朝鮮蒲(pu)公(gong)(gong)英(學名:Taraxacum coreanum)為(wei)菊科蒲(pu)公(gong)(gong)英屬的(de)植(zhi)物。分布(bu)在朝鮮、俄羅(luo)斯以及中國大(da)陸的(de)內蒙(meng)古、黑龍江、遼寧、河北(bei)、吉林等地(di),生(sheng)(sheng)長于海拔500米(mi)的(de)地(di)區,一(yi)般(ban)生(sheng)(sheng)于路邊(bian)、荒地(di)、田邊(bian)或陽坡,尚未由人工引種(zhong)栽培(pei)。
產黑龍江(jiang)、吉林、遼寧(ning)、內蒙古東部及(ji)河北。生于原野(ye)或路(lu)旁。朝(chao)鮮、俄羅(luo)斯也(ye)有分布。
多年生草本。
根圓錐形,褐色或深褐色。
葉倒披(pi)針形(xing)或(huo)線狀披(pi)針形(xing),長5-15厘米,寬2-5厘米,先端(duan)銳尖(jian),基部漸狹(xia)成柄,羽狀淺裂(lie)(lie)至深裂(lie)(lie),頂端(duan)裂(lie)(lie)片(pian)三(san)角(jiao)狀戟形(xing)、寬菱形(xing)或(huo)正三(san)角(jiao)形(xing),先端(duan)尖(jian),側裂(lie)(lie)片(pian)狹(xia)三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)或(huo)線形(xing),平展或(huo)倒向,全緣或(huo)常在裂(lie)(lie)片(pian)間夾有小裂(lie)(lie)片(pian)或(huo)齒,葉面無毛,背面疏被毛。
花(hua)(hua)(hua)葶數(shu)個(ge),高10-15厘(li)米,頂端(duan)幼時密(mi)被白色(se)(se)綿毛(mao),后光(guang)滑;頭狀(zhuang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)序直徑30-35毫(hao)米;總苞寬鐘(zhong)狀(zhuang),長約15毫(hao)米;外層總苞片(pian)卵形或(huo)卵狀(zhuang)披針形,先(xian)端(duan)具明(ming)顯(xian)角狀(zhuang)突起,帶紅紫(zi)色(se)(se),邊緣疏生緣毛(mao);內(nei)層總苞片(pian)線狀(zhuang)披針形,先(xian)端(duan)暗紫(zi)色(se)(se),增厚或(huo)具小角狀(zhuang)突起;舌狀(zhuang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)白色(se)(se),稀淡黃色(se)(se),邊緣花(hua)(hua)(hua)舌片(pian)背面有(you)紫(zi)色(se)(se)條紋。
瘦果褐色(se),長3.5-5毫米(mi)(mi),上(shang)部具(ju)刺狀(zhuang)(zhuang)突(tu)起,中(zhong)部以下(xia)具(ju)瘤(liu)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)突(tu)起,頂端逐漸收縮為長1毫米(mi)(mi)的圓(yuan)錐至(zhi)圓(yuan)柱形喙基,喙纖細,長4-10毫米(mi)(mi);冠毛白色(se),長7-8毫米(mi)(mi)。
花(hua)果期(qi)4-6月。2n=32。
【藥名】:朝(chao)鮮(xian)蒲公英
【來(lai)源】:為雙子葉(xie)植物(wu)藥菊科(ke)植物(wu)朝鮮(xian)蒲公(gong)英的帶根全草。
【相關藥(yao)材】霧靈(ling)蒲(pu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)英(ying)(ying)(ying),細(xi)裂(lie)蒲(pu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)英(ying)(ying)(ying),芥葉(xie)蒲(pu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)英(ying)(ying)(ying),麗(li)花蒲(pu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)英(ying)(ying)(ying),紅梗蒲(pu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)英(ying)(ying)(ying),多裂(lie)蒲(pu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)英(ying)(ying)(ying),光苞蒲(pu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)英(ying)(ying)(ying),亞洲蒲(pu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)英(ying)(ying)(ying),白花蒲(pu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)英(ying)(ying)(ying)
【功效(xiao)】:清熱解毒,利濕通(tong)淋,催乳。
【主(zhu)治】:用于(yu)癰(yong)腫(zhong)瘡(chuang)瘍,乳癰(yong),肺癰(yong),腸(chang)癰(yong),黃疸,小便(bian)淋瀝澀痛(tong),產后乳少。
【性味歸經】:甘、苦,寒(han)。入肝、胃二經。
【用法用量】:內服,煎湯(tang),10一(yi)30克。
【動植物(wu)資(zi)源分(fen)布】:分(fen)布于東北地區。
【拉(la)丁名】:原植物朝鮮蒲公英Taraxacum coreanum Nakai.