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松陽茶(cha)葉(xie)在(zai)中國古(gu)代(dai)茶(cha)林中獨樹一幟。早在(zai)三國時期，松陽就開始出(chu)產(chan)茶(cha)葉(xie)，到(dao)了唐代(dai)已很興(xing)盛(sheng)。唐朝大詩人戴叔(shu)倫任東陽縣(xian)令期間(jian)，曾訪松陽橫(heng)山寺，老僧(seng)人奉上一碗(wan)當地產(chan)的橫(heng)山茶(cha)。

歷史

戴叔倫沉醉于(yu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)香(xiang)，不(bu)覺(jue)日(ri)落(luo)西山，不(bu)勝感慨，乃賦(fu)詩(shi)《橫山》：“偶入橫山寺，溪深(shen)路更(geng)幽(you)。露涵(han)松(song)翠滴(di)，風涌浪花浮。老(lao)衲供茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)碗，斜陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)送(song)客舟。自緣歸思促，不(bu)得更(geng)遲留。”至宋代(dai)(dai)，松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飲茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)風日(ri)甚，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道(dao)盛(sheng)行(xing)，僧侶、文(wen)人(ren)(ren)樂于(yu)“斗(dou)(dou)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”(即表演(yan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道(dao))而不(bu)疲。松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)人(ren)(ren)祖(zu)(zu)謙(qian)禪(chan)師曾居西屏山白鶴殿修(xiu)行(xing)，他是當(dang)時有(you)名的(de)(de)(de)(de)“斗(dou)(dou)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”高(gao)手，其(qi)與(yu)(yu)大詩(shi)人(ren)(ren)蘇(su)軾友善。一日(ri)，與(yu)(yu)蘇(su)東(dong)(dong)坡相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)會(hui)敘話，并為(wei)蘇(su)東(dong)(dong)坡“斗(dou)(dou)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”。東(dong)(dong)坡先生欽(qin)佩(pei)祖(zu)(zu)謙(qian)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道(dao)精深(shen)，乃贈詩(shi)《西屏山》：“道(dao)人(ren)(ren)曉(xiao)出西屏山，來(lai)施(shi)點茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)三(san)昧(mei)手。忽驚午盞兔毫斑，打作春甕鵝(e)兒酒(jiu)。天(tian)臺乳花世不(bu)見，玉川鳳液(ye)今何有(you)？東(dong)(dong)坡有(you)意(yi)續茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經，要使(shi)祖(zu)(zu)謙(qian)名不(bu)朽。”據說(shuo)，后(hou)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)整理(li)西屏山白鶴殿地(di)(di)基時，發現一石碑上刻有(you)蘇(su)軾的(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)首詩(shi)。邑(yi)人(ren)(ren)明代(dai)(dai)貢(gong)生詹嘉卿(qing)在(zai)《萬壽山》一詩(shi)中(zhong)云：“空廚竹(zhu)畔無煙火，細和(he)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)聲(sheng)(sheng)有(you)竹(zhu)雞。”描寫了煮(zhu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)聲(sheng)(sheng)和(he)雞鳴聲(sheng)(sheng)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)和(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)悠閑(xian)田園生活，可見當(dang)時飲用茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)在(zai)松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)尋(xun)常(chang)百姓家已是普遍現象。清代(dai)(dai)鄉賢周圣教在(zai)《西屏山懷古(gu)》詩(shi)中(zhong)寫到(dao)：“汲水煮(zhu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)氣(qi)味清，一飲人(ren)(ren)疑有(you)仙骨”。品飲松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，能令人(ren)(ren)神(shen)清氣(qi)爽(shuang)，足見松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)極佳品質。松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)化(hua)源遠流長，用茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)民俗別具(ju)一格(ge)，歷(li)代(dai)(dai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)沿(yan)成習，形成了獨特的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)域文(wen)化(hua)。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)影(ying)響了松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)人(ren)(ren)民1800多年的(de)(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)生活，也(ye)影(ying)響了松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)1800多年的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳統文(wen)化(hua)。時至今日(ri)，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)與(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系更(geng)為(wei)緊密，人(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)日(ri)常(chang)生活離不(bu)開茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)。松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)對(dui)當(dang)地(di)(di)老(lao)百姓生產、生活的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響尤為(wei)深(shen)刻。到(dao)2010年，全縣已有(you)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)面積11.02萬畝，逾8萬多農民從事茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產業(ye)，產值近2億元(yuan)，發展茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)業(ye)已成為(wei)松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)農民增收的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要渠道(dao)。松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)所以在(zai)今日(ri)能廣為(wei)人(ren)(ren)知，行(xing)銷全國，不(bu)僅源于(yu)現實社會(hui)對(dui)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大量需求，更(geng)源于(yu)松(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)傳統茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)積薄(bo)發。

傳說

相(xiang)傳，唐景龍(long)年間(jian)，浙西一帶遭受(shou)(shou)瘟疫之災，松(song)(song)陽(yang)百姓染疫者(zhe)甚多(duo)(duo)，許多(duo)(duo)百姓家庭因(yin)(yin)此人(ren)(ren)亡家破(po)。眾多(duo)(duo)患者(zhe)求治于民間(jian)郎中，郎中們無術可施(shi)。松(song)(song)陽(yang)百姓人(ren)(ren)心惶(huang)惶(huang)，只見(jian)患者(zhe)日漸(jian)增多(duo)(duo)，疫情(qing)日益嚴重。在武當(dang)山(shan)(shan)游訪(fang)的(de)(de)葉法善聞知(zhi)故土松(song)(song)陽(yang)遭受(shou)(shou)瘟疫，立(li)即趕回松(song)(song)陽(yang)卯(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)，召集眾多(duo)(duo)道士(shi)采(cai)制卯(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)仙茶，煮(zhu)卯(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)仙泉泡茶，并開觀施(shi)茶七(qi)七(qi)四十九天。當(dang)地百姓聞迅(xun)紛(fen)(fen)紛(fen)(fen)前(qian)往討取卯(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)仙茶水，許多(duo)(duo)患者(zhe)飲用(yong)數次后，漸(jian)有好轉終至(zhi)痊(quan)愈(yu)。一度肆虐(nve)蔓延的(de)(de)瘟疫終被降(jiang)服。葉法善因(yin)(yin)此被松(song)(song)陽(yang)百姓奉為濟世救俗(su)的(de)(de)“葉天師(shi)(shi)”，后來各地紛(fen)(fen)紛(fen)(fen)建(jian)立(li)“天師(shi)(shi)殿(dian)”，供人(ren)(ren)們敬奉。截(jie)至(zhi)2010年松(song)(song)陽(yang)縣(xian)境內仍有多(duo)(duo)處“天師(shi)(shi)殿(dian)”及其遺跡，在當(dang)地依然流傳著葉天師(shi)(shi)施(shi)茶消(xiao)災的(de)(de)傳說。這些“天師(shi)(shi)殿(dian)”弘(hong)揚了葉法善助人(ren)(ren)救世的(de)(de)松(song)(song)陽(yang)茶道精神。

發展

據(ju)當今《松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)志》記載，1929年(nian)(nian)(nian)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)在(zai)西湖(hu)國際博覽(lan)會上(shang)獲一等獎，從(cong)此，松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)在(zai)國際上(shang)名聲遠揚(yang)。抗日戰爭時期，為(wei)(wei)避戰亂，浙江省農業改(gai)進(jin)所(suo)曾遷松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)，并在(zai)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)建立過(guo)橫(heng)山試驗茶(cha)(cha)場和橫(heng)山制茶(cha)(cha)廠，以作(zuo)改(gai)良茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)品種、提高(gao)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)品質之示范，提高(gao)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)農的(de)(de)栽培(pei)、采摘、制作(zuo)等技術水(shui)平，推動松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)品質的(de)(de)改(gai)良。20世(shi)紀(ji)60年(nian)(nian)(nian)代，赤壽公社紅(hong)連(lian)大(da)隊開(kai)墾出(chu)百余(yu)畝(mu)“紅(hong)連(lian)示范茶(cha)(cha)園”，在(zai)其帶動下，幾年(nian)(nian)(nian)間全縣(xian)規范茶(cha)(cha)園面積達到(dao)近萬畝(mu)。在(zai)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)傳統制作(zuo)工藝(yi)的(de)(de)基礎上(shang)，松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)農業局(ju)于20世(shi)紀(ji)80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代初組(zu)織研制生(sheng)產出(chu)了(le)“松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)銀(yin)猴”新品。從(cong)2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)以來(lai)，“松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)銀(yin)猴”的(de)(de)知名度、美譽度不斷(duan)提高(gao)，2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)被評(ping)為(wei)(wei)省名牌產品，2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)被評(ping)為(wei)(wei)浙江十(shi)大(da)名茶(cha)(cha)。松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)人對(dui)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)不斷(duan)研究開(kai)發，傳承了(le)傳統松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)制作(zuo)工藝(yi)，弘揚(yang)了(le)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)道精神，促進(jin)了(le)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)產業的(de)(de)不斷(duan)發展(zhan)壯大(da)。