一.產品介紹
應(ying)縣(xian)青(qing)椒含有(you)多種微量元素(su),營養豐(feng)富,據科學(xue)鑒定:每100克青(qing)椒含維生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)C0.037%,胡蘿卜素(su)0.011%,礦物(wu)質(zhi)0.034%,碳水化(hua)合物(wu)0.0018%和蛋白(bai)質(zhi)等人(ren)體所必(bi)需的大量物(wu)質(zhi),長期食(shi)用,不僅可潤滑肌膚,駐留青(qing)春(chun),強身壯骨,補脾益氣,生(sheng)(sheng)身調經,而(er)且可預防和減輕腦血栓、敗血病(bing)、血吸蟲(chong)、乳腺增生(sheng)(sheng),并(bing)(bing)對胃癌(ai)、肺(fei)癌(ai)、肝(gan)癌(ai)、子宮癌(ai)、乳腺癌(ai)等病(bing)癥也有(you)明顯的療效。 應(ying)縣(xian)青(qing)椒2004年7月30日被國家農(nong)業部農(nong)產品質(zhi)量中心認證為無公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產品,并(bing)(bing)在國家商標局以“應(ying)州綠”商標注冊。
二.自然生態(tai)環境和人文歷史因素
1.土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)地(di)貌(mao)(mao)情(qing)況(kuang):應(ying)(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)分布受(shou)地(di)形、地(di)貌(mao)(mao)、水文、母質、植(zhi)被(bei)和(he)(he)人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)因素(su)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang),較為(wei)(wei)(wei)復雜。全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)部(bu)分土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)沙壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)層深厚肥(fei)沃,總的(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)點是地(di)帶性(xing)分布不(bu)明顯,具有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)律(lv)性(xing)。2.水文情(qing)況(kuang):應(ying)(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)處大(da)同盆地(di)南(nan)端(duan),大(da)小石峪(yu)、茹越峪(yu)沖積扇(shan),北(bei)臨鎮子(zi)梁水庫,西(xi)接桑干河,水資源總量(liang)(liang)(liang)1.5億立方(fang)米(mi)(mi),人(ren)均(jun)水資源占有(you)量(liang)(liang)(liang)564立方(fang)米(mi)(mi),全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)表水總流量(liang)(liang)(liang)0.6億立方(fang)米(mi)(mi),地(di)下水可(ke)開采(cai)量(liang)(liang)(liang)0.9億立方(fang)米(mi)(mi),地(di)表徑流主(zhu)要(yao)來(lai)(lai)(lai)源于(yu)雨季(ji)(ji)洪水,應(ying)(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)現(xian)有(you)灌溉機(ji)井12000眼。3.氣(qi)(qi)候情(qing)況(kuang):應(ying)(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)屬(shu)北(bei)溫帶大(da)陸性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)候,受(shou)季(ji)(ji)節影響(xiang),四季(ji)(ji)分明,氣(qi)(qi)候變(bian)化(hua)主(zhu)要(yao)受(shou)西(xi)南(nan)氣(qi)(qi)流的(de)(de)(de)控制,全(quan)年(nian)變(bian)化(hua)規(gui)律(lv)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)是:年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫7.1℃,極端(duan)最高溫度(du)36.6℃,極端(duan)最低溫度(du)-30.5℃。季(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)主(zhu)要(yao)集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)于(yu)冬春兩季(ji)(ji),主(zhu)要(yao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)向為(wei)(wei)(wei)西(xi)南(nan)風(feng)(feng)(feng),年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)2.4米(mi)(mi)/秒,最大(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)20米(mi)(mi)/秒。年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)降雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)380毫米(mi)(mi)左右。降水量(liang)(liang)(liang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)年(nian)內分配不(bu)均(jun)勻,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)七、八、九三(san)個月(yue),占全(quan)年(nian)總降雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)65%。年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)蒸發(fa)(fa)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1858.5mm,主(zhu)要(yao)集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)4-10月(yue)份,占全(quan)年(nian)蒸發(fa)(fa)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)75%以(yi)上(shang)。開始霜凍期(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)9月(yue)下旬,解凍期(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)次(ci)年(nian)4月(yue)下旬,山區(qu)無霜期(qi)(qi)90-110天(tian)。4.人(ren)文歷史(shi)情(qing)況(kuang):應(ying)(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)青(qing)椒(jiao)以(yi)其個大(da)肉(rou)厚、色澤鮮艷、清脆味美、耐藏(zang)易運(yun)的(de)(de)(de)獨特(te)(te)品質而(er)倍(bei)受(shou)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)青(qing)睞,已成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)聞(wen)名海(hai)(hai)內外的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)土(tu)(tu)特(te)(te)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品。應(ying)(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)青(qing)椒(jiao)具有(you)悠久的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi),早(zao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)堯(yao)舜時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi),便(bian)有(you)“堯(yao)傳(chuan)子(zi)耕”之(zhi)(zhi)說,堯(yao)王(wang)讓其長(chang)子(zi)丹朱帶著五(wu)谷、蔬菜(cai)種(zhong)子(zi)從平(ping)陽來(lai)(lai)(lai)到(dao)長(chang)子(zi)這(zhe)塊地(di)平(ping)水淺的(de)(de)(de)沃土(tu)(tu)上(shang)開墾(ken)種(zhong)植(zhi),丹朱在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)片灑遍(bian)炎(yan)帝神農(nong)氏心(xin)血和(he)(he)汗水的(de)(de)(de)古老土(tu)(tu)地(di)上(shang)勤勞耕作,精心(xin)栽培出了豐(feng)收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)糧食(shi)、可(ke)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)鮮菜(cai),特(te)(te)別是收(shou)獲的(de)(de)(de)青(qing)椒(jiao)(當(dang)時(shi)(shi)叫尖辣椒(jiao)),口(kou)味奇特(te)(te),嚼時(shi)(shi)“針扎”,含時(shi)(shi)“錐刺”,長(chang)期(qi)(qi)食(shi)用,健(jian)脾胃,增(zeng)食(shi)欲,強身健(jian)腦,成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)當(dang)時(shi)(shi)人(ren)們非常(chang)喜歡的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)蔬菜(cai)。新中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)成(cheng)立后(hou),應(ying)(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)青(qing)椒(jiao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)繼承傳(chuan)統(tong)種(zhong)植(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang),引用現(xian)代(dai)科學技術,不(bu)斷(duan)改進(jin)(jin)栽培工(gong)(gong)藝,品種(zhong)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步提高。生吃可(ke)當(dang)水果(guo),烹、炒、煎(jian)、炸、煮、蒸、拌(ban)餡、腌漬食(shi)之(zhi)(zhi),香(xiang)美可(ke)口(kou),加工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)青(qing)椒(jiao)醬常(chang)年(nian)嘗鮮,應(ying)(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)青(qing)椒(jiao)越來(lai)(lai)(lai)越展(zhan)示(shi)出一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)高品位風(feng)(feng)(feng)味,享有(you)”天(tian)下第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)甜椒(jiao)”之(zhi)(zhi)美稱。黨的(de)(de)(de)十一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)屆三(san)中(zhong)全(quan)會以(yi)來(lai)(lai)(lai),應(ying)(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)民開發(fa)(fa)了這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)具有(you)傳(chuan)統(tong)優勢的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品,把種(zhong)植(zhi)青(qing)椒(jiao)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)農(nong)民致富奔小康的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)導(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業,不(bu)斷(duan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)條件,擴大(da)種(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積,使青(qing)椒(jiao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)實(shi)現(xian)了區(qu)域(yu)化(hua)種(zhong)植(zhi),規(gui)模化(hua)經營(ying)。全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)種(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積達20萬多(duo)畝,年(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)青(qing)椒(jiao)9億多(duo)公斤,成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)青(qing)椒(jiao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)。2001年(nian),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個集(ji)(ji)食(shi)宿、娛(yu)樂(le)、代(dai)辦長(chang)途降溫運(yun)輸包裝、蔬菜(cai)檢疫為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)華北(bei)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)蔬菜(cai)批發(fa)(fa)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(南(nan)河種(zhong)蔬菜(cai)批發(fa)(fa)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)),被(bei)國(guo)(guo)家農(nong)業部(bu)指定(ding)(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)定(ding)(ding)點蔬菜(cai)批發(fa)(fa)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。每年(nian)7月(yue)中(zhong)旬,來(lai)(lai)(lai)自(zi)廣東、湖南(nan)、湖北(bei)、河南(nan)、山東等(deng)省區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)高架(jia)拉(la)菜(cai)車涌進(jin)(jin)應(ying)(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),跨過長(chang)江,運(yun)進(jin)(jin)廣州、上(shang)海(hai)(hai)、深圳、海(hai)(hai)南(nan),并轉口(kou)香(xiang)港(gang)、澳門、新加坡(po)、馬來(lai)(lai)(lai)西(xi)亞、越南(nan)、泰(tai)國(guo)(guo)等(deng)地(di),在(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)內外市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)上(shang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)展(zhan)風(feng)(feng)(feng)采(cai),盡顯風(feng)(feng)(feng)流。
三.地域范圍
青椒產(chan)于(yu)(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)省朔州市(shi)應(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境(jing)內,應(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)位于(yu)(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)省北(bei)(bei)部(bu),地(di)跨東經112°58′-113°37′,北(bei)(bei)緯39°17′-39°45′之(zhi)間,全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)圖呈平(ping)行四邊形。其(qi)東鄰渾(hun)源(yuan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),西(xi)(xi)向平(ping)朔鄰山(shan)(shan)(shan)陰縣(xian)(xian)(xian),北(bei)(bei)鄰懷仁縣(xian)(xian)(xian),南(nan)(nan)毗繁峙(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、代縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)現有12個鄉鎮,人(ren)口(kou)28.3萬人(ren),其(qi)中農(nong)業(ye)人(ren)口(kou)25.2萬人(ren),農(nong)業(ye)總收入24.75億元,農(nong)民人(ren)均純收入3946元,工業(ye)產(chan)值8.9億元,全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)總面(mian)(mian)積1708平(ping)方公里(li),南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)長47.5公里(li),東西(xi)(xi)寬46.5公里(li)。交通十分便利,運輸以公路為(wei)主,縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)公路密度達到39.7公里(li)/百平(ping)方公里(li)。應(ying)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)處大同盆地(di)南(nan)(nan)端(duan),一分山(shan)(shan)(shan)二分川(chuan),恒山(shan)(shan)(shan)、龍首、黃花三山(shan)(shan)(shan)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)拱衛、渾(hun)河(he)桑干河(he)東西(xi)(xi)繞城(cheng),山(shan)(shan)(shan)列如屏,水(shui)環似帶。境(jing)內南(nan)(nan)高(gao)(gao)北(bei)(bei)低(di),最(zui)高(gao)(gao)海拔(ba)2333米。總生產(chan)面(mian)(mian)積2000畝,年(nian)生產(chan)總量120萬公斤。
四(si).產品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)特性特征
應(ying)縣青(qing)椒含(han)有多(duo)種(zhong)微量(liang)元素,營養豐富(fu),據科學鑒定每00克青(qing)椒含(han)維生(sheng)(sheng)素C0.07%,胡蘿卜素0.0%,礦(kuang)物質0.04%,碳水化(hua)合(he)物0.008%和蛋白質等人體所必(bi)需的大量(liang)物質,長(chang)期食用,不僅(jin)可潤滑肌(ji)膚,駐留(liu)青(qing)春,強身壯骨,補脾益氣(qi),生(sheng)(sheng)身調經,而且(qie)可預防和減(jian)輕腦血栓、敗血病、血吸蟲、乳(ru)腺(xian)增生(sheng)(sheng),并對(dui)胃(wei)癌(ai)、肺癌(ai)、肝癌(ai)、子宮癌(ai)、乳(ru)腺(xian)癌(ai)等病癥(zheng)也有明顯的療效。
五(wu).特定(ding)生產方式
1.育(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)設施的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)格(ge)要(yao)求(qiu):選擇地(di)(di)(di)勢高(gao)燥、交通(tong)方便、排灌好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)建(jian)立(li)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)床(chuang),采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)改良陽畦,塑(su)(su)料(liao)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)棚育(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)設施,并(bing)(bing)對育(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)設施進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)消(xiao)毒(du)處理(li)(li)。其(qi)規(gui)格(ge):改良陽畦:矢(shi)(shi)高(gao)0.5m-1m,跨(kua)度(du)2.5m-2m 塑(su)(su)料(liao)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)棚:矢(shi)(shi)高(gao)1m-l.5m,跨(kua)度(du)2m-4.5m栽(zai)培季(ji)節:采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)春(chun)(chun)夏栽(zai)培2.品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選用(yong):選用(yong)一抗病(bing)(bing)(bing)、優質(zhi)、豐產(chan)、耐貯運、商品(pin)性(xing)(xing)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。露(lu)(lu)地(di)(di)(di)早春(chun)(chun)茬(cha)(cha)栽(zai)培要(yao)選擇抗病(bing)(bing)(bing)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),前(qian)期(qi)(qi)耐低溫,后(hou)期(qi)(qi)耐熱性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),前(qian)期(qi)(qi)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi)產(chan)量(liang)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)熟(shu)(shu)和(he)早熟(shu)(shu)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)質(zhi)量(liang):符合(he)(he)GB16715.3-1999中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2級以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)要(yao)求(qiu)。露(lu)(lu)地(di)(di)(di)栽(zai)培青(qing)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong): 燈籠型中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)晚熟(shu)(shu)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)4號(hao)(hao)(hao)”、“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)7號(hao)(hao)(hao)”、“屯(tun)玉(yu)9號(hao)(hao)(hao)”、“翠龍216號(hao)(hao)(hao)”;牛角(jiao)型:谷雨大(da)(da)(da)(da)牛椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、鳳凰城、星光118;羊(yang)角(jiao)型中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)晚熟(shu)(shu)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):“保(bao)加(jia)利亞(ya)羊(yang)角(jiao)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)”。3.生(sheng)產(chan)過程管(guan)理(li)(li):播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian),先將(jiang)干種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)放在(zai)(zai)(zai)55℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)15分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘,并(bing)(bing)不斷攪拌(ban),撈出(chu)(chu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi),再(zai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)30℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫水(shui)浸泡6-8小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),并(bing)(bing)用(yong)手搓,爾(er)后(hou)撈出(chu)(chu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi),用(yong)細棉紗包好(hao),放在(zai)(zai)(zai)25-30℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱炕上(shang)(shang)(shang)催芽,每天用(yong)清溫水(shui)淘洗3-4次(ci),5天待(dai)70%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)“露(lu)(lu)白(bai)”即(ji)可(ke)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)床(chuang)營(ying)養土(tu)(tu)配(pei)制,選擇過篩(shai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)豆(dou)茬(cha)(cha)或本科糧食(shi)作物(wu)茬(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)砂壤土(tu)(tu)3份,撒(sa)施腐熟(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)馬(ma)糞(fen),廄糞(fen)或雞糞(fen)5份,爐灰渣1份,每立(li)方米床(chuang)土(tu)(tu)加(jia)入(ru)1.5kg的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過磷酸鈣和(he)250克(ke)(ke)(ke)尿素,淺鋤兩遍(bian),把(ba)lcm以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)畦土(tu)(tu)與肥(fei)(fei)料(liao)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)拌(ban)勻,耬(lou)平(ping)(ping)后(hou)輕(qing)(qing)踩一遍(bian),再(zai)樓平(ping)(ping)。苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)床(chuang)土(tu)(tu)消(xiao)毒(du)于(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)床(chuang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)按1平(ping)(ping)方米用(yong)藥(yao)10克(ke)(ke)(ke),混入(ru)多菌(jun)靈加(jia)10倍細土(tu)(tu)拌(ban)勻,均勻撒(sa)于(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)畦面,劃鋤入(ru)土(tu)(tu)耬(lou)平(ping)(ping)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi):3月20日(ri)左右(you),根據種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)密度(du),一般(ban)每平(ping)(ping)方米用(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)10-15克(ke)(ke)(ke)。 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方法:春(chun)(chun)季(ji)保(bao)護(hu)地(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)產(chan),可(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)棚內土(tu)(tu)溫12℃左右(you),氣溫20℃以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)用(yong)噴壺往(wang)床(chuang)面上(shang)(shang)(shang)灑少(shao)(shao)量(liang)熱水(shui),并(bing)(bing)均勻鋪(pu)撒(sa)少(shao)(shao)量(liang)藥(yao)土(tu)(tu)(每平(ping)(ping)方米10克(ke)(ke)(ke))或0.5cm厚營(ying)養土(tu)(tu),播(bo)(bo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)將(jiang)“露(lu)(lu)白(bai)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)拌(ban)入(ru)細土(tu)(tu),細篩(shai)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)搖動,待(dai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)變成大(da)(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)均勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)粒后(hou),用(yong)手輕(qing)(qing)輕(qing)(qing)均勻撒(sa)入(ru)剛滲水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)床(chuang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),上(shang)(shang)(shang)蓋1cm厚細土(tu)(tu),然后(hou)再(zai)蓋塑(su)(su)料(liao)膜(mo)(mo)保(bao)濕(shi)保(bao)溫。為(wei)了防(fang)止出(chu)(chu)土(tu)(tu)戴帽,可(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)幼苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)剛拱(gong)土(tu)(tu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)再(zai)覆(fu)0.5cm細土(tu)(tu)。出(chu)(chu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)后(hou):揭開塑(su)(su)料(liao)膜(mo)(mo)降溫,從幼苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)拱(gong)土(tu)(tu)至出(chu)(chu)齊苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),要(yao)逐漸降苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)床(chuang)溫度(du),保(bao)持(chi)白(bai)天20-25℃,夜間(jian)16-20℃,如發現(xian)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)床(chuang)有(you)(you)裂裂縫,可(ke)撒(sa)一層細土(tu)(tu)彌縫。出(chu)(chu)齊苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)至l片真葉(xie)(xie)(xie)期(qi)(qi),加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)放風,保(bao)持(chi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)白(bai)天22-24℃, 夜間(jian)12-14℃。 及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao):幼苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)出(chu)(chu)土(tu)(tu)后(hou),在(zai)(zai)(zai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)展(zhan)開時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)間(jian)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),淘汰劣苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)和(he)病(bing)(bing)(bing)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),按1.5-2cm苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)距選留下(xia)胚軸粗(cu)(cu)實,子(zi)(zi)(zi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)舒(shu)展(zhan),色澤(ze)鮮綠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幼苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。 幼苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao):當幼苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)展(zhan)開2葉(xie)(xie)(xie)一心時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),要(yao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),于(yu)(yu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)前(qian)3-4天,對幼苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)低溫鍛煉,白(bai)天20-25℃,夜間(jian)12-14℃。一般(ban)分(fen)(fen)(fen)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)第(di)一次(ci)按5cm×5cm,第(di)二(er)次(ci)分(fen)(fen)(fen)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)10cm×10cm,并(bing)(bing)澆足水(shui),覆(fu)土(tu)(tu)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)緩苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。 分(fen)(fen)(fen)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)后(hou)肥(fei)(fei)水(shui)管(guan)理(li)(li),苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)期(qi)(qi)以(yi)控水(shui)控肥(fei)(fei)為(wei)主,在(zai)(zai)(zai)秧苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)3-4葉(xie)(xie)(xie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)情追促苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)肥(fei)(fei)。 煉苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao):早春(chun)(chun)育(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),于(yu)(yu)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)前(qian)5-6天,只要(yao)沒霜,撒(sa)除任何覆(fu)蓋物(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)煉苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。 壯(zhuang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)指(zhi)標(biao):苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)高(gao)18-22cm,莖稈粗(cu)(cu)壯(zhuang)墩實,單(dan)株(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)9-13葉(xie)(xie)(xie)展(zhan)開,葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片肥(fei)(fei)厚,葉(xie)(xie)(xie)色深綠具有(you)(you)光澤(ze);根系發達(da),乳(ru)(ru)白(bai)色,無病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲害;植(zhi)株(zhu)(zhu)普遍(bian)現(xian)蕾。早春(chun)(chun)季(ji)節,6-7片葉(xie)(xie)(xie)即(ji)可(ke)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)。4.產(chan)品(pin)收獲:適時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)批采(cai)(cai)(cai)收,當果皮變綠色,較堅硬且皮色光亮時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),即(ji)可(ke)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收。尤其(qi)門椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)應(ying)早,防(fang)止影響(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)層果實膨大(da)(da)(da)(da)。露(lu)(lu)地(di)(di)(di)栽(zai)培必須在(zai)(zai)(zai)初霜前(qian)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收完畢,產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)必須符合(he)(he)NY5005要(yao)求(qiu)。5.生(sheng)產(chan)紀(ji)錄要(yao)求(qiu):建(jian)立(li)技術(shu)檔案。將(jiang)青(qing)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)生(sheng)長(chang)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每一個技術(shu)環(huan)節及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)采(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)措(cuo)施詳細記錄,建(jian)立(li)檔案備查。整枝打(da)杈,門椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收后(hou),植(zhi)株(zhu)(zhu)基部(bu)易(yi)長(chang)出(chu)(chu)側枝消(xiao)耗養分(fen)(fen)(fen),應(ying)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)除掉,到結(jie)(jie)果中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)期(qi)(qi),下(xia)部(bu)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)果采(cai)(cai)(cai)收后(hou),應(ying)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)摘(zhai)除植(zhi)株(zhu)(zhu)下(xia)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老葉(xie)(xie)(xie)、黃葉(xie)(xie)(xie)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)和(he)無效(xiao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie),以(yi)利用(yong)通(tong)風透光,防(fang)止病(bing)(bing)(bing)蔓延。產(chan)品(pin)典(dian)型品(pin)質(zhi)特性(xing)(xing)特征和(he)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全規(gui)定(ding)(ding)應(ying)縣青(qing)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)含有(you)(you)多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)微量(liang)元素,營(ying)養豐富,據科學鑒定(ding)(ding):每100克(ke)(ke)(ke)青(qing)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)含維生(sheng)素C0.037%,胡(hu)蘿(luo)卜素0.011%,礦(kuang)物(wu)質(zhi)0.034%,碳水(shui)化合(he)(he)物(wu)0.0018%和(he)蛋白(bai)質(zhi)等人體(ti)所必需的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)量(liang)物(wu)質(zhi),長(chang)期(qi)(qi)食(shi)用(yong),不僅可(ke)潤(run)滑肌膚,駐留青(qing)春(chun)(chun),強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)身壯(zhuang)骨,補脾益氣,生(sheng)身調經,而且可(ke)預防(fang)和(he)減(jian)輕(qing)(qing)腦血(xue)栓、敗血(xue)病(bing)(bing)(bing)、血(xue)吸蟲、乳(ru)(ru)腺(xian)增生(sheng),并(bing)(bing)對胃癌(ai)、肺(fei)癌(ai)、肝癌(ai)、子(zi)(zi)(zi)宮癌(ai)、乳(ru)(ru)腺(xian)癌(ai)等病(bing)(bing)(bing)癥也有(you)(you)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)療效(xiao)。