(tai)(tai)安(an)，美(mei)(mei)食(shi)泰(tai)(tai)安(an)；文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)，吉(ji)祥泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)，祈福泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)”旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)形象，營(ying)造歡(huan)快(kuai)(kuai)祥和(he)的節日氛圍，進(jin)一步(bu)提高泰(tai)(tai)安(an)、泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)的知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)度和(he)吸引(yin)力，促進(jin)經濟(ji)社(she)會(hui)又(you)快(kuai)(kuai)又(you)好地發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。配(pei)合國(guo)家旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)局推(tui)(tui)出(chu)的中國(guo)鄉村游(you)(you)(you)(you)主題活(huo)(huo)動，按照(zhao)“貼近民(min)(min)間，貼近企(qi)(qi)(qi)業，貼近游(you)(you)(you)(you)客(ke)”三個貼近和(he)“突出(chu)民(min)(min)俗(su)宗教文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)，突出(chu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業社(she)區文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)，突出(chu)購(gou)物美(mei)(mei)食(shi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)”三個突出(chu)的原則，本屆東岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)共(gong)安(an)排了十(shi)二大(da)(da)(da)項活(huo)(huo)動，在活(huo)(huo)動的組織形式和(he)內容上都將(jiang)有所創新。于4月12日在天(tian)外(wai)村廣場舉行的開幕式將(jiang)上演獨具泰(tai)(tai)安(an)、泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)特色的民(min)(min)俗(su)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)表演。在泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)王母池蟠桃會(hui)和(he)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)碧霞祠祈福迎(ying)祥大(da)(da)(da)法會(hui)上可以領略到(dao)泰(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)宗教的獨特魅力。除豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)(fu)多彩的民(min)(min)俗(su)活(huo)(huo)動外(wai)，我市還將(jiang)舉辦春季旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)聯誼會(hui)，邀請(qing)國(guo)內重點旅(lv)(lv)行社(she)、媒體記者、周邊大(da)(da)(da)型企(qi)(qi)(qi)業和(he)高校相關負責(ze)人(ren)前來(lai)考察景點，開展(zhan)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)業務洽談。在中國(guo)泰(tai)(tai)安(an)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)投資(zi)合作洽談會(hui)上國(guo)內外(wai)知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)服務企(qi)(qi)(qi)業和(he)國(guo)內投資(zi)開發(fa)(fa)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業負責(ze)人(ren)將(jiang)共(gong)商旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)大(da)(da)(da)計。泰(tai)(tai)安(an)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)(you)(you)購(gou)物美(mei)(mei)食(shi)節將(jiang)開展(zhan)美(mei)(mei)食(shi)大(da)(da)(da)賽(sai)，推(tui)(tui)出(chu)豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)(fu)多彩的珍(zhen)饈美(mei)(mei)饌，以滿足市民(min)(min)與(yu)游(you)(you)(you)(you)客(ke)美(mei)(mei)食(shi)需求(qiu)。

歷史沿革

孔夫子(zi)編定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《詩經》中有“太(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖巖，魯(lu)邦所瞻”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩句，漢(han)武(wu)帝(di)(di)劉徹曾面(mian)(mian)對(dui)(dui)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)發出(chu)“ 高(gao)矣，極矣，大(da)矣，特矣，赫矣，駭(hai)矣，惑矣”，的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感嘆。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家之(zhi)人(ren)對(dui)(dui)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)情有所鐘(zhong)。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)與仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有緣，仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有關。《說(shuo)文》云(yun)：“仚(xian)（即仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)），人(ren)在山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)貌，從(cong)(cong)人(ren)從(cong)(cong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。”《釋名》曰(yue)：“老而不(bu)(bu)(bu)死曰(yue)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，遷也(ye)，遷入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也(ye)，故制字(zi)人(ren)傍山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也(ye)。”要想得道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，就(jiu)必須入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)修(xiu)煉(lian)。戰國時(shi)(shi)期，方(fang)(fang)土(tu)黃伯陽隱居(ju)于(yu)(yu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)鹿町巖洞修(xiu)煉(lian)，后(hou)(hou)人(ren)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)“黃伯陽洞”。秦始(shi)(shi)皇(huang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)封(feng)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)時(shi)(shi)，曾條算訪仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)羨門(men)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蹤跡；又傳說(shuo)秦始(shi)(shi)皇(huang)求(qiu)見修(xiu)煉(lian)于(yu)(yu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)南仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)期山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，“與語(yu)三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)而去 ”。漢(han)武(wu)帝(di)(di)對(dui)(dui)李(li)(li)少君提出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“修(xiu)煉(lian)、封(feng)禪(chan)、長(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)”三(san)者(zhe)(zhe)融(rong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建議(yi)極感興(xing)趣，一(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)七(qi)(qi)次到(dao)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符箓有“五岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)真(zhen)形(xing)之(zhi)圖(tu)(tu)”而東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)真(zhen)形(xing)列其首，東(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)塑(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《五岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)真(zhen)圖(tu)(tu)序(xu)》說(shuo)：“東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)君領群(qun)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)五千九百(bai)人(ren)，……泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)君青(qing)(qing)服青(qing)(qing)袍，戴蒼碧七(qi)(qi)稱之(zhi)冠，佩通陽太(tai)平之(zhi)印，乘青(qing)(qing)龍(long)從(cong)(cong)群(qun)官來迎子(zi)”。魏晉(jin)時(shi)(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曹植，多次登(deng)臨(lin)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，留下了(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)少求(qiu)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)問(wen)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩篇：“ 仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)攬(lan)六著，對(dui)(dui)博泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)隅”；“驅風游五海(hai)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)王(wang)母(mu)廬；俯視五岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)間，人(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)如(ru)(ru)寄(ji)居(ju)”《仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)篇》。“晨游泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，云(yun)霧窈窕”； “西登(deng)玉樓(lou)，金樓(lou)復道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)；授(shou)我仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)藥，神皇(huang)所造(zao)；教我服食，還精補腦(nao)”。《飛龍(long)篇》李(li)(li)唐王(wang)朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高(gao)統(tong)治(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)認道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創始(shi)(shi)人(ren)老子(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)祖宗(zong)，道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)教活(huo)動(dong)更加(jia)興(xing)盛。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳下有座道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)觀(guan)名曰(yue)“岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)”，傳為(wei)(wei)(wei)黃帝(di)(di)時(shi)(shi)始(shi)(shi)建，（李(li)(li)諤《瑤池記(ji)》）唐朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高(gao)統(tong)治(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)多次遣(qian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)士致祭(ji)，原勒于(yu)(yu)岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)唐《雙束碑》為(wei)(wei)(wei)我們提供了(le)(le)這方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資料(liao)。其一(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，唐高(gao)宗(zong)顯(xian)慶(qing)六年(nian)（公(gong)元661年(nian)，即武(wu)則天攝政(zheng)第(di)二(er)(er)年(nian)）二(er)(er)月(yue)二(er)(er)十二(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，“敕(chi)使東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)先生(sheng)(sheng)郭行真(zhen)，弟子(zi)陳(chen)蘭茂、杜知古、馬(ma)知止，奉(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)后(hou)(hou)七(qi)(qi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，造(zao)塑(su)像(xiang)一(yi)驅，二(er)(er)真(zhen)人(ren)夾侍(shi)。”再(zai)者(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)唐睿(rui)宗(zong)手敕(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刻辭(ci)文字(zi)，講的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是睿(rui)宗(zong)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)遣(qian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)士楊(yang)太(tai)希(xi)到(dao)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)燒香(xiang)事(shi)，辭(ci)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)：“景云(yun)二(er)(er)年(nian)（公(gong)元771年(nian)）六月(yue)二(er)(er)十三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，皇(huang)帝(di)(di)敬(jing)憑太(tai)清觀(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)士楊(yang)太(tai)希(xi)，于(yu)(yu)名山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)斫燒香(xiang)供養。惟靈蘊秘(mi)凝(ning)真(zhen)，含幽綜妙，類高(gao)旻之(zhi)亭育，同厚載(zai)之(zhi)陶(tao)鈞。蓄池煙云(yun)，蔽虧(kui)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)，五芝標(biao)秀(xiu)，八(ba)(ba)桂(gui)流芳，翠嶺萬尋，青(qing)(qing)溪(xi)千仞(ren)。蟣裳戾止，恒(heng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)碧落之(zhi)庭；鶴架來游，即是玉京(jing)之(zhi)域(yu)。百(bai)祥(xiang)覃于(yu)(yu)遠邇，五福被于(yu)(yu)黎(li)元，往帝(di)(di)所以馳心，前王(wang)由其載(zai)想。朕恭庸寶位(wei)，嗣(si)守昌(chang)圖(tu)(tu)，恐百(bai)姓之(zhi)守，廣八(ba)(ba)方(fang)(fang)之(zhi)未泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。式陳(chen)香(xiang)薦(jian)，用表深忠，實冀明靈，降茲(zi)休祉(zhi)。所愿從(cong)(cong)茲(zi)以后(hou)(hou)，浹宇常安(an)；朕躬男女六姻，永保如(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)壽；國朝官僚萬姓，長(chang)符擊壤之(zhi)歡；鳥魚遂性(xing)于(yu)(yu)飛沉，夷狹歸心于(yu)(yu)邊(bian)徼。實希(xi)靈鑒，用副翹誠(cheng)，今(jin)因(yin)煉(lian)師遣(qian)此(ci)(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)悉(xi)”。有唐一(yi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)，岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)齋(zhai)醮活(huo)動(dong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷，善(shan)男信女云(yun)集，由此(ci)(ci)逐漸形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟會(hui)。有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究者(zhe)(zhe)將顯(xian)慶(qing)六年(nian)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)造(zao)像(xiang)事(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)而七(qi)(qi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齋(zhai)醮活(huo)動(dong)視為(wei)(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟會(hui)正式出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)志（袁愛國：《泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟會(hui)考識》，《民俗(su)研(yan)究》1988年(nian)第(di)4期），應該說(shuo)信仰(yang)有道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)值(zhi)得注(zhu)意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是，對(dui)(dui)岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)神像(xiang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)可能(neng)年(nian)年(nian)都慶(qing)賀(he)一(yi)番，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)唐代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟會(hui)應是隨齋(zhai)醮活(huo)動(dong)而成(cheng)(cheng)會(hui)，也(ye)就(jiu)是說(shuo)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟會(hui)尚(shang)無定制，廟會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規模也(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)太(tai)大(da)。只(zhi)是到(dao)了(le)(le)宋代(dai)(dai)(dai)，把慶(qing)賀(he)東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誕辰(chen)（三(san)月(yue)二(er)(er)十八(ba)(ba)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)）作為(wei)(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要內容，明代(dai)(dai)(dai)又增加(jia)了(le)(le)慶(qing)賀(he)碧霞元君誕辰(chen)（四月(yue)十八(ba)(ba)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)動(dong)，這樣(yang)就(jiu)大(da)體界定了(le)(le)一(yi)年(nian)一(yi)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會(hui)期時(shi)(shi)間。

泰山東岳廟會2

泰(tai)山神(shen)(shen)東(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的身世眾(zhong)說紛紜，但(dan)泰(tai)山神(shen)(shen)東(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)倍受信仰是(shi)崇拜則是(shi)事實。有(you)(you)謂東(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)君“至(zhi)神(shen)(shen)農(nong)朝(chao)，賜天(tian)(tian)符都官號(hao)名府君，至(zhi)漢明帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)封泰(tai)山元帥(shuai)”（《三(san)教源流(liu)大(da)全》），這說明至(zhi)少到漢代(dai)(dai)(dai)，東(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)就有(you)(you)封號(hao)了。唐(tang)末時期，是(shi)東(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)最為(wei)(wei)顯赫的時期，有(you)(you)唐(tang)一(yi)代(dai)(dai)(dai)，先(xian)后有(you)(you)封號(hao)“天(tian)(tian)中王(wang)”、“天(tian)(tian)齊(qi)君”、“天(tian)(tian)齊(qi)王(wang)”、宋真宗朝(chao)，先(xian)加號(hao)為(wei)(wei)“仁圣天(tian)(tian)齊(qi)王(wang)”，后加封為(wei)(wei)“天(tian)(tian)齊(qi)仁圣帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”。東(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)不僅是(shi)神(shen)(shen)界之(zhi)神(shen)(shen)，而(er)且(qie)還成了人(ren)(ren)間帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)王(wang)，有(you)(you)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)曰(yue)淑(shu)明，有(you)(you)子(zi)曰(yue)三(san)郎、四郎、七(qi)郎。宋真宗封禪泰(tai)山時，定(ding)東(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的生日為(wei)(wei)三(san)月(yue)二十八日（如《水(shui)滸傳》第七(qi)十三(san)回講“三(san)月(yue)二十八日，天(tian)(tian)齊(qi)圣帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)降(jiang)誕之(zhi)辰”），并決定(ding)年年慶賀，因而(er)也(ye)(ye)就使泰(tai)山廟會形成了定(ding)制，廟會的地(di)點也(ye)(ye)由唐(tang)代(dai)(dai)(dai)時的岱岳(yue)觀一(yi)帶改名為(wei)(wei)東(dong)岳(yue)廟（主(zhu)祀東(dong)岳(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)）了。

東(dong)岳廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)或(huo)謂泰山(shan)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，即岱廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)是也。岱廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)于何(he)時，有(you)(you)(you)人以岱廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)內《大(da)(da)宋(song)天貺殿(dian)碑銘》中有(you)(you)(you)“秦既(ji)作疇”、“漢亦起宮”，為(wei)據推斷創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)于秦漢之(zhi)(zhi)際；也有(you)(you)(you)人則認為(wei)稍晚一些(xie)。拋開(kai)“創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)”問題(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)論，唐宋(song)時期已具有(you)(you)(you)相當(dang)規模則是有(you)(you)(you)據可(ke)查的(de)。《大(da)(da)宋(song)宣和重修泰岱廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)碑》記載：“ 增至宮宇”，“ 繚墻(qiang)外圍”，罡罳(si)分(fen)翼，巋然(ran)如御都紫(zi)極，望(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)者知之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)靈(ling)(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)宅(zhai)。凡殿(dian) 、寢、堂、閣(ge)、門、亭、庫(ku)、館、樓、觀(guan)(guan)、廊、廡(wu)，合八百(bai)一十(shi)(shi)盈”。以宋(song)代(dai)為(wei)背景(jing)的(de)《水(shui)滸傳》對岱廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)也有(you)(you)(you)著(zhu)精彩的(de)描寫：“廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)居岱岳，山(shan)鎮乾坤，為(wei)山(shan)岳之(zhi)(zhi)至尊，乃萬(wan)(wan)(wan)神(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)領袖。山(shan)頭伏檻，直望(wang)(wang)見弱水(shui)蓬萊；絕頂攀松，盡都是密云(yun)薄霧(wu)。樓臺森聳，疑是金(jin)烏展翅飛來；殿(dian)角棱層，定覺玉兔騰身走到。雕(diao)梁畫棟，碧瓦朱檐。鳳扉(fei)亮而映黃紗，龜背繡簾垂(chui)錦帶(dai)。遙觀(guan)(guan)圣像，九旒冕舜目堯(yao)眉；眉，近睹(du)神(shen)(shen)顏(yan)，兗龍袍(pao)湯肩禹背。九天司命，芙(fu)蓉冠掩(yan)映絳綃認，炳錄赫黃袍(pao)偏稱(cheng)藍田帶(dai)。左侍下玉簪珠履，右侍下紫(zi)綬金(jin)章。闔(he)殿(dian)威嚴，護(hu)駕(jia)三(san)千甲(jia)將；兩廊勇猛，勤王十(shi)(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)鐵衣(yi)兵。五(wu)(wu)岳樓相接東(dong)宮，仁安殿(dian)緊連北闕。蒿里山(shan)下，判官分(fen)七十(shi)(shi)二(er)司；白騾廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)中，土(tu)神(shen)(shen)按二(er)十(shi)(shi)四(si)氣。管火(huo)池，鐵面太(tai)尉月(yue)(yue)月(yue)(yue)通靈(ling)(ling)；掌生死，五(wu)(wu)道將軍年年顯(xian)圣。御香不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷，天神(shen)(shen)飛馬報丹書；祭祀(si)(si)依(yi)時，老(lao)幼望(wang)(wang)月(yue)(yue)祈獲福。嘉寧殿(dian)，祥云(yun)杳靄；正陽門，瑞氣盤旋。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)民朝拜碧霞君，四(si)方(fang)歸依(yi)仁圣帝。”以慶賀東(dong)岳大(da)(da)帝誕(dan)辰為(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)內容的(de)泰山(shan)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會，選址在(zai)主(zhu)祀(si)(si)東(dong)岳大(da)(da)帝的(de)東(dong)岳廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)（岱廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)）一帶(dai)是再(zai)妥當(dang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)過的(de)了。