大灣(wan)古(gu)民(min)居,郁南縣大灣(wan)鎮五星村大灣(wan)寨,一個以李姓為主的古(gu)村落。
郁南(nan)縣大(da)(da)(da)灣鎮(zhen)五(wu)星村(cun)大(da)(da)(da)灣寨,是一個以(yi)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)姓為(wei)主的(de)(de)古村(cun)落。這里的(de)(de)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)氏(shi)宗(zong)(zong)祠(ci)(ci)群(qun)由(you)一間間平行(xing)排列的(de)(de)宗(zong)(zong)祠(ci)(ci)所組成,具(ju)有(you)濃厚粵西地(di)方藝術特(te)色和民(min)族風(feng)格。古民(min)居有(you)當時大(da)(da)(da)灣富(fu)商(shang)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)其敏(min)1920年(nian)建造的(de)(de)“巨昌棧(zhan)大(da)(da)(da)屋(wu)(wu)”,有(you)大(da)(da)(da)灣富(fu)商(shang)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)景獻第二兒子李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)祺(qi)波1885年(nian)創建的(de)(de)“祺(qi)波大(da)(da)(da)屋(wu)(wu)”,有(you)清咸豐元(yuan)年(nian)至宣統年(nian)間興建的(de)(de)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)氏(shi)大(da)(da)(da)宗(zong)(zong)祠(ci)(ci)、象翁(weng)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、誠(cheng)翁(weng)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、峻鋒李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、祿村(cun)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、芳裕(yu)家塾(shu)、潔翁(weng)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、錦村(cun)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、拔亭李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、介村(cun)李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、學充李(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)祠(ci)(ci)。
在大灣(wan)寨(今五(wu)星村)內2平(ping)方公里(li)范(fan)圍內,有50多座建(jian)于清朝和(he)民(min)國(guo)的(de)民(min)居建(jian)筑,其中(zhong)有14座為(wei)省級文物(wu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)單位,5座級文物(wu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)單位。除了具有粵西特色的(de)古建(jian)筑、古井、古樹外(wai),還有附近(jin)的(de)田園(yuan)風(feng)(feng)光,包括眾多的(de)果園(yuan)、魚塘以(yi)及“一(yi)江兩岸”(南江)良(liang)好的(de)自(zi)然生態(tai)風(feng)(feng)光。漫步古村落中(zhong),門前屋(wu)后(hou)常有花徑小院、天然水(shui)井、百年古樹、各(ge)種農田作物(wu)點綴(zhui)其中(zhong),一(yi)派悠閑的(de)田園(yuan)風(feng)(feng)光,不知不覺陶醉于這(zhe)世外(wai)桃源之中(zhong),讓人流連(lian)忘返。
大(da)(da)灣地處南江流(liu)域,地靈人杰,舟(zhou)楫便利(li),歷(li)史上曾(ceng)是商(shang)賈之(zhi)地,文(wen)化積淀豐(feng)厚,民居(ju)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑獨特。早在200年前曾(ceng)出(chu)過進士、翰林,顯(xian)赫一方,那時(shi)興建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)大(da)(da)批古建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑充分體現了當(dang)時(shi)的(de)文(wen)化和藝(yi)術(shu)特色。這些古民居(ju)經歷(li)悠(you)悠(you)歲月的(de)洗禮,至今依然(ran)散發出(chu)迷人的(de)風采(cai)。這些大(da)(da)屋(wu),祠堂和廟(miao)宇設計獨特,造型美觀,輝煌壯麗,深具嶺南特色。各(ge)座建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑巧(qiao)飾石(shi)雕(diao),楹聯,匾額,鍋(guo)耳等(deng)等(deng),雕(diao)梁畫(hua)棟,龍(long)脊飛(fei)檐,惟妙(miao)惟俏(qiao),工藝(yi)十分精巧(qiao)。繪畫(hua)、書法、雕(diao)塑、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑四種藝(yi)術(shu)因子共冶一爐,交相輝映,特別是那些斑駁(bo)的(de)牌匾,無言袒露出(chu)這方水土曾(ceng)蜂(feng)擁而出(chu)的(de)各(ge)類人文(wen)景(jing)觀。
此外,大灣古建(jian)筑群的古樹、古井(jing)均超百年歷史,觀賞價(jia)值(zhi)極高,尤其是(shi)古井(jing),其水(shui)(shui)(shui)面高出周圍(wei)池(chi)塘的水(shui)(shui)(shui)面,而水(shui)(shui)(shui)井(jing)離池(chi)塘僅1米多(duo)的距離,但池(chi)塘水(shui)(shui)(shui)卻不會滲入井(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)中,井(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)量優質(zhi)(zhi),至(zhi)今仍(reng)在(zai)使用,合乎“井(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)不犯塘水(shui)(shui)(shui)”,真是(shi)一個謎。
專家(jia)學者們認(ren)為(wei)這是一處(chu)集建筑藝(yi)術、民間文化、民族風情、歷史掌故于(yu)一體的規模宏(hong)大(da)的藝(yi)術寶(bao)庫,是中(zhong)國古建筑與中(zhong)華藝(yi)術相結合之精(jing)華