云浮蟠龍(long)洞(dong)風景名勝區位于廣東省云浮市區北(bei)部(bu)的(de)獅子山(shan)中(zhong),是一個經歷(li)了1.7億多年逐漸形成的(de)次(ci)生溶洞(dong)。洞(dong)分3層,上為天堂通天洞(dong),下為龍(long)泉地下河(he),中(zhong)為九龍(long)長廊。蟠龍(long)洞(dong)屬(shu)喀斯特溶洞(dong),洞(dong)內石(shi)花高懸,鐘乳低垂,石(shi)筍(sun)石(shi)柱如林,石(shi)幔、石(shi)帳、石(shi)盾、石(shi)堤應有盡(jin)有,奇景疊(die)出(chu),洞(dong)體(ti)迂(yu)回曲折,形若蛟龍(long),故得名"蟠龍(long)洞(dong)"。
蟠龍洞屬喀斯特溶巖(yan),經歷億萬(wan)年漫長(chang)歲(sui)月逐漸形成。洞內游程528米,分三層(ceng)(ceng),上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)天堂通天洞,下層(ceng)(ceng)龍泉地下河,中層(ceng)(ceng)九龍長(chang)廊,層(ceng)(ceng)層(ceng)(ceng)相連,曲折(zhe)迷(mi)人(ren)。洞內鐘乳(ru)千姿百態(tai),石(shi)筍石(shi)柱如(ru)(ru)(ru)林。處處有景,景景皆奇(qi)。類人(ren)似物有“神龜朝圣”、“龍母(mu)浴(yu)池”“天書神筆”、“玉壁(bi)雄關”等58景,真是惟(wei)妙惟(wei)肖,栩栩如(ru)(ru)(ru)生,引人(ren)入勝(sheng)。而(er)最為(wei)奇(qi)特的是洞內巖(yan)壁(bi)上(shang)長(chang)出的簇(cu)簇(cu)石(shi)花,石(shi)花晶瑩潔白,剔透玲瓏,如(ru)(ru)(ru)銀(yin)星(xing)閃爍熠(yi)熠(yi)生輝。
蟠(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)龍(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)位于(yu)云浮市(shi)區城北(bei)的(de)獅子山中,因(yin)其洞(dong)(dong)體迂迥曲折,故得名。1993年5月,廣東省人民政府以(yi)[1993]66號文,正式批準(zhun)蟠(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)龍(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)為省級風景(jing)(jing)名勝區。蟠(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)龍(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)自1985年對(dui)(dui)游人開放以(yi)來,已接待數百萬游客。特別近年來,市(shi)政府加(jia)大了對(dui)(dui)景(jing)(jing)區建設的(de)投入,于(yu)蟠(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)龍(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)旁興建蟠(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)龍(long)(long)天(tian)湖,一(yi)(yi)個集(ji)觀(guan)賞、食住(zhu)、游樂、購物于(yu)一(yi)(yi)體的(de)旅游景(jing)(jing)區已初具規模(mo),來自各地的(de)游客更是絡繹不絕。
蟠(pan)龍(long)(long)(long)洞(dong)旅(lv)游風景區和龍(long)(long)(long)山(shan)溫泉(quan)旅(lv)游度假(jia)區與(yu)羅定聚(ju)龍(long)(long)(long)洞(dong)、龍(long)(long)(long)龕巖,肇慶(qing)星(xing)湖(hu)、德慶(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)母廟連成(cheng)一線(xian)的“龍(long)(long)(long)之旅(lv)”,成(cheng)為(wei)聞(wen)名海內外的旅(lv)游熱線(xian)。經研究(jiu)初步(bu)認(ren)為(wei)花卉狀(zhuang)組合構成(cheng),在(zai)特(te)定的物化條(tiao)(tiao)件下形成(cheng)的,開始形成(cheng)時間約為(wei)35萬年前,至(zhi)今仍(reng)在(zai)緩(huan)慢生長,見氣成(cheng)石,變幻無窮,生長不為(wei)重(zhong)力(li)所約。“玉羅傘(san)帳”,又是蟠(pan)龍(long)(long)(long)洞(dong)內另一個(ge)世界級洞(dong)穴奇觀。其(qi)狀(zhuang)如宮廷豪華傘(san)帳,白里透黃(huang),石褶線(xian)條(tiao)(tiao)美輪美奐,純屬自然形成(cheng),其(qi)成(cheng)因(yin)至(zhi)今仍(reng)是一個(ge)謎(mi),具(ju)有(you)很高的科研考古和科普價值。
蟠(pan)龍(long)洞地(di)下(xia)河(he)(he)間(jian)歇性涌泉(quan)。蟠(pan)龍(long)洞中的落水(shui)(shui)洞直落21米深處,是(shi)龍(long)泉(quan)地(di)下(xia)河(he)(he),在景點“群龍(long)布陣”處可螺旋而下(xia),曲伸如龍(long),一年(nian)四季(ji),龍(long)泉(quan)滴水(shui)(shui)不斷,泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)甘冽。其下(xia)的地(di)下(xia)河(he)(he),長(chang)560米,河(he)(he)寬8~10米,高(gao)10~30米不等,它(ta)是(shi)一間(jian)歇泉(quan)供給(gei)河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui),來水(shui)(shui)時,水(shui)(shui)浪滾翻(fan),哇(wa)(wa)哇(wa)(wa)作響(xiang),沖刷(shua)河(he)(he)灘,過一會(hui)又靜靜回流石洞。
蟠(pan)龍洞(dong)的特殊景觀有三外:其一(yi)(yi)是世界三大(da)(da)石(shi)(shi)花(hua)洞(dong)之一(yi)(yi)。洞(dong)內石(shi)(shi)花(hua)剔透玲瓏(long),晶瑩(ying)如玉,它附著于巖壁(bi)之上(shang),不按重力方(fang)向(xiang)生長,而向(xiang)四面節節開(kai)(kai)花(hua),見氣成石(shi)(shi),繼續生長,變幻無窮。其二是我國南方(fang)典型的大(da)(da)熊貓(mao)--劍齒象動(dong)物(wu)群(qun)"古動(dong)物(wu)化石(shi)(shi)區",最為(wei)珍貴的是"智人(ren)"古人(ren)類化石(shi)(shi)。其三是蟠(pan)龍洞(dong)尚未(wei)開(kai)(kai)發的龍泉(quan)地(di)下河,河中有泉(quan)眼,每隔十分鐘左右(you),泉(quan)眼波浪翻滾(gun),似海潮洶(xiong)涌,沖(chong)刷河岸,隨后又似退潮,靜靜地(di)回流石(shi)(shi)洞(dong),經專家確認為(wei)地(di)下間歇泉(quan),是一(yi)(yi)罕(han)見洞(dong)府(fu)奇觀。
洞(dong)(dong)長千(qian)米,深暗幽邃(sui)。里面有(you)高達30米的螺頂,有(you)深不見(jian)底的石罅,寬闊(kuo)空曠處(chu)(chu)都能容千(qian)人,窄處(chu)(chu)不能2人并行(xing)。在(zai)洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)跺腳砸壁(bi)會發出“嗡嗡”回音,給人一種(zhong)神秘莫(mo)測的感覺。洞(dong)(dong)口朝南,為券拱門(men),門(men)上(shang)坎刻“龍洞(dong)(dong)熏風”四個篆字,為康熙14年5月立。洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)10米處(chu)(chu),有(you)一供臺,臺上(shang)神像已(yi)廢,只(zhi)剩臺下殘存的幾(ji)尊(zun)羅漢石像身軀。向洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)行(xing)至30米處(chu)(chu),開(kai)始(shi)向右(you)下方拐彎,回頭外望,只(zhi)見(jian)洞(dong)(dong)口猶如月牙出山,人稱“回首望月”。
繼續前(qian)行,步(bu)步(bu)廳景(jing)。鐘乳(ru)石形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)“火燒葡萄架”含珠點翠;石壁上(shang)被浸蝕成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)“仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)炕”形體逼真;巨石橫貫的(de)(de)(de)“仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)橋”奇特驚(jing)險(xian),世間罕(han)見。再(zai)向(xiang)里進(jin)(jin),八戒(jie)可(ke)見鐘乳(ru)石形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)“江豬探海(hai)”、“水簾(lian)瀑布”、以(yi)及多年沖刷而成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)“姜池”、“藕池”,池內形似鮮姜的(de)(de)(de)鐘乳(ru)石如(ru)霞似錦。“蓮藕”如(ru)雪似玉(yu)。“玉(yu)龍(long)騰空”尤(you)惹人(ren)注(zhu)目:在高達20米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)洞壁上(shang),有一(yi)(yi)塊鐘乳(ru)石,宛若玉(yu)龍(long),通(tong)體覆蓋著銀光閃爍的(de)(de)(de)“龍(long)鱗”,妙不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)言;龍(long)頭垂下,嘴里噴球吐玉(yu)人(ren),人(ren)稱(cheng)“龍(long)滴(di)水”,滴(di)在下面“蓮花盆”里,四時不(bu)(bu)(bu)涸。“鷂子翻身”是(shi)(shi)洞內向(xiang)下延(yan)伸的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang),此處(chu)游人(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能正面行進(jin)(jin),必須翻過(guo)身子,雙手(shou)攀石倒(dao)行;路旁有深(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)見底的(de)(de)(de)石罅。走過(guo)險(xian)境,是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)段空闊平坦(tan)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)帶,這兒路面干(gan)燥,清(qing)風(feng)習(xi)習(xi)。再(zai)向(xiang)里前(qian)進(jin)(jin),便是(shi)(shi)“倒(dao)爬(pa)四十(shi)步(bu)”,雖然路程難走,卻另有一(yi)(yi)番意(yi)境。再(zai)向(xiang)前(qian)行200米(mi),有巨石擋(dang)堵,不(bu)(bu)(bu)能前(qian)往(wang)。洞口外200米(mi)處(chu)為金代佛隱寺遺址,存戲臺和石碑1通(tong)、古(gu)柏1株。漫山蒼(cang)松(song)翠柏,郁郁蔥(cong)蔥(cong);山下溝(gou)壑幽(you)深(shen),樹林茂密。
盤(pan)龍(long)(long)(long)洞(dong)于1983年(nian)(nian)11月(yue)發現,1984年(nian)(nian)開(kai)發,1985年(nian)(nian)正式開(kai)放(fang)。游覽洞(dong)分兩(liang)層,上層洞(dong)為(wei)“天堂”通天洞(dong),下層為(wei)寶石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花洞(dong)室。洞(dong)內景(jing)(jing)點主(zhu)要有“雞鳴破法”、“龍(long)(long)(long)珠鎮(zhen)洞(dong)”、“海獅卷簾”、“石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)羊(yang)拜客”、“龍(long)(long)(long)床(chuang)寶鏡”、“龍(long)(long)(long)宮奇寶”、“龍(long)(long)(long)母玉(yu)池”、“仙(xian)桃盛會”、“青龍(long)(long)(long)翻(fan)浪”、“魚躍龍(long)(long)(long)門”、“金龍(long)(long)(long)入(ru)(ru)帳”、“斑石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)凌空(kong)”、“雙龍(long)(long)(long)出海”、“海獅護帳”、“龍(long)(long)(long)母回歸”等57景(jing)(jing),各(ge)景(jing)(jing)奇麗無(wu)比,景(jing)(jing)隨步移,路隨景(jing)(jing)轉,非常緊(jin)湊,顯得突出,無(wu)怪有“神(shen)州奇葩”之稱。從洞(dong)穴(xue)沉積物看,形態(tai)的品種(zhong)名(ming)稱齊全,如“天書神(shen)筆”的鐘(zhong)乳(ru)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、“神(shen)龜(gui)朝(chao)圣(sheng)”的石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)筍、“玉(yu)柱(zhu)擎空(kong)”的石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)、“玉(yu)壁雄關”的邊(bian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壩、“金龍(long)(long)(long)入(ru)(ru)帳”的石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)瀑(pu)布(bu)、“龍(long)(long)(long)母玉(yu)池”的石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蓮盤(pan)、“仙(xian)山瓊閣”的狗牙石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(水(shui)盆晶簇)、“雨箭風(feng)刀”的石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)旗、“海獅護帳”的石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)盾與石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)幔以及“巨龍(long)(long)(long)迎賓”的凝結水(shui)再溶蝕鐘(zhong)乳(ru)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等,無(wu)一(yi)不奇,無(wu)一(yi)不怪。
寶石花
蟠龍(long)(long)洞內最為(wei)奇特的(de)(de)是洞內巖壁上(shang)長(chang)(chang)出(chu)的(de)(de)簇簇“寶(bao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)”,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)晶瑩潔白(bai),剔(ti)透玲(ling)瓏,形(xing)(xing)態(tai)(tai)萬千,如(ru)銀星閃爍,熠熠生(sheng)(sheng)輝。在國(guo)(guo)內外均比(bi)較罕見,全世(shi)界僅(jin)美(mei)國(guo)(guo)、土耳(er)其和中國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you),除河(he)南省鞏縣石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)洞等(deng)極(ji)少數洞穴(xue)有(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)種類型沉(chen)積外,很少見到這種雪白(bai)晶瑩,似球(qiu)非球(qiu),似針非針的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)態(tai)(tai)和色(se)澤(ze)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua),因此(ci)(ci)很受游人稱道,其形(xing)(xing)態(tai)(tai)之(zhi)完美(mei),色(se)澤(ze)之(zhi)純白(bai),堪稱世(shi)界等(deng)級,被譽為(wei)“世(shi)界十(shi)(shi)大(da)洞穴(xue)奇景(jing)”之(zhi)一(yi)。蟠龍(long)(long)洞也因此(ci)(ci)在1987年的(de)(de)《國(guo)(guo)際洞穴(xue)年會》上(shang)被世(shi)界洞穴(xue)協(xie)會譽為(wei)“世(shi)界三(san)大(da)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)洞”之(zhi)一(yi)。經專家研究初步認為(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)是由(you)(you)三(san)種化學沉(chen)積形(xing)(xing)態(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)花(hua)卉狀組(zu)合(he)體構成,即(ji)由(you)(you)方(fang)(fang)解石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(核心)、文石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)枝和方(fang)(fang)解石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)與文石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)的(de)(de)卷(juan)(juan)曲石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)。最典型的(de)(de)組(zu)合(he)結構是,以鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)干,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)枝為(wei)枝、為(wei)花(hua),卷(juan)(juan)曲石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)節、皮、蕾。因此(ci)(ci)它(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)成要有(you)(you)三(san)個階段(duan):第一(yi)階段(duan)是滴(di)水(shui)形(xing)(xing)成鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi);第二階段(duan),在封閉(bi)的(de)(de)環境下,洞內沒有(you)(you)空氣的(de)(de)流(liu)動,處于(yu)十(shi)(shi)分寧靜、氣溫恒定且略高時(shi),由(you)(you)微(wei)壓的(de)(de)水(shui)緩慢滲出(chu),結晶沉(chen)淀生(sheng)(sheng)出(chu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)枝;第三(san)階段(duan),由(you)(you)毛細水(shui)或由(you)(you)于(yu)氣溶膠作(zuo)用形(xing)(xing)成卷(juan)(juan)曲石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。至(zhi)今仍在緩慢生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang),附著于(yu)巖壁之(zhi)上(shang),見氣成石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),變幻(huan)無(wu)窮,生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)不(bu)(bu)為(wei)重力所(suo)約,不(bu)(bu)按重力方(fang)(fang)向生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang),而向四周節節開花(hua),就象(xiang)我們(men)的(de)(de)頭發(fa)一(yi)樣(yang)不(bu)(bu)斷自根部(bu)向外推(tui)出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)一(yi)樣(yang),因而也稱“永(yong)不(bu)(bu)凋謝的(de)(de)花(hua)”。
玉羅傘帳
玉(yu)羅(luo)傘(san)(san)帳(zhang)是蟠龍洞內(nei)另一個世(shi)界級洞穴奇觀。它(ta)的(de)外(wai)形酷似(si)人們平(ping)時所(suo)見的(de)羅(luo)傘(san)(san)蚊帳(zhang),形態之(zhi)優(you)美,在世(shi)上是極其罕見的(de)。它(ta)由兩部(bu)(bu)分(fen)組成,頂部(bu)(bu)的(de)盾(dun)(dun)形板(ban)(ban)面叫石盾(dun)(dun)(也叫調(diao)色板(ban)(ban)),從盾(dun)(dun)頂墜下來的(de)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)叫盾(dun)(dun)墜,屬于石幕式的(de)石幔。這兩部(bu)(bu)分(fen)結合(he)起來,便(bian)是一頂神似(si)玉(yu)石的(de)華麗宮廷(ting)蚊帳(zhang),故被稱為“玉(yu)羅(luo)傘(san)(san)帳(zhang)”。玉(yu)羅(luo)傘(san)(san)帳(zhang)的(de)前(qian)后兩部(bu)(bu)分(fen)顏色有明顯的(de)差異(yi),后部(bu)(bu)分(fen)色澤(ze)較暗,生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)較早(zao),據測已(yi)有24200年了,前(qian)半(ban)部(bu)(bu)潔(jie)白如玉(yu),生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)較晚,估(gu)計生(sheng)成年代在數千年之(zhi)內(nei)。
蟠龍洞美食特(te)色:新(xin)興(xing)裹蒸(zheng)粽(zong)、天堂狗肉、勒竹田螺、炒(chao)田螺、連灘釀豆腐小吃:南乳花生(sheng)、郁南蜜棗、郁南寶珠龐寨荔枝、新(xin)興(xing)香荔、新(xin)興(xing)涼果。