芒果视频下载

基本介紹

（學(xue)名：Rhodeus lighti）為鯉科鳑鲏屬的(de)魚類，是中國(guo)的(de)特有物種(zhong)。分布于福建、廣東直(zhi)至黑龍江流域等。該物種(zhong)的(de)模式產(chan)地在南京(jing)。

生長與分布

國內(nei)分布福建，廣(guang)東直至黑龍江流域(yu)

國外分布

形態及特征

基本特征

體(ti)扁薄而高，外(wai)形呈卵圓形。第3眶下骨似(si)倒置三角(jiao)(jiao)形，其最高處相當(dang)于(yu)(yu)眼(yan)內緣的(de)長度。口角(jiao)(jiao)無須。側(ce)線不(bu)完(wan)全(quan)，側(ce)線鱗(lin)3—6枚。縱列鱗(lin)31—34枚。背(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)基底短于(yu)(yu)背(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)基部(bu)末(mo)端至尾鰭(qi)(qi)基部(bu)的(de)距離(li);胸鰭(qi)(qi)末(mo)端后伸(shen)不(bu)達腹鰭(qi)(qi)起點;臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)具8—11根分枝鰭(qi)(qi)條。體(ti)長60mm。棲息于(yu)(yu)水(shui)流緩慢(man)、水(shui)草生(sheng)長茂(mao)盛的(de)水(shui)灣或池塘(tang)、溪(xi)流中。常群集，以水(shui)草、附(fu)著藻類(lei)、水(shui)生(sheng)昆蟲和枝角(jiao)(jiao)類(lei)為(wei)食。4—6月進行繁(fan)殖，5月為(wei)產(chan)卵旺季。卵呈橢(tuo)圓形。繁(fan)殖期間雌魚具產(chan)卵管，將卵產(chan)于(yu)(yu)蚌類(lei)的(de)外(wai)套腔中;雄魚具鮮艷的(de)婚姻(yin)色彩，其吻部(bu)具珠星。廣(guang)布于(yu)(yu)除青(qing)藏(zang)高原外(wai)的(de)我國(guo)各地;國(guo)外(wai)見于(yu)(yu)朝鮮。

識別特征

標準(zhun)長(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)體(ti)(ti)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1.9—2.5倍(bei)(bei)(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)頭(tou)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)4.0-4.5倍(bei)(bei)(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)4.0—7.0倍(bei)(bei)(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)4.8—7.0倍(bei)(bei)(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)背(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基(ji)(ji)部(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)3.5—3.8倍(bei)(bei)(bei)。頭(tou)長(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)吻(wen)(wen)(wen)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)3.0—3.5倍(bei)(bei)(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)眼(yan)(yan)徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)3.1—3.5倍(bei)(bei)(bei).為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)眼(yan)(yan)間距的(de)(de)(de)(de)2.2—2.7倍(bei)(bei)(bei)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1.6-1.8倍(bei)(bei)(bei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1.0--1.1倍(bei)(bei)(bei)。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1.2—1.5倍(bei)(bei)(bei)。體(ti)(ti)高(gao)而(er)側(ce)(ce)扁，體(ti)(ti)稍肥厚，頭(tou)后(hou)(hou)背(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)隆(long)(long)起(qi)(qi)，腹(fu)(fu)(fu)部(bu)較(jiao)圓，身(shen)體(ti)(ti)外形呈卵圓形，與高(gao)體(ti)(ti)鳑鮍很相似(si)。頭(tou)較(jiao)小(xiao)(xiao)而(er)短(duan)(duan)，眼(yan)(yan)后(hou)(hou)頭(tou)長(chang)(chang)(chang)較(jiao)吻(wen)(wen)(wen)長(chang)(chang)(chang)，約(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)吻(wen)(wen)(wen)長(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1.5-l.7倍(bei)(bei)(bei)。吻(wen)(wen)(wen)短(duan)(duan)而(er)尖。口端位(wei)(wei)。口角無須(xu)。眼(yan)(yan)較(jiao)大(da)，位(wei)(wei)于(yu)體(ti)(ti)側(ce)(ce)中線(xian)偏上(shang)方。眼(yan)(yan)徑(jing)與吻(wen)(wen)(wen)長(chang)(chang)(chang)相當(dang)。鼻(bi)孔位(wei)(wei)于(yu)眼(yan)(yan)前緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)上(shang)方，離眼(yan)(yan)前緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)較(jiao)近。鰓(sai)(sai)耙短(duan)(duan)小(xiao)(xiao)，排列(lie)較(jiao)密(mi)。下(xia)咽齒(chi)側(ce)(ce)扁。齒(chi)面具(ju)有(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋸紋，尖端呈鉤狀(zhuang)。背(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)外緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)略向外凸起(qi)(qi)呈弧形，無硬刺，其(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)距吻(wen)(wen)(wen)端較(jiao)距尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基(ji)(ji)最后(hou)(hou)一(yi)片鱗片稍遠(yuan)(yuan)。胸鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)較(jiao)長(chang)(chang)(chang)，末(mo)端后(hou)(hou)伸(shen)接近腹(fu)(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。腹(fu)(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)在背(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)之前，后(hou)(hou)伸(shen)更接近臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)，至(zhi)(zhi)胸鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)較(jiao)至(zhi)(zhi)臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)遠(yuan)(yuan)。臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)無硬刺，其(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)于(yu)背(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)第(di)(di)三(san)根(gen)分枝鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)條(tiao)正(zheng)下(xia)方。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)深叉形。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)較(jiao)高(gao)且稍長(chang)(chang)(chang)。肛門略靠近腹(fu)(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，至(zhi)(zhi)腹(fu)(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基(ji)(ji)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)距離較(jiao)至(zhi)(zhi)臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)近。雌魚(yu)有(you)(you)產卵管。生殖(zhi)季節(jie)變長(chang)(chang)(chang)。鱗片較(jiao)大(da)，腹(fu)(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基(ji)(ji)部(bu)具(ju)有(you)(you)腋(ye)鱗。側(ce)(ce)線(xian)不完全.僅在鰓(sai)(sai)孔上(shang)角后(hou)(hou)方有(you)(you)3—6片。生殖(zhi)季節(jie)雄魚(yu)吻(wen)(wen)(wen)端具(ju)有(you)(you)兩簇(cu)白色(se)珠星，隆(long)(long)起(qi)(qi)較(jiao)高(gao)，臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)邊(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)有(you)(you)較(jiao)寬的(de)(de)(de)(de)黑色(se)飾邊(bian)，在最末(mo)一(yi)個側(ce)(ce)線(xian)鱗處有(you)(you)一(yi)條(tiao)不十分明(ming)(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)淡綠色(se)橫斑(ban)。生活時(shi)體(ti)(ti)色(se)鮮艷(yan)，雄魚(yu)體(ti)(ti)色(se)較(jiao)艷(yan)麗，眼(yan)(yan)球上(shang)方為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)桔(jie)紅色(se)。鰓(sai)(sai)孔上(shang)角第(di)(di)一(yi)個側(ce)(ce)線(xian)鱗上(shang)有(you)(you)一(yi)個藍黑色(se)大(da)斑(ban)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)柄(bing)(bing)(bing)中部(bu)有(you)(you)一(yi)條(tiao)黑色(se)縱紋，向前延(yan)伸(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)背(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)下(xia)方，或超(chao)過(guo)背(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。背(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、臀(tun)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)腹(fu)(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)均呈淺黃色(se)。幼體(ti)(ti)和(he)雌魚(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)背(bei)(bei)(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前部(bu)有(you)(you)一(yi)個灰(hui)黑色(se)大(da)斑(ban)點(dian)(dian)(dian)，雄魚(yu)不明(ming)(ming)顯。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)上(shang)下(xia)葉之間還有(you)(you)一(yi)條(tiao)桔(jie)紅色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)縱條(tiao)紋。彩(cai)石鳑鮍是(shi)一(yi)種小(xiao)(xiao)型(xing)魚(yu)類(lei)，經濟價值低。生長(chang)(chang)(chang)緩慢，第(di)(di)一(yi)年(nian)稍快。常(chang)棲息于(yu)水(shui)流較(jiao)緩的(de)(de)(de)(de)溪河、水(shui)溝、池塘或稻(dao)田(tian)等(deng)水(shui)體(ti)(ti)中，喜(xi)集(ji)群。其(qi)(qi)食(shi)物主(zhu)要是(shi)水(shui)生植物碎屑、藻類(lei)、周叢生物和(he)水(shui)蚤等(deng)。第(di)(di)一(yi)次(ci)性(xing)成熟(shu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1齡，生殖(zhi)季節(jie)在4-6月，懷卵量小(xiao)(xiao)，一(yi)般為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)300--500粒。產卵于(yu)瓣鰓(sai)(sai)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鰓(sai)(sai)水(shui)管中。